Difference between revisions of "Modifying nouns with adjective and "de""

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#REDIRECT [[Modifying nouns with adjective + "de"]]
{{Grammar Box}} \r\nOne of the best ways to use the  common character 的(de) is to have it spice up your nouns with adjectives.\r\n== Structure with the noun==\r\nA very common way to modify nouns is to attach an adjective to them using 的 (de). \r\n<div class="jiegou">\r\nAdjective + 的 + Noun\r\n</div>\r\nThis structure comes up extremely frequently and is an easy way to attribute features to nouns. Note that if the adjective has two characters (e.g. 漂亮 or 高兴), the 的 is generally required.\r\n== Examples ==\r\n<div class="liju">\r\n* <em>红色 的</em> 气球<span class="trans">A red balloon.</span>
 
* <em>漂亮 的</em> 衣服<span class="trans">Beautiful clothes.</span>
 
* <em>好看 的</em> 书<span class="trans">A great book.</span>
 
* <em>好喝 的</em> 啤酒<span class="trans">Great-tasting beer.</span>
 
* <em>可爱 的</em> 宝宝<span class="trans">A cute baby.</span>
 
* 我 喜欢 <em>新鲜 的</em> 果汁。<span class="trans">I like fresh fruit juice.</span>
 
* 我 有 一 个 <em>很 好 的</em> 老师。<span class="trans">I have a very good teacher.</span>
 
* 爸爸 给 了 我 一 个 <em>很 旧 的</em> 手机。<span class="trans">My dad gave me a very old phone.</span>
 
* 我 家 有 一 只 <em>漂亮 的</em> 小狗。<span class="trans">My family has a pretty puppy.</span>\r\n</div>\r\n== Structure Without the noun==\r\nIn some cases, it is possible to drop the noun altogether, and just use the adjective + 的. This is another example of the [[uses of "shi... de"]], where the 是 is present because it is connecting to a noun, and the 的 is taking the place of the noun. For this usage to work, there already has to be context, so that the listener can understand what the phrase is actually referring to. Without context, there would be no way to know what the 的 meant. Often, this construction can mean "one," as in "the blue one", or as something like "mine" or "Sarah's" if the noun that precedes it possesses the noun that is being dropped. Be careful though, if there is only going to be an adjective (without a 的 and an implied noun) you can't use 是. In that case, you would [[Simple "noun + adjective" sentences|have to use 很]].\r\n==Examples==\r\n
 
<div class="liju">\r\n*A: 你 要 哪 个 气球?B:我 要 那 个<em>红色 的</em> 。<span class="trans">A: Which balloon do you want? B: I want that red one.</span>
 
*A: 你 喜欢 哪 种 女孩子?B:<em>漂亮的</em>。<span class="trans">A: What kind of girls do you like? B: Pretty ones.</span>
 
*A: 你 想 吃 什么 饼干?B:<em>甜的。</em><span class="trans">A: What cookie do you want to eat? B: A sweet one.</span>
 
*A: 你 喜欢 喝 哪 个 国家 的 啤酒?B:<em>德国 的。</em> <span class="trans">A: Which country's beer do you like to drink? B: Germany's.</span>
 
*你 是 学生?你是 <em>哪 个 学校的</em>? <span class="trans">Are you a student? Which school's student?</span>\r\n</div>\r\n==See also==\r\n*[[Modifying nouns with phrase + de]]
 
*[[Expressing possession]]\r\n== Sources and further reading ==\r\n=== Books ===\r\n* [[Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar]] (pp. 70-1) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1933330899/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=1933330899 →buy]
 
* [[Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition]] (pp. 37) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0415372615 →buy]
 
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)]] (pp. 191, 233) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276385/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276385 →buy]\r\n[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
 
{{Basic Grammar|的|A2|Adj + 的 + N|<em>好喝 的</em> 啤酒。<em>可爱 的</em> 宝宝|grammar point|ASGVUFKX}}
 
{{Similar|Modifying nouns with phrase + de}} 
 
{{Similar|Expressing possession}}
 
{{Similar|Turning adjectives into adverbs}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs with Adjectives}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing quality}}
 
{{Used for|Describing places}}
 
{{Used for|Describing things}}
 
{{Used for|Describing people}}
 

Latest revision as of 06:17, 4 September 2014