Expressing possession with "de"

In Chinese, possession is marked with the particle 的 (de). This particle works in a similar way to 's (apostrophe s) in English, but is used much more widely.

Structure

Noun 1 + 的 + Noun 2

This means "Noun 1's Noun 2" (where Noun 2 belongs to Noun 1).

The structure is super simple. It will take a bit of time before you realize how truly universal this pattern is. It doesn't matter whether the "Noun 1" is a person, place, or thing, or even if it's a pronoun (like "he," "she," or "it"). The structure stays consistent.

Examples

• 我 的 老师 my teacher
• 你 的 啤酒 your beer
• 他 的 书 his book
• 他们 的 东西 their stuff
• 小李 的 手机 Xiao Li's cell phone
• 我们 的 茶our tea
• 我 家 的 小狗my family's puppy
• 公司 的 老板the company's boss
• 上海 的 美女Shanghai's beautiful women
• 美女 的 朋友the beautiful woman's friend

See also

• Expressing close possession
• Modifying nouns with adjective + de
• Modifying nouns with phrase + de

Sources and further reading

• Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (p. 45) →buy
• New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1) (p. 87) →buy
• New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)(2nd ed) (pp. 101-2) →buy
• New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (新实用汉语课本2) (pp. 64-5) →buy