Using "because" with "er" to indicate effect

因为⋯⋯,而⋯⋯(yīnwèi...ér...) is another structure that can express cause and effect. It is used like this:

Structure

Subj. + 因(为) + Cause + 而 + Result

Sometimes, 因为 can be shortened to just 因. This is used more in sentences that shorter and more succinct.

Examples

  • 因为 生病 请假。yīn wéi shēngbìng ér qǐngjià.Because I got sick, I asked for time off.
  • 欧洲 的 经济 因为 债务 危机 陷入 衰退。Ōuzhōu de jīngjì yīnwèi zhàiwù wéijī ér xiànrù shuāituì.Because Europe is suffering a debt crisis, it is falling into decline.
  • 首相 因为 受贿 丑闻 下 了 台。Shǒuxiàng yīnwèi shòuhuì chǒuwén ér xiàle tái.Because the prime minister accepted bribes, he fell from power.
  • 伦敦 地铁 罢工 处于 瘫痪 状态。Lúndūn Dìtiě yīn bàgōng ér chǔyú tānhuàn zhuàngtài.Because of the London Metro strike, everything shut down.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites

HSK5