Difference between revisions of "Auxiliary verb"

 
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{{AKA|modal verb|助动词 (zhùdòngcí)|情态动词 (qíngtài dòngcí)|能愿动词 (néngyuàn dòngcí)}}
  
Also known as "modal verbs"
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Auxiliary verbs are "helping" verbs that come before main verbs and help express a tone or mood. (The word "modal" comes from "mood.") In English, auxiliary verbs include words like "should," "will," and "can," which all change something about the situation and the speaker's attitude. Auxiliary verbs express capability, possibility, necessity, obligation or willingness.
  
Express capability, possibility, necessity, obligation or willingness.
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==Characteristics==
  
== Notes ==
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In sentences with auxiliary verbs, the auxiliary verb is the one that gets modified. That is, if you want to negate a sentence with an auxiliary verb, put "不" before the auxiliary, not the main verb.  
* Can indicate intention, possibility or necessity
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** Differing strength levels within these categories (e.g. 必须 vs 应该)
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Also, unlike normal verbs, auxiliary verbs can't be reduplicated, nor can they take the aspect particles: (le), 着 (zhe), and (guo).  
** Modal verbs of strong obligation (必须, 比得) can't form positive-negative questions
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* In sentences with an auxiliary verb, the auxiliary verb is negated, not the main verb.
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Finally, when you are responding to a question that uses an auxiliary verb, you reply with the auxiliary verb, not with the main verb that it modifies.
* To respond to questions with an auxiliary verb, the auxiliary verb is used, not the main verb. E.g. 你想不想来? 想.
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* Auxiliary verbs can't be reduplicated.
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== Grammar Patterns for Auxiliary Verbs ==
* Aspect particles 了, 着, 过 can't be used with auxiliary verbs.
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{{POS Page|Auxiliary verbs}}
* Auxiliary verbs must take a verb as an object, not a noun.
 
* Most important auxiliary verbs:
 
** 要
 
** 会
 
** 想
 
** 应该
 
** 该
 
** 必须
 
** 得 (děi)
 
* How to say 'can' in different contexts (能, 会 and 可以)
 
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
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* [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp/ref=as_li_ss_tl?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001N6R7DI&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001N6R7DI Practicing HSK Grammar] (pp. 141 - 151)
 
* [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp/ref=as_li_ss_tl?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001N6R7DI&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001N6R7DI Practicing HSK Grammar] (pp. 141 - 151)
 
* [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415700108?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0415700108 Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide] (pp. 69 - 75)
 
* [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415700108?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0415700108 Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide] (pp. 69 - 75)
 
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*[[40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册)]] (p. 140)[http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&linkCode=as2&tag=allset-20 →buy]
  
 
[[Category:Content words]]
 
[[Category:Content words]]
 
[[Category:Parts of speech]]
 
[[Category:Parts of speech]]

Latest revision as of 06:30, 22 November 2020

Also known as: modal verb, 助动词 (zhùdòngcí), 情态动词 (qíngtài dòngcí) and 能愿动词 (néngyuàn dòngcí).

Auxiliary verbs are "helping" verbs that come before main verbs and help express a tone or mood. (The word "modal" comes from "mood.") In English, auxiliary verbs include words like "should," "will," and "can," which all change something about the situation and the speaker's attitude. Auxiliary verbs express capability, possibility, necessity, obligation or willingness.

Characteristics

In sentences with auxiliary verbs, the auxiliary verb is the one that gets modified. That is, if you want to negate a sentence with an auxiliary verb, put "不" before the auxiliary, not the main verb.

Also, unlike normal verbs, auxiliary verbs can't be reduplicated, nor can they take the aspect particles: 了 (le), 着 (zhe), and 过 (guo).

Finally, when you are responding to a question that uses an auxiliary verb, you reply with the auxiliary verb, not with the main verb that it modifies.

Grammar Patterns for Auxiliary Verbs

Sources and further reading