Difference between revisions of "Expressing actions in progress (full form)"

 
(18 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 14: Line 14:
 
Subj. (+ 正) + Verb + 着 + Obj. + 呢
 
Subj. (+ 正) + Verb + 着 + Obj. + 呢
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
or
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Line 29: Line 27:
 
*我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèngzài</em> chīfàn.</span>
 
*我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèngzài</em> chīfàn.</span>
 
*我 <em>正</em> 吃 <strong>着</strong> 饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèng</em> chī <strong>zhe</strong> fàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
 
*我 <em>正</em> 吃 <strong>着</strong> 饭 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhèng</em> chī <strong>zhe</strong> fàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*我 吃饭 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm eating now.</span>
+
*我 吃 饭 <strong>呢</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chīfàn <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm eating now.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 35: Line 33:
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*<em>正在</em> 上厕所 。<span class="pinyin"><em>zhèngzài</em> shàng cèsuǒ.</span>
+
*爷爷 <em>正在</em> 看 报纸 ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye <em>zhèngzài</em> kàn bàozhǐ, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
*<em>在</em> 上 厕所<strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin"><em>zhèng</em> shàng <strong>zhe</strong> cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*爷爷 <em>在</em> 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye <em>zài</em> kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
*他 上 <strong>着</strong> 厕所 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shàng <strong>zhe</strong> cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He's using the bathroom now.</span>
+
*爷爷 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span><span class="trans">Grandpa is reading newspapers now. Don't disturb him.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 43: Line 41:
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*我们 <em>正在</em> 上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zhèngzài</em> shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*<em></em> 上厕所 。<span class="pinyin"><em>zài</em> shàng cèsuǒ.</span>
*我们 <em>正</em> 上 <strong>着</strong> 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zhèng</em> shàng <strong>zhe</strong> Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
+
*<em>正</em> 上 厕所<strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin"><em>zhèng</em> shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*我们 <em>在</em> 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng <strong>zhe</strong> Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">We're having a Chinese lesson now.</span>
+
*厕所 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">shàng cèsuǒ <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He's using the bathroom now.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 51: Line 49:
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*爷爷 <em>正在</em> 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye <em>zhèngzài</em> kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
+
*我们 <em></em> 上 汉语 课 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zài</em> shàng Hànyǔ kè.</span>
*爷爷 看 <strong></strong> 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn <strong>zhe</strong> bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
+
*我们 <em></em> 上 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zhèng</em> shàng Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span>
*爷爷 看 报纸 <strong>呢</strong> ,别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn bàozhǐ <strong>ne</strong>, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span><span class="trans">Grandpa is reading newspapers now. Don't disturb him.</span>
+
*我们 上 <strong>着</strong> 汉语 课 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng <strong>zhe</strong> Hànyǔ kè <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">We're having a Chinese lesson now.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 59: Line 57:
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*老板 <em>正在</em> 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèngzài</em> kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
+
*老板 <em></em> 开会,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zài</em> kāihuì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
*老板 <em>正</em> 开 <strong>着</strong> 会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèng</em> kāi <strong>zhe</strong> huì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
+
*老板 <em>正</em> 开 <strong>着</strong> 会 ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>zhèng</em> kāi <strong>zhe</strong> huì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
*老板 开会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn kāihuì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.</span>
+
*老板 开 <strong>着</strong> 会 <strong>呢</strong> ,不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn kāi <strong>zhe</strong> huì <strong>ne</strong>, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 86: Line 84:
  
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 
+
{{HSK|HSK0}}
 
{{Basic Grammar|正在|B1|正在 + Verb + 着 + 呢|我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 <em>呢</em> 。|grammar point|ASGEYQ9O}}
 
{{Basic Grammar|正在|B1|正在 + Verb + 着 + 呢|我 <em>正在</em> 吃饭 <em>呢</em> 。|grammar point|ASGEYQ9O}}
 
{{Rel char|正}}
 
{{Rel char|正}}
Line 92: Line 90:
 
{{Rel char|着}}
 
{{Rel char|着}}
 
{{Rel char|呢}}
 
{{Rel char|呢}}
 +
{{Similar|Modal particle "ne"}}
 
{{Similar|Aspect particle "zhe"}}
 
{{Similar|Aspect particle "zhe"}}
 
{{Similar|Alternative existential sentences}}
 
{{Similar|Alternative existential sentences}}
Line 97: Line 96:
 
{{Similar|Expressing actions in progress}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing actions in progress}}
 
{{Used for|Referring to the present }}
 
{{Used for|Referring to the present }}
{{POS|Verb phrases}}
+
{{POS|Verbs}}
 +
{{Subprop|Verb phrases}}

Latest revision as of 06:41, 23 May 2019

You may have learned that 在 (zài) and 正在 (zhèngzài) can be used before verbs to express that an action is ongoing or in progress. They are used to create the Mandarin equivalent of present continuous in English. But that pattern is actually a part of a longer, fuller pattern. It's rarely used in its full form, but bits and pieces of it are frequently used in everyday speech, so it's important to know the full form, even if you don't use it regularly yourself.

Structure

Subj. + 正在 / 正 / 在 + Verb + 呢

If it's a Separable verb, you need to put the 着 between the verb and the object, or you can just leave 着 out.

Subj. (+ 正) + Verb + 着 + Obj. + 呢

Subj. + Verb + Obj. + 呢

It's important to remember that virtually every part of the above pattern is optional, so you're going to see all sorts of variations of it (and rarely the full form). The most common variation is just the "在 + V" pattern that you probably already learned long ago. Another common variation is "正 + V" pattern.

Examples

  • 正在 吃饭 。zhèngzài chīfàn.
  • zhèng chī zhe fàn ne.
  • 我 吃 饭 Wǒ chīfàn ne.I'm eating now.
  • 爷爷 正在 看 报纸 ,别 打扰 他 。Yéye zhèngzài kàn bàozhǐ, bié dǎrǎo tā.
  • 爷爷 看 报纸 ,别 打扰 他 。Yéye zài kàn bàozhǐ ne, bié dǎrǎo tā.
  • 爷爷 看 报纸 ,别 打扰 他 。Yéye kàn bàozhǐ ne, bié dǎrǎo tā.Grandpa is reading newspapers now. Don't disturb him.
  • 上厕所 。zài shàng cèsuǒ.
  • 上 厕所zhèng shàng cèsuǒ ne.
  • 他 上 厕所 Tā shàng cèsuǒ ne.He's using the bathroom now.
  • 我们 上 汉语 课 。Wǒmen zài shàng Hànyǔ kè.
  • 我们 上 汉语 课 Wǒmen zhèng shàng Hànyǔ kè ne.
  • 我们 上 汉语 课 Wǒmen shàng zhe Hànyǔ kè ne.We're having a Chinese lesson now.
  • 老板 开会,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn zài kāihuì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.
  • 老板 会 ,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn zhèng kāi zhe huì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.
  • 老板 开 ,不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn kāi zhe huì ne, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites