Difference between revisions of "Expressing duration with "le""

m (Text replacement - "wǎnshàng" to "wǎnshang")
Line 22: Line 22:
  
 
* 他 学 了 <em>一 年</em> 中文。<span class="pinyin">Tā xué le <em>yī nián</em> Zhōngwén. </span> <span class="trans">He studied Chinese for a year. </span>
 
* 他 学 了 <em>一 年</em> 中文。<span class="pinyin">Tā xué le <em>yī nián</em> Zhōngwén. </span> <span class="trans">He studied Chinese for a year. </span>
* 我 看 了 <em> 一 个 晚上</em> 书。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ  kàn le <em> yī gè wǎnshàng</em>  shū. </span> <span class="trans">I read books all evening. </span>
+
* 我 看 了 <em> 一 个 晚上</em> 书。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ  kàn le <em> yī gè wǎnshang</em>  shū. </span> <span class="trans">I read books all evening. </span>
 
* 妈妈 看 了 <em>一 天</em> 电视。<span class="pinyin">Māma kàn le <em>yī tiān</em> diànshì. </span> <span class="trans">Mom watched TV all day. </span>
 
* 妈妈 看 了 <em>一 天</em> 电视。<span class="pinyin">Māma kàn le <em>yī tiān</em> diànshì. </span> <span class="trans">Mom watched TV all day. </span>
 
* 他 在 Google 做 了 <em>八 年</em> 经理。 <span class="pinyin">Tā zài Google zuò le <em>bā nián</em> jīnglǐ. </span> <span class="trans">He worked as a manager at Google for eight years. </span>
 
* 他 在 Google 做 了 <em>八 年</em> 经理。 <span class="pinyin">Tā zài Google zuò le <em>bā nián</em> jīnglǐ. </span> <span class="trans">He worked as a manager at Google for eight years. </span>
Line 48: Line 48:
 
* 昨天 他 写 了 <em> 一 天</em> 作业。<span class="pinyin">Zuótiān tā xiě le <em>yī tiān</em> zuòyè. </span> <span class="trans"> He did his homework all day yesterday. </span>
 
* 昨天 他 写 了 <em> 一 天</em> 作业。<span class="pinyin">Zuótiān tā xiě le <em>yī tiān</em> zuòyè. </span> <span class="trans"> He did his homework all day yesterday. </span>
 
* 我 刚才 打 了 <em>半 个 小时</em> 电话。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gāngcái dǎ le <em>bàn gè xiǎoshí</em> diànhuà. </span> <span class="trans">I was on the phone for half an hour. </span>
 
* 我 刚才 打 了 <em>半 个 小时</em> 电话。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gāngcái dǎ le <em>bàn gè xiǎoshí</em> diànhuà. </span> <span class="trans">I was on the phone for half an hour. </span>
* 他 今天 喝 了 <em>一 个 晚上</em> 酒。 <span class="pinyin">Tā jīntiān hē le <em>yī gè wǎnshàng</em> jiǔ.</span> <span class="trans">He drank alcohol all night. </span>
+
* 他 今天 喝 了 <em>一 个 晚上</em> 酒。 <span class="pinyin">Tā jīntiān hē le <em>yī gè wǎnshang</em> jiǔ.</span> <span class="trans">He drank alcohol all night. </span>
 
* 我 昨天 玩 了 <em> 一 个 下午</em> 游戏。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuótiān wán le <em>yī gè xiàwǔ</em> yóuxì. </span> <span class="trans">Yesterday, I played games all afternoon. </span>
 
* 我 昨天 玩 了 <em> 一 个 下午</em> 游戏。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuótiān wán le <em>yī gè xiàwǔ</em> yóuxì. </span> <span class="trans">Yesterday, I played games all afternoon. </span>
 
* 上 个 周末 我 和 老公 开 了 <em>三 个 小时</em> 车 回 老家。<span class="pinyin">Shàng gè zhōumò wǒ hé lǎogōng kāi le <em>sān gè xiǎoshí</em> chē huí lǎojiā. </span> <span class="trans">Last weekend, my husband and I drove three hours to our hometown. </span>
 
* 上 个 周末 我 和 老公 开 了 <em>三 个 小时</em> 车 回 老家。<span class="pinyin">Shàng gè zhōumò wǒ hé lǎogōng kāi le <em>sān gè xiǎoshí</em> chē huí lǎojiā. </span> <span class="trans">Last weekend, my husband and I drove three hours to our hometown. </span>

Revision as of 06:52, 14 February 2017

Whether you need to express how long you lived somewhere, how long you studied astrophysics, or how long you worked as a mime, you'll need to use 了 (le) to express that time duration.

Basic Expression

Structure

Saying how long you did something for in Chinese can seem tricky, as there is no preposition as in English. Instead it's all about word order:

Subj. + Verb + 了 + Duration + Obj.

So 了 (le) is placed after the verb (to indicate that the action is completed), followed by the duration. This is how you talk about the duration of completed actions.

Examples

  • 他 学 了 一 年 中文。Tā xué le yī nián Zhōngwén. He studied Chinese for a year.
  • 我 看 了 一 个 晚上 书。Wǒ kàn le yī gè wǎnshang shū. I read books all evening.
  • 妈妈 看 了 一 天 电视。Māma kàn le yī tiān diànshì. Mom watched TV all day.
  • 他 在 Google 做 了 八 年 经理。 Tā zài Google zuò le bā nián jīnglǐ. He worked as a manager at Google for eight years.
  • 我们 坐 了 十五 个 小时 飞机 去 美国。Wǒmen zuò le shíwǔ gè xiǎoshí fēijī qù Měiguó. We took a fifteen hour flight to the United States.


To Express "Definitely Completed"

Structure

Note that the pattern before can be used to express the duration of completed actions which are no longer in progress, although strictly speaking, it's not entirely clear if the actions are still ongoing or not. To indicate that the actions are definitely completed, a time word may be inserted into the sentence to indicate that you're talking about an event in the past:

Subj. + [Time Word] + Verb + 了 + Duration + Obj.

Examples

  • 昨天 他 写 了 一 天 作业。Zuótiān tā xiě le yī tiān zuòyè. He did his homework all day yesterday.
  • 我 刚才 打 了 半 个 小时 电话。 Wǒ gāngcái dǎ le bàn gè xiǎoshí diànhuà. I was on the phone for half an hour.
  • 他 今天 喝 了 一 个 晚上 酒。 Tā jīntiān hē le yī gè wǎnshang jiǔ. He drank alcohol all night.
  • 我 昨天 玩 了 一 个 下午 游戏。Wǒ zuótiān wán le yī gè xiàwǔ yóuxì. Yesterday, I played games all afternoon.
  • 上 个 周末 我 和 老公 开 了 三 个 小时 车 回 老家。Shàng gè zhōumò wǒ hé lǎogōng kāi le sān gè xiǎoshí chē huí lǎojiā. Last weekend, my husband and I drove three hours to our hometown.

To indicate that the action is definitely still in progress, use a slightly different pattern.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books