Difference between revisions of "Using "dui" with verbs"
m (Text replacement - "{{HSK|HSK2}}" to "{{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}}") |
|||
| (52 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | When using 对 (duì) as a [[preposition]], it | + | When using 对 (duì) as a [[preposition]], it means "to" or "towards" an object or target. As with all prepositions, you've got to watch out when using this word, as usage of 对 in Chinese doesn't always totally "make sense" or correspond to English at all. |
== Basic Usage == | == Basic Usage == | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | 对 + | + | Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | Note that you shouldn't be plugging in just any old verb here | + | Note that you shouldn't be plugging in just any old verb here; the ones that work with 对 are limited. |
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *宝宝 <em>对</em> <strong>我</strong> 笑 | + | *宝宝 <em>对</em> <strong>我</strong> 笑 了 。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>duì</em> <strong>wǒ</strong> xiào le.</span><span class="trans">The baby smiled at me.</span> |
| − | *小狗 在 <em>对</em> <strong>你</strong> | + | *小狗 在 <em>对</em> <strong>你</strong> 叫 。<span class="pinyin">Xiǎogǒu zài <em>duì</em> <strong>nǐ</strong> jiào.</span><span class="trans">The dog is barking at you.</span> |
| − | *你 不 应该 这样 <em>对</em> <strong> | + | *你 不 应该 这样 <em>对</em> <strong>父母</strong> 说话 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ bù yīnggāi zhèyàng <em>duì</em> <strong>fùmǔ</strong> shuōhuà.</span><span class="trans">You shouldn't talk to your parents this way.</span> |
| − | * | + | *他 总是 <em>对</em> <strong>老师</strong> 撒谎 。<span class="pinyin">Tā zǒngshì <em>duì</em> <strong>lǎoshī</strong> sāhuǎng.</span><span class="trans">He always lies to his teachers.</span> |
| − | *不要 <em>对</em> <strong>孩子</strong> | + | *不要 <em>对</em> <strong>孩子</strong> 发脾气 。<span class="pinyin">Bùyào <em>duì</em> <strong>háizi</strong> fā píqi.</span><span class="trans">Don't lose your temper with the child.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | == Colloquial Expression 对……来说 == | |
| − | + | In English we often start sentences with "to someone" or "for someone" when sharing that person's perspective. In Chinese, the pattern is: | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | In English we | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | 对 + Person + 来说 ，⋯⋯ | |
| − | 对 + | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | While this pattern was too common to omit from this page, it's covered in more depth as part of [[Phrases using "laishuo"|phrases using "laishuo."]] | |
| − | + | == Usage with Specific Verbs == | |
| − | + | Certain verbs, especially [[psychological verb]]s, are often used with 对, which means 对 is needed if you want to add an object into the structure. I good example is 对……感兴趣 ("to be interested in..."). In this case, 对 means "in," "on," "about," etc., and the object doesn't have to be a person. The short list below will give a few more verbs frequently paired with 对. | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | + | === Structures === | |
| − | + | * 对⋯⋯有兴趣 (yǒu xìngqù) to have an interest in... | |
| + | * 对⋯⋯感兴趣 (gǎn xìngqù) to feel interested in... | ||
| + | * 对⋯⋯负责 (fùzé) to be responsible for... | ||
| + | * 对⋯⋯满意 (mǎnyì) to feel satisfied with... | ||
| + | * 对⋯⋯失望 (shīwàng) to be disappointed in/with... | ||
| + | * 对⋯⋯好奇 (hàoqí) to be curious about... | ||
| − | + | === Examples === | |
| − | + | Some example sentences: | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *我 <em>对</em> <strong> | + | *我 儿子 <em>对</em> 学 外语 很 <strong>感 兴趣</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ érzi <em>duì</em> xué wàiyǔ hěn <strong>gǎn xìngqù</strong>.</span><span class="trans">My son is very interested in learning foreign languages.</span> |
| − | *你 | + | *你 应该 <em>对</em> 自己 的 工作 <strong>负责</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yīnggāi <em>duì</em> zìjǐ de gōngzuò <strong>fùzé</strong> .</span><span class="trans">You should be responsible for your job.</span> |
| − | *老板 | + | *老板 <em>对</em> 你 不 太 <strong>满意</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>duì</em> nǐ bù tài <strong>mǎnyì</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The boss is not very satisfied with you.</span> |
| − | * | + | *观众 <em>对</em> 比赛 结果 非常 <strong>失望</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Guānzhòng <em>duì</em> bǐsài jiéguǒ fēicháng <strong>shīwàng</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The audience is very disappointed with the result of the game.</span> |
| − | * | + | *我 的 小 女儿 <em>对</em> 所有 动物 都 很 <strong>好奇</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de xiǎo nǚ'ér <em>duì</em> suǒyǒu dòngwù dōu hěn <strong>hàoqí</strong>.</span><span class="trans">My younger daughter is curious about all animals.</span> |
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | ==See also== | + | == See also == |
*[[Using "xiang"]] | *[[Using "xiang"]] | ||
| Line 86: | Line 73: | ||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 2|76}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|153}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|151}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide|84, 88}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)|198}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|313}} | |
| + | {{Source|卓越汉语－公司实战篇|11-2, 134}} | ||
[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
| + | {{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}} | ||
[[Category:Prepositions]] | [[Category:Prepositions]] | ||
| + | {{Used for|Describing actions}} | ||
{{Similar|"For…" with "eryan"}} | {{Similar|"For…" with "eryan"}} | ||
| − | {{Similar| | + | {{Similar|Expressing "towards" with "xiang"}} |
| − | |||
{{Similar|Expressing "for" with "gei"}} | {{Similar|Expressing "for" with "gei"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Verbs followed by "gei"}} | ||
{{Similar|Comparing "gen" and "dui"}} | {{Similar|Comparing "gen" and "dui"}} | ||
| − | {{Similar| | + | {{Similar|Comparing "dui" and "duiyu"}} |
{{Similar|Verbs preceded by "gei"}} | {{Similar|Verbs preceded by "gei"}} | ||
{{Similar|Giving perspective with "yaowoshuo"}} | {{Similar|Giving perspective with "yaowoshuo"}} | ||
{{Translation|to}} | {{Translation|to}} | ||
{{Translation|towards}} | {{Translation|towards}} | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|对|B1|对 + | + | {{Basic Grammar|对|B1|Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb | 宝宝 <em>对</em> 我 笑 了。|grammar point|ASG8ICO9}} |
{{POS|Prepositions}} | {{POS|Prepositions}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:53, 21 April 2021
-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
When using 对 (duì) as a preposition, it means "to" or "towards" an object or target. As with all prepositions, you've got to watch out when using this word, as usage of 对 in Chinese doesn't always totally "make sense" or correspond to English at all.
Contents
Basic Usage
Structure
Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb
Note that you shouldn't be plugging in just any old verb here; the ones that work with 对 are limited.
Examples
- 宝宝 对 我 笑 了 。The baby smiled at me.
- 小狗 在 对 你 叫 。The dog is barking at you.
- 你 不 应该 这样 对 父母 说话 。You shouldn't talk to your parents this way.
- 他 总是 对 老师 撒谎 。He always lies to his teachers.
- 不要 对 孩子 发脾气 。Don't lose your temper with the child.
Colloquial Expression 对……来说
In English we often start sentences with "to someone" or "for someone" when sharing that person's perspective. In Chinese, the pattern is:
对 + Person + 来说 ，⋯⋯
While this pattern was too common to omit from this page, it's covered in more depth as part of phrases using "laishuo."
Usage with Specific Verbs
Certain verbs, especially psychological verbs, are often used with 对, which means 对 is needed if you want to add an object into the structure. I good example is 对……感兴趣 ("to be interested in..."). In this case, 对 means "in," "on," "about," etc., and the object doesn't have to be a person. The short list below will give a few more verbs frequently paired with 对.
Structures
- 对⋯⋯有兴趣 (yǒu xìngqù) to have an interest in...
- 对⋯⋯感兴趣 (gǎn xìngqù) to feel interested in...
- 对⋯⋯负责 (fùzé) to be responsible for...
- 对⋯⋯满意 (mǎnyì) to feel satisfied with...
- 对⋯⋯失望 (shīwàng) to be disappointed in/with...
- 对⋯⋯好奇 (hàoqí) to be curious about...
Examples
Some example sentences:
- 我 儿子 对 学 外语 很 感 兴趣 。My son is very interested in learning foreign languages.
- 你 应该 对 自己 的 工作 负责 。You should be responsible for your job.
- 老板 对 你 不 太 满意 。The boss is not very satisfied with you.
- 观众 对 比赛 结果 非常 失望 。The audience is very disappointed with the result of the game.
- 我 的 小 女儿 对 所有 动物 都 很 好奇 。My younger daughter is curious about all animals.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 2 (pp. 76) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 153) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 151) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 84, 88) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (pp. 198) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (pp. 313) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (pp. 11-2, 134) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
