Difference between revisions of "Expressing "in the end" with "jiujing""

 
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{{Grammar Box}}  
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
  
When someone asks you "what on earth are you doing?," "究竟 (jiūjìng)" is used by the speaker to intensify the question. In this case, 究竟 is similar to [[Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"|到底]].  
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When someone asks you "what on earth are you doing?," "究竟 (jiūjìng)" is used by the speaker to intensify the question. In this case, 究竟 is similar to [[Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"|到底]], but a bit more formal.
  
Note that 究竟 is more formal than 到底.
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== Using 究竟 in Questions ==
  
== Using 究竟 in a question ==
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=== Using 究竟 in Targeted Questions===
  
=== Using 究竟 in a special question===
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These questions are aimed at finding out a specific piece of info, such as a name or time.
  
 
==== Structure ====
 
==== Structure ====
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<div class="liju">   
 
<div class="liju">   
  
*这 个 人 <em>究竟</em> 是 谁?<span class="trans">Who on earth is this guy?</span>
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*这 个 人 <em>究竟</em> 是 谁?<span class="pinyin">Zhège rén <em>jiūjìng</em> shì shéi?</span><span class="trans">Who on earth is this guy?</span>
*你 <em>究竟</em> 是 做 什么 的?<span class="trans">What exactly do you do?</span>
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*你 <em>究竟</em> 是 做 什么 的?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>jiūjìng</em> shì zuò shénme de?</span><span class="trans">What exactly is it that you do?</span>
*他们 <em>究竟</em> 什么 时候 到?<span class="trans">When exactly are they arriving?</span>
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*他们 <em>究竟</em> 什么 时候 到?<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>jiūjìng</em> shénme shíhou dào?</span><span class="trans">When exactly are they arriving?</span>
*我们 <em>究竟</em> 还 要 等 多久?<span class="trans">How much longer do we still need to wait?</span>
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*我们 <em>究竟</em> 还 要 等 多久?<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>jiūjìng</em> hái yào děng duōjiǔ?</span><span class="trans">How much longer do we still need to wait?</span>
*你们 <em>究竟</em> 想 让 我 怎么 做?<span class="trans">What on earth do you want me to do?</span>
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*你们 <em>究竟</em> 想 让 我 怎么 做?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>jiūjìng</em> xiǎng ràng wǒ zěnme zuò?</span><span class="trans">What on earth do you want me to do?</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
=== Using 究竟 in a yes / no question ===
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=== Using 究竟 in Yes/No Questions ===
  
 
==== Structure ====
 
==== Structure ====
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
究竟+Verb+没 / 不+Verb
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究竟 + Verb + 没 / 不 + Verb
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="liju">   
 
<div class="liju">   
  
*你 <em>究竟</em> 来 不 来?<span class="trans">Are you coming or not?</span>
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*你 <em>究竟</em> 来 不 来?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>jiūjìng</em> lái bu lái?</span><span class="trans">Are you coming or not?</span>
*你们 <em>究竟</em>  能 不 能 帮 我?<span class="trans">Can you guys help me or not?</span>
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*你们 <em>究竟</em>  能 不 能 帮 我?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>jiūjìng</em> néng bu néng bāng wǒ?</span><span class="trans">Can you guys help me or not?</span>
*她 <em>究竟</em> 是 不 是 你 女朋友?<span class="trans">So, is she your girlfriend or not?</span>
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*她 <em>究竟</em> 是 不 是 你 女朋友?<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>jiūjìng</em> shì bu shì nǐ nǚpéngyou?</span><span class="trans">So, is she your girlfriend or not?</span>
*你 <em>究竟</em> 喜 不 喜欢 我?<span class="trans">So, do you like me or not?</span>
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*你 <em>究竟</em> 喜 不 喜欢 我?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>jiūjìng</em> xǐ bu xǐhuan wǒ?</span><span class="trans">So, do you like me or not?</span>
*经理 <em>究竟</em> 同 不 同意?<span class="trans">Does the manager agree or not?</span>
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*经理 <em>究竟</em> 同 不 同意?<span class="pinyin">Jīnglǐ <em>jiūjìng</em> tóng bu tóngyì?</span><span class="trans">Did the manager agree or not?</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
== Using 究竟 in an affirmative sentence ==
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== Using 究竟 in Affirmative Sentences ==
  
究竟 can be used with 是 for an emphasis on a fact, which is similar to [[Expressing "after all" with "bijing"|毕竟]], meaning "after all."  
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究竟 can also be used with 是 for an emphasis of a fact, which is similar to [[Expressing "after all" with "bijing"|毕竟]], meaning "after all."  
 
   
 
   
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
A+究竟 + 是+ A,……
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Fact + 究竟 + 是 + Fact,……
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="liju">   
 
<div class="liju">   
  
*孩子 <em>究竟</em> 是 孩子,总是 想 着 怎么 玩。<span class="trans">Kids are kids after all. They always think about how to have fun.</span>
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*孩子 <em>究竟</em> 是 孩子,总是 想 着 怎么 玩。<span class="pinyin">Háizi <em>jiūjìng</em> shì háizi, zǒng shì xiǎng zhe zěnme wán.</span><span class="trans">Kids are kids after all, always thinking about how to have fun.</span>
*上海 <em>究竟</em> 是 上海,生活 成本 就 是 高。<span class="trans">Shanghai is Shanghai after all. The living expense here is high.</span>
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*上海 <em>究竟</em> 是 上海,生活 成本 就是 高。<span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi <em>jiūjìng</em> shì Shànghǎi, shēnghuó chéngběn jiùshì gāo.</span><span class="trans">Shanghai is Shanghai after all. The living expenses here are just high.</span>
*年轻 人 <em>究竟</em> 是 年轻 人,精力 真 好。<span class="trans">Young people are young people after all. Their are so energetic.</span>
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*年轻 人 <em>究竟</em> 是 年轻 人,精力 真 好。<span class="pinyin">Niánqīng rén <em>jiūjìng</em> shì niánqīng rén, jīnglì zhēn hǎo.</span><span class="trans">Young people are young, after all. They are so full of energy.</span>
*生意 人 <em>究竟</em> 是 生意 人,对 他们 来说,赚钱 是 最 重要 的 。<span class="trans">Businessman is businessman after all. The most important thing to them is making money.</span>
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*生意人 <em>究竟</em> 是 生意人,对 他们 来说,赚钱 是 最 重要 的 。<span class="pinyin">Shēngyìrén <em>jiūjìng</em> shì shēngyìrén, duì tāmen lái shuō, zhuànqián shì zuì zhòngyào de.</span><span class="trans">Businessmen are businessmen, after all. The most important thing to them is making money.</span>
*家人 <em>究竟</em> 是 家人,也许 你 不 喜欢 他们,但 你 还是 会 爱 他们。<span class="trans">Family are family after all. You may not like them, but you will still love them.</span>
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*家人 <em>究竟</em> 是 家人,也许 你 不 喜欢 他们,但 你 还是 会 爱 他们。<span class="pinyin">Jiārén <em>jiūjìng</em> shì jiārén, yěxǔ nǐ bù xǐhuan tāmen, dàn nǐ háishì huì ài tāmen.</span><span class="trans">Family is family, after all. You may not like them, but you still love them.</span>
 
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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* [[Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"]]
 
* [[Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"]]
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 +
 +
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/chinese/how-to-use-the-adverb-%E7%A9%B6%E7%AB%9F/ How to Use the Adverb 究竟?] (Transparent Language Chinese Blog)
  
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
 +
{{Source|HSK Standard Course 4下|132}}
 
{{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|130-3}}
 
{{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|130-3}}
 
{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|19-20}}  
 
{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|19-20}}  
  
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
 +
{{HSK|HSK4}}
 
{{Basic Grammar|究竟|B2|究竟|你 <em>究竟</em> 喜 不 喜欢 我?|grammar point|ASGDK0BR}}
 
{{Basic Grammar|究竟|B2|究竟|你 <em>究竟</em> 喜 不 喜欢 我?|grammar point|ASGDK0BR}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "After All" with "bijing"}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "After All" with "bijing"}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}

Latest revision as of 03:22, 18 August 2021

When someone asks you "what on earth are you doing?," "究竟 (jiūjìng)" is used by the speaker to intensify the question. In this case, 究竟 is similar to 到底, but a bit more formal.

Using 究竟 in Questions

Using 究竟 in Targeted Questions

These questions are aimed at finding out a specific piece of info, such as a name or time.

Structure

究竟 + Question Word

Examples

  • 这 个 人 究竟 是 谁?Zhège rén jiūjìng shì shéi?Who on earth is this guy?
  • 究竟 是 做 什么 的?jiūjìng shì zuò shénme de?What exactly is it that you do?
  • 他们 究竟 什么 时候 到?Tāmen jiūjìng shénme shíhou dào?When exactly are they arriving?
  • 我们 究竟 还 要 等 多久?Wǒmen jiūjìng hái yào děng duōjiǔ?How much longer do we still need to wait?
  • 你们 究竟 想 让 我 怎么 做?Nǐmen jiūjìng xiǎng ràng wǒ zěnme zuò?What on earth do you want me to do?

Using 究竟 in Yes/No Questions

Structure

究竟 + Verb + 没 / 不 + Verb

Examples

  • 究竟 来 不 来?jiūjìng lái bu lái?Are you coming or not?
  • 你们 究竟 能 不 能 帮 我?Nǐmen jiūjìng néng bu néng bāng wǒ?Can you guys help me or not?
  • 究竟 是 不 是 你 女朋友?jiūjìng shì bu shì nǐ nǚpéngyou?So, is she your girlfriend or not?
  • 究竟 喜 不 喜欢 我?jiūjìng xǐ bu xǐhuan wǒ?So, do you like me or not?
  • 经理 究竟 同 不 同意?Jīnglǐ jiūjìng tóng bu tóngyì?Did the manager agree or not?

Using 究竟 in Affirmative Sentences

究竟 can also be used with 是 for an emphasis of a fact, which is similar to 毕竟, meaning "after all."

Structure

Fact + 究竟 + 是 + Fact,……

Examples

  • 孩子 究竟 是 孩子,总是 想 着 怎么 玩。Háizi jiūjìng shì háizi, zǒng shì xiǎng zhe zěnme wán.Kids are kids after all, always thinking about how to have fun.
  • 上海 究竟 是 上海,生活 成本 就是 高。Shànghǎi jiūjìng shì Shànghǎi, shēnghuó chéngběn jiùshì gāo.Shanghai is Shanghai after all. The living expenses here are just high.
  • 年轻 人 究竟 是 年轻 人,精力 真 好。Niánqīng rén jiūjìng shì niánqīng rén, jīnglì zhēn hǎo.Young people are young, after all. They are so full of energy.
  • 生意人 究竟 是 生意人,对 他们 来说,赚钱 是 最 重要 的 。Shēngyìrén jiūjìng shì shēngyìrén, duì tāmen lái shuō, zhuànqián shì zuì zhòngyào de.Businessmen are businessmen, after all. The most important thing to them is making money.
  • 家人 究竟 是 家人,也许 你 不 喜欢 他们,但 你 还是 会 爱 他们。Jiārén jiūjìng shì jiārén, yěxǔ nǐ bù xǐhuan tāmen, dàn nǐ háishì huì ài tāmen.Family is family, after all. You may not like them, but you still love them.

See Also

Sources and further reading

Books