Difference between revisions of "Structure of dates"

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{{Grammar Box}}  
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
  
Dates in Chinese follow the order "year, month, day." This is in keeping with the larger "from big to small" trend in Chinese culture.
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Dates in Chinese follow the order "year, month, day." This is in keeping with the "from big to small" trend which pervades many facets of Chinese culture.
  
=== Structure ===
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== Structure ==
  
 
Dates are arranged from largest unit to smallest: ''year, month, day''.
 
Dates are arranged from largest unit to smallest: ''year, month, day''.
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
x 年 y 月 z 日
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x 年 + y 月 + z 日
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
So April 1st, 2013 is <strong>2013</strong>年<strong>4</strong>月<strong>1</strong>日. (<strong>Èr-líng-yī-sān</strong> nián <strong></strong>yuè <strong>yī</strong> rì)
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So April 1st, 2019 is <strong>2019</strong>年<strong>4</strong>月<strong>1</strong>日 (<strong>èr-líng-yī-jiǔ</strong> nián <strong></strong>yuè <strong>yī</strong> rì).
  
Note that 号 (hào) is commonly used in ''spoken'' Mandarin instead of 日 (rì): <Strong>2013</strong>年<strong>4</strong>月<strong>1</strong>号. (<Strong>èr-líng-yī-sān </strong>nián <strong>sì</strong>yuè <strong>yī </strong> hào.)  In written Chinese, however, you will see 日 (rì) rather than 号 (hào).
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Note that 号 (hào) is commonly used in ''spoken'' Mandarin instead of 日 (rì):  
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
x 年 y 月 z 号
+
x 年 + y 月 + z 号
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
=== Examples ===
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The above example becomes: <strong>2019</strong>年<strong>4</strong>月<strong>1</strong>号 (<strong>èr-líng-yī-jiǔ</strong> nián <strong>Sì</strong>yuè <strong>yī</strong> hào). In written Chinese, however, you will see 日 (rì) rather than 号 (hào).
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 +
== Examples ==
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
* 1868 <em>年</em> 1 <em>月</em> 18 <em>号</em><span class="pinyin">Yī-bā-liù-bā <em>nián</em> Yī<em>yuè</em> shí-bā <em>hào</em></span><span class="trans">January 18, 1868</span>
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* 1868 <em>年</em> 1 <em>月</em> 18 <em>号</em><span class="pinyin">Yī-bā-liù-bā <em>nián</em> Yī<em>yuè</em> shíbā <em>hào</em></span><span class="trans">January 18, 1868</span>
 
* 1910 <em>年</em> 8 <em>月</em> 9 <em>号</em><span class="pinyin">Yī-jiǔ-yī-líng <em>nián</em> Bā<em>yuè</em> jiǔ <em>hào</em></span><span class="trans">August 9, 1910</span>
 
* 1910 <em>年</em> 8 <em>月</em> 9 <em>号</em><span class="pinyin">Yī-jiǔ-yī-líng <em>nián</em> Bā<em>yuè</em> jiǔ <em>hào</em></span><span class="trans">August 9, 1910</span>
* 2001 <em>年</em> 7 <em>月</em> 20 <em>日</em><span class="pinyin">Èr-líng-líng-yī <em>nián</em> Qī<em>yuè</em> èrshí <em>rì</em></span><span class="trans">July 20th, 2001</span>
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* 2001 <em>年</em> 7 <em>月</em> 20 <em>日</em><span class="pinyin">èr-líng-líng-yī <em>nián</em> Qī<em>yuè</em> èrshí <em>rì</em></span><span class="trans">July 20th, 2001</span>
 
* 1 <em>月</em> 1 <em>日</em> 是 新年。<span class="pinyin">Yī<em>yuè</em> yī <em>rì</em> shì Xīnnián.</span><span class="trans">January 1st is New Year's Day.</span>
 
* 1 <em>月</em> 1 <em>日</em> 是 新年。<span class="pinyin">Yī<em>yuè</em> yī <em>rì</em> shì Xīnnián.</span><span class="trans">January 1st is New Year's Day.</span>
* 12 <em>月</em> 24 <em>日</em> 是 平安夜。<span class="pinyin">Shí'èr<em>yuè</em> èrshí-sì <em>rì</em> shì Píng'ān Yè.</span><span class="trans">December 24th is Christmas Eve.</span>
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* 12 <em>月</em> 24 <em>日</em> 是 平安夜。<span class="pinyin">Shí-èr<em>yuè</em> èrshí-sì <em>rì</em> shì Píng'ān Yè.</span><span class="trans">December 24th is Christmas Eve.</span>
 
* 10 <em>月</em> 1 <em>号</em> 我们 去 上海。<span class="pinyin">Shí<em>yuè</em> yī <em>hào</em> wǒmen qù Shànghǎi.</span><span class="trans">We will go to Shanghai on October 1st.</span>
 
* 10 <em>月</em> 1 <em>号</em> 我们 去 上海。<span class="pinyin">Shí<em>yuè</em> yī <em>hào</em> wǒmen qù Shànghǎi.</span><span class="trans">We will go to Shanghai on October 1st.</span>
* 我 1990 <em>年</em> 7 <em>月</em> 出生。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ -jiǔ-jiǔ-líng <em>nián</em> Qī<em>yuè</em> chūshēng.</span><span class="trans">I was born in July 1990.</span>
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* 我 1990 <em>年</em> 7 <em>月</em> 出生。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ -jiǔ-jiǔ-líng <em>nián</em> Qī<em>yuè</em> chūshēng.</span><span class="trans">I was born in July 1990.</span>
* 你 的 生日 是 11 <em>月</em> 11 <em>号</em>吗?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shēngrì shì Shíyī<em>yuè</em> shí-yī <em>hào</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">Is your birthday November 11th?</span>
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* 你 的 生日 是 11 <em>月</em> 11 <em>号</em>吗?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shēngrì shì Shíyī<em>yuè</em> shíyī <em>hào</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">Is your birthday November 11th?</span>
* 我 2006 <em>年</em> 4 <em>月</em> 17 <em>号</em> 认识 了 他。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ èr-líng-líng-liù <em>nián</em> Sì<em>yuè</em> shí-qī <em>hào</em> rènshí le tā.</span><span class="trans">I met him on April 17, 2006.</span>
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* 我 2006 <em>年</em> 4 <em>月</em> 17 <em>号</em> 认识 了 他。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ èr-líng-líng-liù <em>nián</em> Sì<em>yuè</em> shíqī <em>hào</em> rènshi le tā.</span><span class="trans">I met him on April 17, 2006.</span>
 
* 1980 <em>年</em> 9 <em>月</em> 4 <em>号</em> 我们 结婚 了。<span class="pinyin">Yī-jiǔ-bā-líng <em>nián</em> Jiǔ<em>yuè</em> sì <em>hào</em> wǒmen jiéhūn le.</span><span class="trans">We got married on September 4th, 1980.</span>
 
* 1980 <em>年</em> 9 <em>月</em> 4 <em>号</em> 我们 结婚 了。<span class="pinyin">Yī-jiǔ-bā-líng <em>nián</em> Jiǔ<em>yuè</em> sì <em>hào</em> wǒmen jiéhūn le.</span><span class="trans">We got married on September 4th, 1980.</span>
  
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</div>
  
</div>
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== See Also ==
  
==See also==
 
 
*[[Structure of numbers]]
 
*[[Structure of numbers]]
 
*[[Structure of days of the week]]
 
*[[Structure of days of the week]]
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)]] (pp. 73-4) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276385/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276385 →buy]
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 1|50, 114}}
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)]] (pp. 122-3) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561910401/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561910401 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)|73-4}}
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)(2nd ed)]] (pp. 141-2) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561926235/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=7561926235 →buy]
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)|122-3}}
 +
{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)(2nd ed)|141-2}}
  
 
[[Category:A1 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:A1 grammar points]]
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{{HSK|HSK1}}{{2021-HSK|HSK1}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
{{Basic Grammar|年|A1|Number + 年 + Number + 月 + Number + 号/日|今天 是 <em>2011年 11月 11日/号</em> 。|grammar point|ASGT3KF6}}
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{{Basic Grammar|年|A1|Number + 年 + Number + 月 + Number + 日|今天 是 <em>2011年 11月 11日/号</em> 。|grammar point|ASGT3KF6}}
 
{{Rel char|月}}
 
{{Rel char|月}}
 
{{Rel char|号}}
 
{{Rel char|号}}

Latest revision as of 09:22, 20 April 2021

Dates in Chinese follow the order "year, month, day." This is in keeping with the "from big to small" trend which pervades many facets of Chinese culture.

Structure

Dates are arranged from largest unit to smallest: year, month, day.

x 年 + y 月 + z 日

So April 1st, 2019 is 201941日 (èr-líng-yī-jiǔ nián yuè rì).

Note that 号 (hào) is commonly used in spoken Mandarin instead of 日 (rì):

x 年 + y 月 + z 号

The above example becomes: 201941号 (èr-líng-yī-jiǔ nián yuè hào). In written Chinese, however, you will see 日 (rì) rather than 号 (hào).

Examples

  • 1868 1 18 Yī-bā-liù-bā niányuè shíbā hàoJanuary 18, 1868
  • 1910 8 9 Yī-jiǔ-yī-líng niányuè jiǔ hàoAugust 9, 1910
  • 2001 7 20 èr-líng-líng-yī niányuè èrshí July 20th, 2001
  • 1 1 是 新年。yuè shì Xīnnián.January 1st is New Year's Day.
  • 12 24 是 平安夜。Shí-èryuè èrshí-sì shì Píng'ān Yè.December 24th is Christmas Eve.
  • 10 1 我们 去 上海。Shíyuèhào wǒmen qù Shànghǎi.We will go to Shanghai on October 1st.
  • 我 1990 7 出生。Wǒ Yī-jiǔ-jiǔ-líng niányuè chūshēng.I was born in July 1990.
  • 你 的 生日 是 11 11 吗?Nǐ de shēngrì shì Shíyīyuè shíyī hào ma?Is your birthday November 11th?
  • 我 2006 4 17 认识 了 他。Wǒ èr-líng-líng-liù niányuè shíqī hào rènshi le tā.I met him on April 17, 2006.
  • 1980 9 4 我们 结婚 了。Yī-jiǔ-bā-líng nián Jiǔyuèhào wǒmen jiéhūn le.We got married on September 4th, 1980.

See Also

Sources and further reading

Books