Difference between revisions of "Passive verbs with "shou""

 
(42 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Grammar Box}}
+
{{Grammar Box}}  
 +
受 (shòu) is generally thought of as a passive marker, converting the verb placed after it into the passive. Here it plays a role very similar to [[Using "bei" sentences|被]].
  
One can explain 受 in two ways, the first of which is as a passive marker, converting the verb placed after it into the passive. Here it plays a role very similar to 被. As in the first example, something or someone can be placed between 受 and the verb, 受学生的欢迎.
+
==受 as a Passive Marker==
 
 
==受 as a passive marker==
 
  
 
===Structure===
 
===Structure===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
受 + ([someone/something]) + Verb  
+
受 + (Someone / Something) + Verb  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
Line 14: Line 13:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 张老师的课 很 <em>受</em> 学生 的 <em>欢迎</em>。 <span class="trans">Teacher Zhang's lessons are welcomed by the students.</span>
+
* 张老 师 的 课 很 <em>受</em> 学生 的 <em>欢迎</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè hěn <em>shòu</em> xuéshēng de <em>huānyíng</em>.</span><span class="trans">Teacher Zhang's lessons are welcomed by the students.</span>
* 在 今天 的 中国 有钱人 很 <em>受</em> 人 <em>尊重</em>。<span class="trans">In today's China the rich are respected by people.</span>
+
* 一 个 人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 成功 才 会  <em> 受</em> 人 <em> 尊重</em>。<span class="pinyin">Yī gè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì <em>shòu</em> rén <em>zūnzhòng</em>.</span><span class="trans">A person don't have to be rich or successful to be respected.</span>
* 中国的政府很少<em>受</em>老百姓的<em>批评</em>。<span class="trans">China's government is rarely criticized by common people. </span>
+
*我 <em>受</em> 人 <em>嘱托</em> 来 给 你 送 一些 钱。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>shòu</em> rén <em>zhǔtuō</em> lái nǐ sòng yīxiē qián.</span><span class="trans">I have been asked to deliver some money to you.</span>
* <em>受</em> 冷 空气 的 <em>影响</em>,今天 上海 特别 冷。<span class="trans">Affected by the cold air, today Shanghai is especially cold.</span>
+
* 你 的 手机 昨晚 一直 打不通,我 想 应该 是 <em>受</em> 信号 <em>干扰</em>。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shǒujī zuó wǎn yīzhí dǎ butōng, wǒ xiǎng yīnggāi shì <em>shòu</em> xìn hào <em>gānrǎo</em>.</span><span class="trans">I think I couldn't get through to your cell phone last night because of signal interference.</span>
 +
* <em>受</em> 冷 空气 的 <em>影响</em>,今天 上海 特别 冷。<span class="pinyin"><em>Shòu</em> lěng kōngqì de <em>yǐngxiǎng</em>, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng.</span><span class="trans">Affected by a cold front, today Shanghai is especially cold.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
It must be noted that if is explained as a passive marker, then in the above examples 欢迎, 尊重, 批评 and 尊重 must all be treated as verbs rather than nouns, despite many of them appearing immediately after 的.  
+
It must be noted that if is explained as a passive marker, then in the above examples 欢迎, 尊重, 批评 and 尊重 must all be treated as verbs rather than nouns, despite many of them appearing immediately after 的.
  
An alternative way to explain , is as an active verb itself, meaning 'to obtain' or 'to receive' when dealing with positive aspects, or 'to suffer' when dealing with negative aspects. This explanation may be more accessible to native English speakers. However whichever grammatical explanation one uses, the meaning essentially remains the same e.g. the basic meaning of "In today's China rich people are respected by people" differs not from "In today's China rich people receive people's respect".
+
==受 as a Verb==
  
==受 as a verb==
+
An alternative way to explain , is as an active verb itself, meaning "to obtain" or "to receive" when dealing with positive aspects, or "to suffer" when dealing with negative aspects. This explanation may be more accessible to native English speakers. However whichever grammatical explanation one uses, the meaning essentially remains the same.
  
 
===Structure===
 
===Structure===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
受 + (到/过)+ ([something/someone]) + Noun/Verb  
+
(+ 到/过) + ([Something / Someone] +) Noun / Verb  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
Line 35: Line 35:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 张老师的课 很 <em></em> 学生 的 <em>欢迎</em>。<span class="trans">Teacher Zhang's lessons "receive" the students' welcome.</span>
+
 
* 在 今天 的 中国 有钱人 很 <em>受</em> 人 <em>尊重</em>。<span class="trans">In today's China rich people "receive" people's respect.</span>
+
* 张 老师 的 课 <em> 受到</em> 了 很 多 学生 的 <em> 欢迎</em>。<span class="pinyin">Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè <em>shòudào</em> le hěn duō xuéshēng de <em>huānyíng</em>.</span><span class="trans">Teacher Zhang's lessons received many students' approval.</span>
* 中国的政府很少<em></em>老百姓的<em>批评</em>。<span class="trans">China's government rarely "suffers" the common people's criticism.</span>
+
* 一 个 人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 成功 才 会  <em> 受</em> 人 <em> 尊重</em>。<span class="pinyin">Yī gè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì <em>shòu</em> rén <em>zūnzhòng</em>.</span><span class="trans">A person doesn't have to be rich or successful to receive respect from other people.</span>
* <em>受</em> 冷 空气 的 <em>影响</em>,今天 上海 特别 冷。<span class="trans">"Suffering" the cold air's effect, today Shanghai is especially cold.</span>
+
* 我 父母 都 没 <em>受过</em> <em> 很 好 的 教育</em>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ fùmǔ dōu méi <em>shòu guo</em> <em>hěn hǎo de jiàoyù</em>.</span><span class="trans">Neither of my parents has received a very good education.</span>
 +
* 我 在 美国 的 第一年 ,<em>受到</em> <em> 很 多 朋友 的 帮助</em>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài Měiguó de dì-yī nián, <em>shòudào</em> le <em>hěn duō péngyou de bāngzhù</em>.</span><span class="trans">The first year I was in the USA, I received a lot of help from many friends.</span>
 +
* 拐卖 孩子 的 人 应该 <em>受到</em> <em> 法律 的 严惩</em>。<span class="pinyin">Guǎimài háizi de rén yīnggāi <em>shòudào</em> <em>fǎlǜ de yánchéng</em>.</span><span class="trans">People who traffic kids should suffer severe punishment from the law.</span>
 +
* <em>受</em> 冷 空气 的 <em>影响</em>,今天 上海 特别 冷。<span class="pinyin"><em>Shòu</em> lěng kōngqì de <em>yǐngxiǎng</em>, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng.</span><span class="trans">"Suffering" from the influence of a cold front, today Shanghai is especially cold.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
Line 50: Line 53:
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)]] (pp. 61-2) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561913192/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561913192 →buy]
+
{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|61-2}}
* [[现代汉语八百词]] (p.505) [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
+
{{Source|现代汉语八百词|505}}
*[[卓越汉语-公司实战篇]] (p. 35) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1 →buy]
+
{{Source|卓越汉语-公司实战篇|35}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
  
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (pp. 1259)
+
{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|1259}}
[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
 
  
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category: Verbs]]
 
[[Category: Verbs]]
{{Basic Grammar|受|B2|受 + V|他 为 人 善良 , 很 <em>受</em> 尊重 。|grammar point|ASG1DXUD}}
+
{{Basic Grammar|受|B2|受 + Verb|他 为 人 善良 , 很 <em>受</em> 尊重 。|grammar point|ASG1DXUD}}
 
{{Similar|Bei sentence}}
 
{{Similar|Bei sentence}}
 
{{POS|Verbs}}
 
{{POS|Verbs}}

Latest revision as of 06:16, 29 December 2020

受 (shòu) is generally thought of as a passive marker, converting the verb placed after it into the passive. Here it plays a role very similar to .

受 as a Passive Marker

Structure

受 + (Someone / Something) + Verb

Examples

  • 张老 师 的 课 很 学生 的 欢迎Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè hěn shòu xuéshēng de huānyíng.Teacher Zhang's lessons are welcomed by the students.
  • 一 个 人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 很 成功 才 会 尊重Yī gè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì shòu rén zūnzhòng.A person don't have to be rich or successful to be respected.
  • 嘱托 来 给 你 送 一些 钱。shòu rén zhǔtuō lái nǐ sòng yīxiē qián.I have been asked to deliver some money to you.
  • 你 的 手机 昨晚 一直 打不通,我 想 应该 是 信号 干扰Nǐ de shǒujī zuó wǎn yīzhí dǎ butōng, wǒ xiǎng yīnggāi shì shòu xìn hào gānrǎo.I think I couldn't get through to your cell phone last night because of signal interference.
  • 冷 空气 的 影响,今天 上海 特别 冷。Shòu lěng kōngqì de yǐngxiǎng, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng.Affected by a cold front, today Shanghai is especially cold.

It must be noted that if 受 is explained as a passive marker, then in the above examples 欢迎, 尊重, 批评 and 尊重 must all be treated as verbs rather than nouns, despite many of them appearing immediately after 的.

受 as a Verb

An alternative way to explain 受, is as an active verb itself, meaning "to obtain" or "to receive" when dealing with positive aspects, or "to suffer" when dealing with negative aspects. This explanation may be more accessible to native English speakers. However whichever grammatical explanation one uses, the meaning essentially remains the same.

Structure

受 (+ 到/过) + ([Something / Someone] +) Noun / Verb

Examples

  • 张 老师 的 课 受到 了 很 多 学生 的 欢迎Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè shòudào le hěn duō xuéshēng de huānyíng.Teacher Zhang's lessons received many students' approval.
  • 一 个 人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 很 成功 才 会 尊重Yī gè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì shòu rén zūnzhòng.A person doesn't have to be rich or successful to receive respect from other people.
  • 我 父母 都 没 受过 很 好 的 教育Wǒ fùmǔ dōu méi shòu guo hěn hǎo de jiàoyù.Neither of my parents has received a very good education.
  • 我 在 美国 的 第一年 ,受到 很 多 朋友 的 帮助Wǒ zài Měiguó de dì-yī nián, shòudào le hěn duō péngyou de bāngzhù.The first year I was in the USA, I received a lot of help from many friends.
  • 拐卖 孩子 的 人 应该 受到 法律 的 严惩Guǎimài háizi de rén yīnggāi shòudào fǎlǜ de yánchéng.People who traffic kids should suffer severe punishment from the law.
  • 冷 空气 的 影响,今天 上海 特别 冷。Shòu lěng kōngqì de yǐngxiǎng, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng."Suffering" from the influence of a cold front, today Shanghai is especially cold.

It must be noted that on the occasions when 受 is followed immediately by 到 or 过,it is preferable to consider 受 as a verb.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

HSK5