Difference between revisions of "Comparing "fan'er" and “xiangfan""

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{{Grammar Box}}
 
{{Grammar Box}}
 
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反而 (fǎn'ér) is an [[adverb]], while 相反 (xiāngfǎn) is an [[adjective]] and also a [[conjunction]], and this determines how they are used grammatically.
The differences between 反而 (fǎn'ér) and 相反 (xiāngfǎn) are pretty clear. 反而 is an [[adverb]], while 相反 is an [[adjective]] and also a [[连词]], and this determines how they are used grammatically.
 
  
 
== Position in a Sentence ==
 
== Position in a Sentence ==
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
 
A,相反,B
 
A,相反,B
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
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A,反而 B
A,反而B
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 这 个 方法 对 来说 没用,<em>相反</em>,对 我 有用。<span class="trans">According to him, this method isn't useful, but for me, I think it is.</span>
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* 这样 做 帮 不了 <em>相反</em>,还 会 害 了 他。<span class="pinyin">Zhèyàng zuò bāng bùliǎo tā, <em>xiāngfǎn</em>, hái huì hài le tā.</span><span class="trans">This won't help him. On the contrary, it will harm him.</span>
* 这样 做 不但 帮 不了 他,<em>反而</em> 会 害 了 他。<span class="trans">.</span>
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* 这样 做 不但 帮 不了 他,<em>反而</em> 会 害 了 他。<span class="pinyin">Zhèyàng zuò bùdàn bāng bùliǎo tā, <em>fǎn'ér</em> huì hài le tā.</span><span class="trans">Not only will this not help him, on the contrary it will harm him.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
expectation,相反,non-expectation
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 +
Situation,相反,The Opposite of the Situation
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</div>
 
</div>
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
expectation,反而 + opposite of expectation
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Expectation,反而 + The Opposite of Expectation
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 好 好 工作 就 会 升职,<em>相反</em>,不 好 好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。<span class="trans">In a good job, you can move up the ranks, but in a bad job, you can't.</span>
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* 老板 没有 生气,<em>反而</em> 让 我 提 更 多 的 建议。<span class="trans">The boss didn't get angry. Instead, he gave me a lot of suggestions.</span>
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* 好好 工作 就 会 升职,<em>相反</em>,不 好好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。<span class="pinyin">Hǎo hǎo gōngzuò jiù huì shēng zhí, <em>xiāngfǎn</em>, bù hǎohāo gōngzuò shì bù huì shēng zhí de.</span><span class="trans">If you work hard, you will be promoted. Contrarily, you will not be promoted if you don't work hard.</span>
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* 老板 没有 生气,<em>反而</em> 表扬 我。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn méiyǒu shēngqì, <em>fǎn'ér</em> biǎoyáng le wǒ.</span><span class="trans">The boss isn't angry. On the contrary, he praised me.</span>
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* 老板 没有 生气,<em>相反</em>,他 还 表扬 了 我。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn méiyǒu shēngqì, <em>xiāngfǎn</em>, tā hái biǎoyáng le wǒ.</span><span class="trans">The boss isn't angry. Actually, he praised me.</span>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
相反 + 的 + Noun.
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相反 + 的 + Noun
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 这 是 两 个 完全 <em>相反</em> 的 结果。<span class="trans">These are two completely opposite results.</span>
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* 这 是 两 个 完全 <em>相反</em> 的 结果。<span class="pinyin">Zhè shì liǎng gè wánquán <em>xiāngfǎn</em> de jiéguǒ.</span><span class="trans">These are two completely opposite results.</span>
* 你 应该 朝 <em>相反</em>的 方向 走。<span class="trans">You should go down a different path.</span>
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* 你 应该 朝 <em>相反</em>的 方向 走。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yīnggāi cháo <em>xiāngfǎn</em> de fāngxiàng zǒu.</span><span class="trans">You should go down a different path.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
== 相反 can be the predicate ==
 
== 相反 can be the predicate ==
  
相反, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence. Sometimes you can also say 正好相反.
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相反, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence.  
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
Subject + 相反
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Subj. + 相反
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 +
A 和 / 跟 B + 是 + 相反的
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">These two art pieces have completely different forms.</span>
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* 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 <em>相反</em>。<span class="pinyin">Zhè liǎng zhǒng yìshù de biǎoxiàn xíngshì <em>xiāngfǎn</em>.</span><span class="trans">These two art pieces have completely different forms.</span>
* 我们 的 看法 是 <em>相反</em> 的。<span class="trans">Our perspectives are not the same.</span>
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* 我们 的 看法 是 <em>相反</em> 的。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen de kànfǎ shì <em>xiāngfǎn</em> de.</span><span class="trans">Our perspectives are not the same.</span>
* 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.</span>
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* 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn de xiǎngfǎ gēn wǒ de <em>xiāngfǎn</em>.</span><span class="trans">The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.</span>
* 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The views of today are different from what they were in the past.</span>
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* 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="pinyin">Xiànzài de guānniàn hé yǐqián de <em>xiāngfǎn</em>.</span><span class="trans">The views of today are different from what they were in the past.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
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== See Also ==
== See also ==
 
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
  
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
*[[对外汉语教学语法释疑201例]] (相反 vs 反而 p.184) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语八百词(增订本)]] (反而p.199 相反p.574) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语虚词例释]] (反而p.172 相反p.504)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[卓越汉语-公司实战篇]] (pp. 19-20) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1 →buy]
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 +
{{Source|HSK Standard Course 4下|24}}
 +
{{Source|对外汉语教学语法释疑201例|184}}
 +
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|199, 574}}
 +
{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|172, 504}}
 +
{{Source|卓越汉语-公司实战篇|19-20}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (相反p.1484 反而p.377) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
+
{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|1484, 377}}
  
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
{{Basic Grammar|反而|B2|反而 vs 相反|吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处,<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。|grammar point|ASGFNS52}}
+
{{HSK|HSK4}}
 +
{{Basic Grammar|反而|C1|反而 vs 相反|吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处,<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。|grammar point|ASGFNS52}}
 
{{Rel char|相反}}
 
{{Rel char|相反}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
 
{{Comparison|Separate Functions}}
 
{{Comparison|Separate Functions}}

Latest revision as of 07:01, 11 December 2020

Chinese-grammar-wiki-faner.jpg

反而 (fǎn'ér) is an adverb, while 相反 (xiāngfǎn) is an adjective and also a conjunction, and this determines how they are used grammatically.

Position in a Sentence

Structure

相反 normally starts a sentence, and when used should be followed with a comma. As an adverb, 反而 is not so set apart from the rest of the sentence, and should not be followed by a comma.

A,相反,B

A,反而 B

Examples

  • 这样 做 帮 不了 他 ,相反,还 会 害 了 他。Zhèyàng zuò bāng bùliǎo tā, xiāngfǎn, hái huì hài le tā.This won't help him. On the contrary, it will harm him.
  • 这样 做 不但 帮 不了 他,反而 会 害 了 他。Zhèyàng zuò bùdàn bāng bùliǎo tā, fǎn'ér huì hài le tā.Not only will this not help him, on the contrary it will harm him.

Differences in Meaning

反而 is used in the context of the speaker expecting some kind of turning point. 相反 is for similar things that have a different aspect. 反而 conveys that the difference between what was expected and what actually happened was quite large. 相反 isn't as strong.

Structure

Situation,相反,The Opposite of the Situation

Expectation,反而 + The Opposite of Expectation

Examples

  • 好好 工作 就 会 升职,相反,不 好好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。Hǎo hǎo gōngzuò jiù huì shēng zhí, xiāngfǎn, bù hǎohāo gōngzuò shì bù huì shēng zhí de.If you work hard, you will be promoted. Contrarily, you will not be promoted if you don't work hard.
  • 老板 没有 生气,反而 表扬 了 我。Lǎobǎn méiyǒu shēngqì, fǎn'ér biǎoyáng le wǒ.The boss isn't angry. On the contrary, he praised me.
  • 老板 没有 生气,相反,他 还 表扬 了 我。Lǎobǎn méiyǒu shēngqì, xiāngfǎn, tā hái biǎoyáng le wǒ.The boss isn't angry. Actually, he praised me.

相反 can act as an attribute

相反 is an adjective, and of course it can also be an attribute. Just make sure to add a 的 after it. 反而 cannot be used this way.

Structure

相反 + 的 + Noun

Examples

  • 这 是 两 个 完全 相反 的 结果。Zhè shì liǎng gè wánquán xiāngfǎn de jiéguǒ.These are two completely opposite results.
  • 你 应该 朝 相反的 方向 走。Nǐ yīnggāi cháo xiāngfǎn de fāngxiàng zǒu.You should go down a different path.

相反 can be the predicate

相反, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence.

Structure

Subj. + 相反

A 和 / 跟 B + 是 + 相反的

Examples

  • 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 相反Zhè liǎng zhǒng yìshù de biǎoxiàn xíngshì xiāngfǎn.These two art pieces have completely different forms.
  • 我们 的 看法 是 相反 的。Wǒmen de kànfǎ shì xiāngfǎn de.Our perspectives are not the same.
  • 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 相反Lǎobǎn de xiǎngfǎ gēn wǒ de xiāngfǎn.The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.
  • 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 相反Xiànzài de guānniàn hé yǐqián de xiāngfǎn.The views of today are different from what they were in the past.

See Also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries