Difference between revisions of "Expressing actions in progress (full form)"

Line 28: Line 28:
  
 
*我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèngzài</em> chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèngzài</em> chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*我 <em>正</em> 吃 <em>着</em> 饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chī <em>zhe</em> fàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*我 <em>正</em> 吃 <strong>着</strong> 饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chī <strong>zhe</strong> fàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*我 吃饭 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm eating now.</span>
 
*我 吃饭 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm eating now.</span>
  
Line 36: Line 36:
  
 
*他 <em>正在</em> 上厕所 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>zhèngzài</em> shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*他 <em>正在</em> 上厕所 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>zhèngzài</em> shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*他 <em>正</em> <em>着</em> 厕所<strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>zhèng</em> shàng <em>zhe</em> cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*他 <em>正</em> <strong>着</strong> 厕所<strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>zhèng</em> shàng <strong>zhe</strong> cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*他 上厕所 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Tā shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He's using the bathroom now.</span>
 
*他 上厕所 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Tā shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He's using the bathroom now.</span>
  
Line 44: Line 44:
  
 
*我们 <em>正在</em>上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zhèngzài</em> shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*我们 <em>正在</em>上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zhèngzài</em> shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*我们 上 <em>着</em> 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng <em>zhe</em> Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*我们 上 <strong>着</strong> 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng <strong>zhe</strong> Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*我们 上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">We're having a Chinese lesson now.</span>
 
*我们 上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">We're having a Chinese lesson now.</span>
  
Line 52: Line 52:
  
 
*爷爷 <em>正在</em> 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye <em>zhèngzài</em> kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*爷爷 <em>正在</em> 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye <em>zhèngzài</em> kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*爷爷 看 <em>着</em> 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn <em>zhe</em> bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*爷爷 看 <strong>着</strong> 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn <strong>zhe</strong> bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*爷爷 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">Grandpa is reading newspapers now.</span>
 
*爷爷 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">Grandpa is reading newspapers now.</span>
  
Line 60: Line 60:
  
 
*老板 <em>正在</em> 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèngzài</em> kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
 
*老板 <em>正在</em> 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèngzài</em> kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
*老板 <em>正</em> 开 <em>着</em>会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèng</em> kāi <em>zhe</em> huì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
+
*老板 <em>正</em> 开 <strong>着</strong> 会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèng</em> kāi <strong>zhe</strong> huì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
 
*老板 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.</span>
 
*老板 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.</span>
  

Revision as of 03:29, 27 December 2017

You may have learned that 在 (zài) and 正在 (zhèngzài) can be used before verbs to express that an action is ongoing or in progress. They are used to create the Mandarin equivalent of present continuous in English. But that pattern is actually a part of a longer, fuller pattern. It's rarely used in its full form, but bits and pieces of it are frequently used in everyday speech, so it's important to know the full form, even if you don't use it regularly yourself.

Structure

Subj. + 正在 / 正 / 在 + Verb + 呢

If it's a Separable verb, you need to put the 着 between the verb and the object, or you can just leave 着 out.

Subj. (+ 正) + Verb + 着 + Obj. + 呢

or

Subj. + Verb-Obj. + 呢

It's important to remember that virtually every part of the above pattern is optional, so you're going to see all sorts of variations of it (and rarely the full form). The most common variation is just the "在 + V" pattern that you probably already learned long ago. Another common variation is "正 + V" pattern.

Examples

  • 正在 吃饭 zhèngzài chīfàn ne.
  • Wǒ chī zhe fàn ne.
  • 我 吃饭 Wǒ chīfàn ne.I'm eating now.
  • 正在 上厕所 zhèngzài shàng cèsuǒ ne.
  • 厕所zhèng shàng zhe cèsuǒ ne.
  • 他 上厕所 Tā shàng cèsuǒ ne.He's using the bathroom now.
  • 我们 正在上 汉语 课 Wǒmen zhèngzài shàng Hànyǔ kè ne.
  • 我们 上 汉语 课 Wǒmen shàng zhe Hànyǔ kè ne.
  • 我们 上 汉语 课 Wǒmen shàng Hànyǔ kè ne.We're having a Chinese lesson now.
  • 爷爷 正在 看 报纸 Yéye zhèngzài kàn bàozhǐ ne.
  • 爷爷 看 报纸 Yéye kàn zhe bàozhǐ ne.
  • 爷爷 看 报纸 Yéye kàn bàozhǐ ne.Grandpa is reading newspapers now.
  • 老板 正在 开会 ,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn zhèngzài kāihuì ne, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.
  • 老板 ,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn zhèng kāi zhe huì ne, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.
  • 老板 开会 ,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn kāihuì ne, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites