Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"

Revision as of 07:17, 20 October 2016 by Salisbuj (talk | contribs)

The word 再 (zài) actually has a lot of uses, beyond just "again." "先⋯⋯, 再⋯⋯" (xiān⋯⋯, zài⋯⋯) is a pattern used for sequencing events, much like "First⋯⋯, then⋯⋯" in English. This pattern can also include "然后" (ránhòu) meaning "and after that."

General Usage of 先……再……

In the pattern below, 再 has a meaning of "then" or "and then."

Structure

先 + [Event 1] + 再 + [Event 2]

Examples

  • 我 会 洗 手, 吃 晚饭。Wǒ huì xiān xǐ shǒu, zài chī wǎnfàn.I'll first wash my hands, then eat dinner.
  • 她 要 吃 早饭, 去 学校。Tā yào xiān chī zǎofàn, zài qù xuéxiào.First she's going to eat breakfast, then she'll go to school.
  • 我 喜欢 洗澡, 睡觉。Wǒ xǐhuan xiān xǐzǎo, zài shuìjiào.I prefer to take a bath before I go to bed.

Using 再说

You may have learned that "再说" can mean "in addition." Well, this usage of 再 is a more literal combination of 再 + 说, fitting into the 先……再…… pattern.

So in this usage, 再说 doesn't really mean "in addition." Rather, it most literally means "and then we'll talk." In other words, "let's just do this now," and then after we see the result, we can talk some more about next steps. There's kind of a "let's see how this goes first" feeling to the expression.

Structure

Note that in the pattern below, the sentence normally ends with 再说.

先 + [Event 1] + 再说

Examples

  • 吃饭 再说Xiān chīfàn zàishuō.Let's eat first, then we'll talk.
  • 让 他 把 工作 做完再说Xiān ràng tā bǎ gōngzuò zuò wán zàishuō.Let him finish his work first, and then we'll talk.
  • 跟我 父母 商量一下再说xiān gēn wǒ fùmǔ shāngliang yīxià zàishuō.I'm going to talk to my parents first, then we can talk.
  • 我们 休息 一下 再说Wǒmen xiān xiūxi yīxià zàishuō.Let's rest a little first, then talk.
  • 你们 讨论 一下 再说Nǐmen xiān tǎolùn yīxià zàishuō.You guys discuss a little first, then we'll talk.

Sources and further reading

Books