Difference between revisions of "Using "because" with "er" to indicate effect"

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因为⋯⋯,而⋯⋯(yīnwèi...ér...) is another structure that can express cause and effect. It is used like this:
因为...而...(yīnwèi...ér...) is another structure that can express cause and effect. It is used like this:
 
  
 
== Structure ==
 
== Structure ==
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subject + 因(为) + Cause + 而 + Result
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Subj. + 因(为) + Cause + 而 + Result
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 我 <em>因为</em> 生病 <em>而</em> 请假。<span class="trans">Because I got sick, I asked for time off.</span>
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* 我 <em>因为</em> 生病 <em>而</em> 请假。<span class="pinyin>Wǒ <em>yīn wéi</em> shēngbìng <em>ér</em> qǐngjià.</span><span class="trans">Because I got sick, I asked for time off.</span>
* 欧洲 的 经济 <em>因为</em> 债务 危机 <em>而</em> 陷入 衰退。<span class="trans">Because Europe is suffering a debt crisis, it is falling into decline.</span>
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* 欧洲 的 经济 <em>因为</em> 债务 危机 <em>而</em> 陷入 衰退。<span class="pinyin>Ōuzhōu de jīngjì <em>yīnwèi</em> zhàiwù wéijī <em>ér</em> xiànrù shuāituì.</span><span class="trans">Because Europe is suffering a debt crisis, it is falling into decline.</span>
* 首相 <em>因为</em> 受贿 丑闻 <em>而</em> 下 了 台。<span class="trans">Because the prime minister accepted bribes, he fell from power.</span>
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* 首相 <em>因为</em> 受贿 丑闻 <em>而</em> 下 了 台。<span class="pinyin>Shǒuxiàng <em>yīnwèi</em> shòuhuì chǒuwén <em>ér</em> xiàle tái.</span><span class="trans">Because the prime minister accepted bribes, he fell from power.</span>
* 伦敦 地铁 <em>因</em> 罢工 <em>而</em> 处于 瘫痪 状态。<span class="trans">Because of the London Metro strike, everything shut down.</span>
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* 伦敦 地铁 <em>因</em> 罢工 <em>而</em> 处于 瘫痪 状态。<span class="pinyin>Lúndūn Dìtiě <em>yīn</em> bàgōng <em>ér</em> chǔyú tānhuàn zhuàngtài.</span><span class="trans">Because of the London Metro strike, everything shut down.</span>
 
</div>
 
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 5 (新实用汉语课本5)]] (pp. 92)  [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561914083/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561914083 →buy]
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 5 (新实用汉语课本5)|92}}
  
===Websites===
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=== Websites ===
  
 
* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0235.html Usage of 而]
 
* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0235.html Usage of 而]
  
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
{{Basic Grammar|因为|B2|因为……,而……|饭店 <em>因为</em> 物价 上涨 <em>而</em> 涨价 。|grammar point|ASGL1V0A}}
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{{Basic Grammar|因为|B2|因为⋯⋯ ,而⋯⋯|饭店 <em>因为</em> 物价 上涨 <em>而</em> 涨价 。|grammar point|ASGL1V0A}}
 
{{Rel char|而}}
 
{{Rel char|而}}
 
{{Similar|Cause and effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi"}}
 
{{Similar|Cause and effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi"}}
{{Similar|Explaining results with "suoyi"}}
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{{Similar|Expressing "as a result" with "jieguo"}}
 
{{Similar|"Since" with "jiran"}}   
 
{{Similar|"Since" with "jiran"}}   
 
{{Used for|Indicating cause and effect}}
 
{{Used for|Indicating cause and effect}}

Revision as of 18:25, 3 June 2020

因为⋯⋯,而⋯⋯(yīnwèi...ér...) is another structure that can express cause and effect. It is used like this:

Structure

Subj. + 因(为) + Cause + 而 + Result

Sometimes, 因为 can be shortened to just 因. This is used more in sentences that shorter and more succinct.

Examples

  • 因为 生病 请假。yīn wéi shēngbìng ér qǐngjià.Because I got sick, I asked for time off.
  • 欧洲 的 经济 因为 债务 危机 陷入 衰退。Ōuzhōu de jīngjì yīnwèi zhàiwù wéijī ér xiànrù shuāituì.Because Europe is suffering a debt crisis, it is falling into decline.
  • 首相 因为 受贿 丑闻 下 了 台。Shǒuxiàng yīnwèi shòuhuì chǒuwén ér xiàle tái.Because the prime minister accepted bribes, he fell from power.
  • 伦敦 地铁 罢工 处于 瘫痪 状态。Lúndūn Dìtiě yīn bàgōng ér chǔyú tānhuàn zhuàngtài.Because of the London Metro strike, everything shut down.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites

HSK5