Difference between revisions of "Comparing "dui" and "duiyu""

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{{Grammar Box}}
 
{{Grammar Box}}
  
对 and 对于 maybe be confused by Chinese learners as they advance into more complex grammar. This article will help in distinguishing the the two!
+
(duì) and 对于 (duìyú) maybe be confused by Chinese learners as they advance into more complex grammar. This article will help in distinguishing the the two!
  
== same as prep. ==
+
== Same as prep. ==
 
 
When 对 and 对于 are used as [[propositions]], they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于!
 
  
 +
When 对 and 对于 are used as [[prepositions]], they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于!
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
对/对于 + 动作对象 + Verb
+
对/对于 + 动作对象 + Verb
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
 +
 +
The example sentence pairs below mean the same thing.
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
 +
 
* <em>对于</em> 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?
 
* <em>对于</em> 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?
* <em>对</em> 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?
+
* <em>对</em> 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?<span class="trans">As for this kind of thing, what's your perspective?</span>
 +
 
 
* 我 <em>对于</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。
 
* 我 <em>对于</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。
* 我 <em>对</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。
+
* 我 <em>对</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。<span class="trans">I've never liked or disliked Shanghai.</span>
 +
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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对 can be placed before the subject, after the subject, or after the adverb. 对于 in the middle of a sentence can only be placed after the adverb.  
 
对 can be placed before the subject, after the subject, or after the adverb. 对于 in the middle of a sentence can only be placed after the adverb.  
 
  
 
=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* <em>对</em> 这 个 问题,<strong>我们</strong> 都 很 感兴趣。
+
 
* <em>对于</em> 这 个 问题,<strong>我们</strong> 都 很 感兴趣。
+
<ul>
</div>
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<li class="o"><em>对</em> 这 个 问题,<strong>我们</strong> 都 很 感兴趣。</li>
<div class="liju">
+
<li class="o"><em>对于</em> 这 个 问题,<strong>我们</strong> 都 很 感兴趣。</li>
*<strong> 我们</strong> <em>对</em> 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
+
</ul>
* <strong>我们</strong> <em>对于</em> 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
+
 
</div>
+
<ul>
<div class="liju">
+
<li class="o"><strong> 我们</strong> <em>对</em> 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。</li>
* 我们 <strong>都</strong> <em></em> 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。
+
<li class="o"><strong>我们</strong> <em>对于</em> 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
 
 +
<ul>
 +
<li class="o">我们 <strong>都</strong> <em>对</em> 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。</li>
 +
<li class="x">我们 <strong>都</strong> <em>对于</em> 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
All of the above examples mean "We are all interested in this problem."
  
 
== 对 can be used as a verb ==
 
== 对 can be used as a verb ==
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subject + 对着/对上/对不上
+
Subj. + 对着/对上/对不上
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 枪口 不 要 <em>对着</em> 人。
+
* 枪口 不 要 <em>对着</em> 人。<span class="trans">Don't point the gun at people.</span>
* 我 喜欢 <em>对着</em> 镜子 笑。
+
* 我 喜欢 <em>对着</em> 镜子 笑。<span class="trans">I like to laugh at the mirror.</span>
* 这 两 本 账 <em>对不上</em>。
+
* 这 两 本 账 <em>对不上</em>。<span class="trans">These two accounts don't match up.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
=== As a verb meaning "to treat"===
 
=== As a verb meaning "to treat"===
  
对 as a verb can also mean to 对待, meaning "to treat". When the verb is like this, 对 can be used for people or abstract things.  
+
对 as a verb can also mean to 对待, meaning "to treat." When the verb is like this, 对 can be used for people or abstract things.  
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
A+ 对 + B + Adjective
+
A + 对 + B + Adj.
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 我 的 男 朋友 <em>对</em> 我 很 好。
+
* 我 的 男 朋友 <em>对</em> 我 很 好。<span class="trans">My boyfriend treats me very well.</span>
* 他 <em>对</em> 工作 很 认真。
+
* 他 <em>对</em> 工作 很 认真。<span class="trans">He treats his work very seriously.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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</ul>
 
</ul>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
 
== Example Dialog ==
 
== Example Dialog ==
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* A: <em>对于</em> 这 件 事,你 怎么 看?
+
* A: <em>对于</em> 这 件 事,你 怎么 看?<span class="trans">What do you think about this?</span>
* B: 我 <em>对</em> 她 很 了解,她 不 会 这么 做 的。
+
* B: 我 <em>对</em> 她 很 了解,她 不 会 这么 做 的。<span class="trans">I understand her completely. She can't do it like this.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
  
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
*[[对外汉语教学语法释疑201例]] (对 vs 对于 p.204) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
+
 
 +
{{Source|对外汉语教学语法释疑201例|81}}
 +
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|463}}
 +
{{Source|卓越汉语-公司实战篇|134}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (对 p.343, 对于 p.344) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
 
  
 +
{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|343, 344}}
  
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
{{Basic Grammar|对|B1|对 vs 对于|<em>对于</em> 这 件 事,你 怎么 看?我 <em>对</em> 她 很 了解,她 不 会 这么 做 的。|grammar point|ASG3JELV}}
+
{{Basic Grammar|对|B2|对 vs. 对于|<em>对</em> 她 很 了解 ,她 不 会 这么 做 的 。|grammar point|ASG3JELV}}
 
{{Rel char|对于}}
 
{{Rel char|对于}}
 +
{{Rel char|于}}
 
{{Used for|Describing things}}
 
{{Used for|Describing things}}
 
{{Used for|Describing people}}
 
{{Used for|Describing people}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
{{Comparison}}
+
{{Similar|Using "dui" with verbs}}
 +
{{Similar|Comparing "guanyu" "duiyu" and "zhiyu"}}
 +
{{Similar|Comparing "guanyu" and "duiyu"}}
 +
{{Comparison|Prepositions}}

Revision as of 07:47, 13 March 2019

对 (duì) and 对于 (duìyú) maybe be confused by Chinese learners as they advance into more complex grammar. This article will help in distinguishing the the two!

Same as prep.

When 对 and 对于 are used as prepositions, they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于!

Structure

对/对于 + 动作对象 + Verb

Examples

The example sentence pairs below mean the same thing.

  • 对于 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?
  • 这 种 事情,你 有 什么 看法?As for this kind of thing, what's your perspective?
  • 对于 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。
  • 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。I've never liked or disliked Shanghai.

对 can be placed in more parts of the sentence

对 can be placed before the subject, after the subject, or after the adverb. 对于 in the middle of a sentence can only be placed after the adverb.

Examples

  • 这 个 问题,我们 都 很 感兴趣。
  • 对于 这 个 问题,我们 都 很 感兴趣。
  • 我们 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
  • 我们 对于 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
  • 我们 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。
  • 我们 对于 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。

All of the above examples mean "We are all interested in this problem."

对 can be used as a verb

As a verb meaning "direction"

When 对 is used as a verb, it expresses the meaning of direction or purpose. It is often used in a verb phrase, like 对着, 对上, 对不上.


Subj. + 对着/对上/对不上

Examples

  • 枪口 不 要 对着 人。Don't point the gun at people.
  • 我 喜欢 对着 镜子 笑。I like to laugh at the mirror.
  • 这 两 本 账 对不上These two accounts don't match up.

As a verb meaning "to treat"

对 as a verb can also mean to 对待, meaning "to treat." When the verb is like this, 对 can be used for people or abstract things.

A + 对 + B + Adj.

Examples

  • 我 的 男 朋友 我 很 好。My boyfriend treats me very well.
  • 工作 很 认真。He treats his work very seriously.

Examples of right and wrong sentences

  • 我们都对于这个问题很感兴趣。
  • 我们都这个问题很感兴趣。
  • 对于 工作 很 认真。
  • 工作 很 认真。

Example Dialog

  • A: 对于 这 件 事,你 怎么 看?What do you think about this?
  • B: 我 她 很 了解,她 不 会 这么 做 的。I understand her completely. She can't do it like this.

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

HSK5