HSK 1 grammar points with CEFR
"HSK 2" is the second level of the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK). This pages shows the exact CEFR Level equivalent of each HSK 2 grammar point (instead of "Examples") for easy comparison between the two systems.
There are 79 total HSK 2 grammar points in the list below. You may also want to refer to our HSK 2 Standard Course textbook index page.
Parts of Speech
These following grammar points fit pretty neatly into one part of speech category.
Adverbs
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Continuation with "hai" | Subj. + 还 + Verb Phrase / Adj. | B1 |
| Emphasis with "jiushi" | 就是 + Verb | B1 |
| Emphasizing quantity with "dou" | 大家 / 很多人 + 都⋯⋯ | A2 |
| Expressing "about to" with "jiuyao" | 还有 + Time Period + 就要 + Verb Phrase + 了 | B1 |
| Expressing "again" in the future with "zai" | 再 + Verb | B1 |
| Expressing "already" with "dou" | 都 + Time + 了 | B1 |
| Expressing "already" with "yijing" | 已经⋯⋯了 | A2 |
| Expressing "and also" with "hai" | 还 + Verb | A2 |
| Expressing earliness with "jiu" | Subj. + Time + 就 + Verb + 了 | B1 |
| Expressing "then" with "jiu" | 就 + Verb Phrase | A2 |
| Negative commands with "bie" | 别 + Verb | A2 |
Adverbs with Adjectives
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Asking about degree with "duo" | Subj. + 多 + Adj. ? | A2 |
| Expressing "a little too" with "you dian" | 有点(儿) + Adj. | A2 |
| Expressing distance with "li" | Place 1 + 离 + Place 2 + Adv. + 近 / 远 | A2 |
| Expressing "even more" with "geng" | 更 + Adj. | A2 |
| Expressing "really" with "zhen" | 真 + Adj. | A2 |
| Moderating positive adjectives with "hai" | 还 + Adj. | A2 |
| Modifying nouns with phrase + "de" | Phrase + 的 + Noun | A2 |
| Superlative "zui" | 最 + Adj. (+ 了) | A2 |
Conjunctions
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| The filler word "neige" | ⋯⋯那个⋯⋯ | A2 |
Measure Words
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Reduplication of measure words | MW + MW | B1 |
Nouns
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "when" with "de shihou" | ⋯⋯的时候 | A2 |
Numbers
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Indicating a number in excess | Number + 多 | B1 |
Numbers and Measure Words
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Using "ji" to mean "several" | 几 + Measure Word + Noun | A2 |
Particles
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Aspect particle "zhe" | Verb + 着 | B1 |
| Conceding with "ba" | ⋯⋯吧 | A2 |
| Expressing "already" with just "le" | Subj. + Verb Phrase + 了 | A2 |
| Expressing experiences with "guo" | Verb + 过 | A2 |
| Modal particle "ne" | ⋯⋯呢 ? | A2 |
| Using "guo" with "le" | Verb + 过 + 了 | A2 |
Prepositions
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Basic comparisons with "bi" | Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adj. | A2 |
| Expressing "for" with "gei" | Subj. + 给 + Recipient + Verb Phrase | B1 |
| Expressing "from… to…" with "cong… dao…" | 从⋯⋯到⋯⋯ | A2 |
| Expressing "toward" with "wang" | 往 + Direction Word | B1 |
| Using "dui" with verbs | Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb | B1 |
Verbs
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Using the verb "xing" | 姓 + Surname | A1 |
Auxiliary verbs
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Auxiliary verb "yao" and its multiple meanings | 要 + Noun / 要 + Verb | A2 |
| Expressing "be going to" with "yao" | Subj. + 要 + Verb (+ 了) | A1 |
| Expressing permission with "keyi" | 可以 + Verb | A1 |
| Wanting to do something with "yao" | 要 + Verb | A1 |
Verb phrases
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Actions in a row | (Verb Phrase 1) + (Verb Phrase 2) | A2 |
| Expressing "together" with "yiqi" | 一起 + Verb | A2 |
| Measure words for verbs | Verb + Number + Measure Word | B1 |
| Negative commands with "buyao" | 不要 + Verb | A1 |
| Reduplication of verbs | Verb + Verb | A2 |
| Special cases of "zai" following verbs | Verb + 在 + Place | A2 |
| Using "dao" to mean "to go to" | 到 + Place | A2 |
| Using "hao" to mean "easy" | 好 + Verb | A2 |
| Verbing briefly with "yixia" | Verb + 一下 | A2 |
| Verbs followed by "gei" | Subj. + Verb + 给 + Recipient + Obj. | B1 |
| Verbs preceded by "gei" | Subj. + 给 + Target + Verb + Obj. | B1 |
| Verbs that take double objects | Subj. + Verb + Indirect Obj. + Direct Obj. | A2 |
Grammatical Structures
These are grammatical structures that do not correspond to one particular part of speech.
Complements
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Degree complement | Verb + 得⋯⋯ | B1 |
| Potential complement "-bu dong" for not understanding | Verb + 不懂 | A2 |
| Result complements | Verb + 好 / 完 / 错 | B1 |
| Result complements "-dao" and "-jian" | Verb + 到 / 见 | A2 |
| Result complement "-wan" for finishing | Verb + 完 (+ 了) | A2 |
Numbers and Measure Words
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "every" with "mei" | 每 + Measure Word (+ Noun) | A2 |
| Measure words for counting | Number + Measure Word + Noun | A2 |
| Measure words with "this" and "that" | 这 / 那 + Measure Word (+ Noun) | A2 |
| Ordinal numbers with "di" | 第 + Number (+ Measure Word) | A2 |
Question Forms
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Affirmative-negative question | Verb + 不 + Verb / Adj. + 不 + Adj. | A1 |
| Asking why with "zenme" | 怎么⋯⋯？ | A2 |
| Simple rhetorical questions | 不 是…… 吗 ？ | B1 |
| Tag questions with "bu" | ⋯⋯是不是 / 对不对 / 好不好 ? | A1 |
| Tag questions with "ma" | ⋯⋯是吗 / 对吗 / 好吗 ? | A1 |
Sentence Patterns
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Cause and effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi" | 因为⋯⋯ 所以⋯⋯ | A2 |
| Expressing "about to happen" with "le" | 快 + Verb / Adj. + 了 | A2 |
| Expressing "everything" with "shenme dou" | 什么 + 都 / 也⋯⋯ | A2 |
| Expressing "stop doing" with "bie… le" | 别 + Verb + 了 | A2 |
| The "shi... de" construction for indicating purpose | 是⋯⋯ 的 | B1 |
| The "shi... de" patterns: an overview | 是⋯⋯ 的 | B1 |
Basic/Simple Sentence Patterns
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "every time" with "mei" and "dou" | 每次 + Event 1 + 都 + Event 2 | B1 |
Comparison Patterns
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "much more" in comparisons | Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adj. + 多了 | B1 |
Complex Sentence Patterns
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "although" with "suiran" and "danshi" | 虽然⋯⋯ ，但是 / 可是⋯⋯ | B1 |
Comparisons of Similar Grammar Points
What's the difference between this grammar point and that grammar point? Check here.
Auxiliary verbs
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Comparing "yao" and "xiang" | 要 vs 想 | A2 |
Auxiliary Verbs
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Comparing "hui," "neng," "keyi" | 会 vs. 能 vs. 可以 | B1 |
Numbers
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | CEFR Level |
|---|---|---|
| Comparing "er" and "liang" | 二 vs 两 | A1 |
