Advanced result complements "zhu", "kai", and "chulai"

Common Advanced Result Complement

  • verb + 住 It can be used to express a "coming to a halt."
  • verb + 开 Literally it means "to open" or " to turn on."
  • verb + 出(来) It can be used figuratively to mean "nothing to coming into being" or "to come up with."
  • verb + 上

住 as Result Complement

  • 站住Stop!
  • 抓住 那个 小偷 !Catch that thief!
  • 不 好意思 ,你 挡住 了 我 的 路 。Excuse me. You're standing in my way.

住 can also be used to express "undertaking an action firmly" or "tightly."

  • 一定 要 记住 我 的 话 。You must remember what I said.
  • 你 必须 抓住 机会 。You must seize the opportunity tightly.
  • 看住 他 ,别 让 他 跑 了 。Keep an eye on him. Don't let him run away.

开 as Result Complement

  • 张开 嘴 。Open your mouth.
  • 打开 书 。Please open your book.
  • 现在 请 你 睁开 眼睛 。Please open your eyes now.

开 can be used to express an action that is occurring in a direction away from the speaker. When used in this sense, 开 is generally used with verbs involving releasing, unfolding or spreading out:

  • 走开Go away!
  • 放开 我 !Let go of me!
  • 这个 好消息 很快 传开 了 。This good news spread out very soon.

开 can be also used to express solving a problem or getting a weight off one's mind.

  • 看开 一点 。
  • 想开 一点 。

出(来) as Result Complement

  • 你 能 想 出 什么 好 办法 ?What good ideas can you come up with?
  • 这些 数学 题 有点 难 ,我 花 了 一个 小时 才 做 出来These math problems are a little bit difficult. It took me an hour to work them out.
  • 别 猜 了,你们 肯定 猜 不 出 我 的 新 男朋友 是 谁 。Stop guessing. There's no way for you to figure out who my new boy friend is.
  • 一万 字 的 文章 我 写 不 出来I can't write a ten-thousand-word article.

跟感官动词搭配时,"出(来)"表示"to tell or to distinguish".

  • 她 肯定 是 北方人,我 能 听 出来She must be from the north. I can hear it.
  • 你 能 看出 我 多大 吗 ?Can you tell how old I am?
  • 菜 里面 有 味精 ,我 能 吃 出来Can you tell how old I am?
  • 这 个 东西 是 用 什么 做 的 ?你 能 摸 出来 吗 ?What's this thing made of? Can you feel it?
  • 你 抽烟 了 吧 ?别 骗 我 ,我 都 闻 出来 了 。Were you smoking? Don't lie to me because I can smell it.

上 as Result Complement

考上、住上、开上

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

HSK5