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	-a-	-a	-ai	-ao	-an	-ang	-e-	-e	-ei	-en	-eng	-er	-o-	-o	-ou	-ong	-i-	-i	-i*	-ia	-iao	-ie	-iou	-ian	-iang	-in	-ing	-iong	-u-	-u	-ua	-uai	-uei	-uo	-uan	-uang	-uen	-ueng	-ü-	-ü	-üe	-üan	-ün
∅-		a a [ɑ] ㄚ a	ai ai [aɪ̯] ㄞ ai	ao ao [ɑʊ̯] ㄠ ao	an an [an] ㄢ an	ang ang [ɑŋ] ㄤ ang		e e [ɯ̯ʌ] ㄜ e	ei ei [eɪ̯] ㄟ ei	en en [ən] ㄣ en	eng eng [əŋ] ㄥ eng	er er [ɑɻ] ㄦ erh		o o [ɔ] ㄛ o	ou ou [ɤʊ̯] ㄡ ou			yi yi [i] ㄧ i		ya ya [i̯ɑ] ㄧㄚ ya	yao yao [i̯ɑʊ̯] ㄧㄠ yao	ye ye [iɛ] ㄧㄝ yeh	you you [i̯ɤʊ̯] ㄧㄡ yu	yan yan [iɛn] ㄧㄢ yan	yang yang [i̯ɑŋ] ㄧㄤ yang	yin yin [in] ㄧㄣ yin	ying ying [iŋ] ㄧㄥ ying	yong yong ㄩㄥ yung		wu wu [u] ㄨ wu	wa wa [u̯ɑ] ㄨㄚ wa	wai wai [u̯aɪ̯] ㄨㄞ wai	wei wei [u̯eɪ̯] ㄨㄟ wei	wo wo [u̯ɔ] ㄨㄛ wo	wan wan [u̯an] ㄨㄢ wan	wang wang [u̯ɑŋ] ㄨㄤ wang	wen wen [u̯ən] ㄨㄣ wen	weng weng [u̯əŋ] ㄨㄥ weng		yu yu [y] ㄩ yü	yue yue [y̯œ] ㄩㄝ yüeh	yuan yuan [y̯ɛn] ㄩㄢ yüan	yun yun [yn] ㄩㄣ yün	∅-
b-		ba ba [pɑ] ㄅㄚ pa	bai bai [paɪ̯] ㄅㄞ pai	bao bao [pɑʊ̯] ㄅㄠ pao	ban ban [pan] ㄅㄢ pan	bang bang [pɑŋ] ㄅㄤ pang			bei bei [peɪ̯] ㄅㄟ pei	ben ben [pən] ㄅㄣ pen	beng beng [pəŋ] ㄅㄥ peng			bo bo [pu̯ɔ] ㄅㄛ po				bi bi [pi] ㄅㄧ pi			biao biao [pi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄅㄧㄠ piao	bie bie [piɛ] ㄅㄧㄝ pieh		bian bian [piɛn] ㄅㄧㄢ pien		bin bin [pin] ㄅㄧㄣ pin	bing bing [piŋ] ㄅㄧㄥ ping			bu bu [pu] ㄅㄨ pu														b-
p-		pa pa [pʰɑ] ㄆㄚ p'a	pai pai [pʰaɪ̯] ㄆㄞ p'ai	pao pao [pʰɑʊ̯] ㄆㄠ p'ao	pan pan [pʰan] ㄆㄢ p'an	pang pang [pʰɑŋ] ㄆㄤ p'ang			pei pei [pʰeɪ̯] ㄆㄟ p'ei	pen pen [pʰən] ㄆㄣ p'en	peng peng [pʰəŋ] ㄆㄥ p'eng			po po [pʰu̯ɔ] ㄆㄛ p'o	pou pou [pʰɤʊ̯] ㄆㄡ p'ou			pi pi [pʰi] ㄆㄧ p'i			piao piao [pʰi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄆㄧㄠ p'iao	pie pie [pʰiɛ] ㄆㄧㄝ p'ieh		pian pian [pʰiɛn] ㄆㄧㄢ p'ien		pin pin [pʰin] ㄆㄧㄣ p'in	ping ping [pʰiŋ] ㄆㄧㄥ p'ing			pu pu [pʰu] ㄆㄨ p'u														p-
m-		ma ma [mɑ] ㄇㄚ ma	mai mai [maɪ̯] ㄇㄞ mai	mao mao [mɑʊ̯] ㄇㄠ mao	man man [man] ㄇㄢ man	mang mang [mɑŋ] ㄇㄤ mang		me me [mɯ̯ʌ] ㄇㄜ me	mei mei [meɪ̯] ㄇㄟ mei	men men [mən] ㄇㄣ men	meng meng [məŋ] ㄇㄥ meng			mo mo [mu̯ɔ] ㄇㄛ mo	mou mou [mɤʊ̯] ㄇㄡ mou			mi mi [mi] ㄇㄧ mi			miao miao [mi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄇㄧㄠ miao	mie mie [miɛ] ㄇㄧㄝ mieh	miu miu [mi̯ɤʊ̯] ㄇㄧㄡ miu	mian mian [miɛn] ㄇㄧㄢ mien		min min [min] ㄇㄧㄣ min	ming ming [miŋ] ㄇㄧㄥ ming			mu mu [mu] ㄇㄨ mu														m-
f-		fa fa [fɑ] ㄈㄚ fa			fan fan [fan] ㄈㄢ fan	fang fang [fɑŋ] ㄈㄤ fang			fei fei [feɪ̯] ㄈㄟ fei	fen fen [fən] ㄈㄣ fen	feng feng [fəŋ] ㄈㄥ feng			fo fo [fu̯ɔ] ㄈㄛ fo	fou fou [fɤʊ̯] ㄈㄡ fou															fu fu [fu] ㄈㄨ fu														f-
d-		da da [tɑ] ㄉㄚ ta	dai dai [taɪ̯] ㄉㄞ tai	dao dao [tɑʊ̯] ㄉㄠ tao	dan dan [tan] ㄉㄢ tan	dang dang [tɑŋ] ㄉㄤ tang		de de [tɯ̯ʌ] ㄉㄜ te	dei dei [teɪ̯] ㄉㄟ tei	den den [tən] ㄉㄣ ten	deng deng [təŋ] ㄉㄥ teng				dou dou [tɤʊ̯] ㄉㄡ tou	dong dong [tʊŋ] ㄉㄨㄥ tung		di di [ti] ㄉㄧ ti			diao diao [ti̯ɑʊ̯] ㄉㄧㄠ tiao	die die [tiɛ] ㄉㄧㄝ tieh	diu diu [ti̯ɤʊ̯] ㄉㄧㄡ tiu	dian dian [tiɛn] ㄉㄧㄢ tien			ding ding [tiŋ] ㄉㄧㄥ ting			du du [tu] ㄉㄨ tu			dui dui [tu̯eɪ̯] ㄉㄨㄟ tui	duo duo [tu̯ɔ] ㄉㄨㄛ to	duan duan [tu̯an] ㄉㄨㄢ tuan		dun dun [tu̯ən] ㄉㄨㄣ tun							d-
t-		ta ta [tʰɑ] ㄊㄚ t'a	tai tai [tʰaɪ̯] ㄊㄞ t'ai	tao tao [tʰɑʊ̯] ㄊㄠ t'ao	tan tan [tʰan] ㄊㄢ t'an	tang tang [tʰɑŋ] ㄊㄤ t'ang		te te [tʰɯ̯ʌ] ㄊㄜ t'e			teng teng [tʰəŋ] ㄊㄥ t'eng				tou tou [tʰɤʊ̯] ㄊㄡ t'ou	tong tong [tʰʊŋ] ㄊㄨㄥ t'ung		ti ti [tʰi] ㄊㄧ t'i			tiao tiao [tʰi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄊㄧㄠ t'iao	tie tie [tʰiɛ] ㄊㄧㄝ t'ieh		tian tian [tʰiɛn] ㄊㄧㄢ t'ien			ting ting [tʰiŋ] ㄊㄧㄥ t'ing			tu tu [tʰu] ㄊㄨ t'u			tui tui [tʰu̯eɪ̯] ㄊㄨㄟ t'ui	tuo tuo [tʰu̯ɔ] ㄊㄨㄛ t'o	tuan tuan [tʰu̯an] ㄊㄨㄢ t'uan		tun tun [tʰu̯ən] ㄊㄨㄣ t'un							t-
n-		na na [nɑ] ㄋㄚ na	nai nai [naɪ̯] ㄋㄞ nai	nao nao [nɑʊ̯] ㄋㄠ nao	nan nan [nan] ㄋㄢ nan	nang nang [nɑŋ] ㄋㄤ nang		ne ne [nɯ̯ʌ] ㄋㄜ ne	nei nei [neɪ̯] ㄋㄟ nei	nen nen [nən] ㄋㄣ nen	neng neng [nəŋ] ㄋㄥ neng				nou nou [nɤʊ̯] ㄋㄡ nou	nong nong [nʊŋ] ㄋㄨㄥ nung		ni ni [ni] ㄋㄧ ni			niao niao [ni̯ɑʊ̯] ㄋㄧㄠ niao	nie nie [niɛ] ㄋㄧㄝ nieh	niu niu [ni̯ɤʊ̯] ㄋㄧㄡ niu	nian nian [niɛn] ㄋㄧㄢ nien	niang niang [ni̯ɑŋ] ㄋㄧㄤ niang	nin nin [nin] ㄋㄧㄣ nin	ning ning [niŋ] ㄋㄧㄥ ning			nu nu [nu] ㄋㄨ nu				nuo nuo [nu̯ɔ] ㄋㄨㄛ no	nuan nuan [nu̯an] ㄋㄨㄢ nuan					nü nü [ny] ㄋㄩ nü	nüe nüe [ny̯œ] ㄋㄩㄝ nüeh			n-
l-		la la [lɑ] ㄌㄚ la	lai lai [laɪ̯] ㄌㄞ lai	lao lao [lɑʊ̯] ㄌㄠ lao	lan lan [lan] ㄌㄢ lan	lang lang [lɑŋ] ㄌㄤ lang		le le [lɯ̯ʌ] ㄌㄜ le	lei lei [leɪ̯] ㄌㄟ lei		leng leng [ləŋ] ㄌㄥ leng			lo lo [lu̯ɔ] ㄌㄛ lo	lou lou [lɤʊ̯] ㄌㄡ lou	long long [lʊŋ] ㄌㄨㄥ lung		li li [li] ㄌㄧ li		lia lia [li̯ɑ] ㄌㄧㄚ lia	liao liao [li̯ɑʊ̯] ㄌㄧㄠ liao	lie lie [liɛ] ㄌㄧㄝ lieh	liu liu [li̯ɤʊ̯] ㄌㄧㄡ liu	lian lian [liɛn] ㄌㄧㄢ lien	liang liang [li̯ɑŋ] ㄌㄧㄤ liang	lin lin [lin] ㄌㄧㄣ lin	ling ling [liŋ] ㄌㄧㄥ ling			lu lu [lu] ㄌㄨ lu				luo luo [lu̯ɔ] ㄌㄨㄛ lo	luan luan [lu̯an] ㄌㄨㄢ luan		lun lun [lu̯ən] ㄌㄨㄣ lun			lü lü [ly] ㄌㄩ lü	lüe lüe [ly̯œ] ㄌㄩㄝ lüeh			l-
z-		za za [tsɑ] ㄗㄚ tsa	zai zai [tsaɪ̯] ㄗㄞ tsai	zao zao [tsɑʊ̯] ㄗㄠ tsao	zan zan [tsan] ㄗㄢ tsan	zang zang [tsɑŋ] ㄗㄤ tsang		ze ze [tsɯ̯ʌ] ㄗㄜ tse	zei zei [tseɪ̯] ㄗㄟ tsei	zen zen [tsən] ㄗㄣ tsen	zeng zeng [tsəŋ] ㄗㄥ tseng				zou zou [tsɤʊ̯] ㄗㄡ tsou	zong zong [tsʊŋ] ㄗㄨㄥ tsung			zi zi [tsɿ] ㄗ tzu											zu zu [tsu] ㄗㄨ tsu			zui zui [tsu̯eɪ̯] ㄗㄨㄟ tsui	zuo zuo [tsu̯ɔ] ㄗㄨㄛ tso	zuan zuan [tsu̯an] ㄗㄨㄢ tsuan		zun zun [tsu̯ən] ㄗㄨㄣ tsun							z-
c-		ca ca [tsʰɑ] ㄘㄚ ts'a	cai cai [tsʰaɪ̯] ㄘㄞ ts'ai	cao cao [tsʰɑʊ̯] ㄘㄠ ts'ao	can can [tsʰan] ㄘㄢ ts'an	cang cang [tsʰɑŋ] ㄘㄤ ts'ang		ce ce [tsʰɯ̯ʌ] ㄘㄜ ts'e	cei cei [tsʰeɪ̯] ㄘㄟ ts'ei	cen cen [tsʰən] ㄘㄣ ts'en	ceng ceng [tsʰəŋ] ㄘㄥ ts'eng				cou cou [tsʰɤʊ̯] ㄘㄡ ts'ou	cong cong [tsʰʊŋ] ㄘㄨㄥ ts'ung			ci ci [tsʰɿ] ㄘ tz'u											cu cu [tsʰu] ㄘㄨ ts'u			cui cui [tsʰu̯eɪ̯] ㄘㄨㄟ ts'ui	cuo cuo [tsʰu̯ɔ] ㄘㄨㄛ ts'o	cuan cuan [tsʰu̯an] ㄘㄨㄢ ts'uan		cun cun [tsʰu̯ən] ㄘㄨㄣ ts'un							c-
s-		sa sa [sɑ] ㄙㄚ sa	sai sai [saɪ̯] ㄙㄞ sai	sao sao [sɑʊ̯] ㄙㄠ sao	san san [san] ㄙㄢ san	sang sang [sɑŋ] ㄙㄤ sang		se se [sɯ̯ʌ] ㄙㄜ se		sen sen [sən] ㄙㄣ sen	seng seng [səŋ] ㄙㄥ seng				sou sou [sɤʊ̯] ㄙㄡ sou	song song [sʊŋ] ㄙㄨㄥ sung			si si [sɿ] ㄙ ssu											su su [su] ㄙㄨ su			sui sui [su̯eɪ̯] ㄙㄨㄟ sui	suo suo [su̯ɔ] ㄙㄨㄛ so	suan suan [su̯an] ㄙㄨㄢ suan		sun sun [su̯ən] ㄙㄨㄣ sun							s-
zh-		zha zha [tʂɑ] ㄓㄚ cha	zhai zhai [tʂaɪ̯] ㄓㄞ chai	zhao zhao [tʂɑʊ̯] ㄓㄠ chao	zhan zhan [tʂan] ㄓㄢ chan	zhang zhang [tʂɑŋ] ㄓㄤ chang		zhe zhe [tʂɯ̯ʌ] ㄓㄜ che	zhei zhei [tʂeɪ̯] ㄓㄟ chei	zhen zhen [tʂən] ㄓㄣ chen	zheng zheng [tʂəŋ] ㄓㄥ cheng				zhou zhou [tʂɤʊ̯] ㄓㄡ chou	zhong zhong [tʂʊŋ] ㄓㄨㄥ chung			zhi zhi [tʂʅ] ㄓ chih											zhu zhu [tʂu] ㄓㄨ chu	zhua zhua [tʂu̯ɑ] ㄓㄨㄚ chua	zhuai zhuai [tʂu̯aɪ̯] ㄓㄨㄞ chuai	zhui zhui [tʂu̯eɪ̯] ㄓㄨㄟ chui	zhuo zhuo [tʂu̯ɔ] ㄓㄨㄛ cho	zhuan zhuan [tʂu̯an] ㄓㄨㄢ chuan	zhuang zhuang [tʂ̯u̯ɑŋ] ㄓㄨㄤ chuang	zhun zhun [tʂu̯ən] ㄓㄨㄣ chun							zh-
ch-		cha cha [tʂʰɑ] ㄔㄚ ch'a	chai chai [tʂʰaɪ̯] ㄔㄞ ch'ai	chao chao [tʂʰɑʊ̯] ㄔㄠ ch'ao	chan chan [tʂʰan] ㄔㄢ ch'an	chang chang [tʂʰɑŋ] ㄔㄤ ch'ang		che che [tʂʰɯ̯ʌ] ㄔㄜ ch'e		chen chen [tʂʰən] ㄔㄣ ch'en	cheng cheng [tʂʰəŋ] ㄔㄥ ch'eng				chou chou [tʂʰɤʊ̯] ㄔㄡ ch'ou	chong chong [tʂʰʊŋ] ㄔㄨㄥ ch'ung			chi chi [tʂʰʅ] ㄔ ch'ih											chu chu [tʂʰu] ㄔㄨ ch'u	chua chua [tʂʰu̯ɑ] ㄔㄨㄚ ch'ua	chuai chuai [tʂʰu̯aɪ̯] ㄔㄨㄞ ch'uai	chui chui [tʂʰu̯eɪ̯] ㄔㄨㄟ ch'ui	chuo chuo [tʂʰu̯ɔ] ㄔㄨㄛ ch'o	chuan chuan [tʂʰu̯an] ㄔㄨㄢ ch'uan	chuang chuang [tʂʰu̯ɑŋ] ㄔㄨㄤ ch'uang	chun chun [tʂʰu̯ən] ㄔㄨㄣ ch'un							ch-
sh-		sha sha [ʂɑ] ㄕㄚ sha	shai shai [ʂaɪ̯] ㄕㄞ shai	shao shao [ʂɑʊ̯] ㄕㄠ shao	shan shan [ʂan] ㄕㄢ shan	shang shang [ʂɑŋ] ㄕㄤ shang		she she [ʂɯ̯ʌ] ㄕㄜ she	shei shei [ʂeɪ̯] ㄕㄟ shei	shen shen [ʂən] ㄕㄣ shen	sheng sheng [ʂəŋ] ㄕㄥ sheng				shou shou [ʂɤʊ̯] ㄕㄡ shou				shi shi [ʂʅ] ㄕ shih											shu shu [ʂu] ㄕㄨ shu	shua shua [ʂu̯ɑ] ㄕㄨㄚ shua	shuai shuai [ʂu̯aɪ̯] ㄕㄨㄞ shuai	shui shui [ʂu̯eɪ̯] ㄕㄨㄟ shui	shuo shuo [ʂu̯ɔ] ㄕㄨㄛ sho	shuan shuan [ʂu̯an] ㄕㄨㄢ shuan	shuang shuang [ʂu̯ɑŋ] ㄕㄨㄤ shuang	shun shun [ʂu̯ən] ㄕㄨㄣ shun							sh-
r-				rao rao [ʐɑʊ̯] ㄖㄠ jao	ran ran [ʐan] ㄖㄢ jan	rang rang [ʐɑŋ] ㄖㄤ jang		re re [ʐɯ̯ʌ] ㄖㄜ je		ren ren [ʐən] ㄖㄣ jen	reng reng [ʐəŋ] ㄖㄥ jeng				rou rou [ʐɤʊ̯] ㄖㄡ jou	rong rong [ʐʊŋ] ㄖㄨㄥ jung			ri ri [ʐʅ] ㄖ jih											ru ru [ʐu] ㄖㄨ ju	rua rua [ʐu̯ɑ] ㄖㄨㄚ jua		rui rui [ʐu̯eɪ̯] ㄖㄨㄟ jui	ruo ruo [ʐu̯ɔ] ㄖㄨㄛ jo	ruan ruan [ʐu̯an] ㄖㄨㄢ juan		run run [ʐu̯ən] ㄖㄨㄣ jun							r-
j-																		ji ji [tɕi] ㄐㄧ chi		jia jia [tɕi̯ɑ] ㄐㄧㄚ chia	jiao jiao [tɕi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄐㄧㄠ chiao	jie jie [tɕiɛ] ㄐㄧㄝ chieh	jiu jiu [tɕi̯ɤʊ̯] ㄐㄧㄡ chiu	jian jian [tɕiɛn] ㄐㄧㄢ chien	jiang jiang [tɕi̯ɑŋ] ㄐㄧㄤ chiang	jin jin [tɕin] ㄐㄧㄣ chin	jing jing [tɕiŋ] ㄐㄧㄥ ching	jiong jiong [tɕi̯ʊŋ] ㄐㄩㄥ chiung												ju ju [tɕy] ㄐㄩ chü	jue jue [tɕy̯œ] ㄐㄩㄝ chüeh	juan juan [tɕy̯ɛn] ㄐㄩㄢ chüan	jun jun [tɕyn] ㄐㄩㄣ chün	j-
q-																		qi qi [tɕʰi] ㄑㄧ ch'i		qia qia [tɕʰi̯ɑ] ㄑㄧㄚ ch'ia	qiao qiao [tɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄑㄧㄠ ch'iao	qie qie [tɕʰiɛ] ㄑㄧㄝ ch'ieh	qiu qiu [tɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯] ㄑㄧㄡ ch'iu	qian qian [tɕʰiɛn] ㄑㄧㄢ ch'ien	qiang qiang [tɕʰi̯ɑŋ] ㄑㄧㄤ ch'iang	qin qin [tɕʰin] ㄑㄧㄣ ch'in	qing qing [tɕʰiŋ] ㄑㄧㄥ ch'ing	qiong qiong [tɕʰi̯ʊŋ] ㄑㄩㄥ ch'iung												qu qu [tɕʰy] ㄑㄩ ch'ü	que que [tɕʰy̯œ] ㄑㄩㄝ ch'üeh	quan quan [tɕʰy̯ɛn] ㄑㄩㄢ ch'üan	qun qun [tɕʰyn] ㄑㄩㄣ ch'ün	q-
x-																		xi xi [ɕi] ㄒㄧ his		xia xia [ɕi̯ɑ] ㄒㄧㄚ hsia	xiao xiao [ɕi̯ɑʊ̯] ㄒㄧㄠ hsiao	xie xie [ɕiɛ] ㄒㄧㄝ hsieh	xiu xiu [ɕi̯ɤʊ̯] ㄒㄧㄡ hsiu	xian xian [ɕiɛn] ㄒㄧㄢ hsien	xiang xiang [ɕi̯ɑŋ] ㄒㄧㄤ hsiang	xin xin [ɕin] ㄒㄧㄣ hsin	xing xing [ɕiŋ] ㄒㄧㄥ hsing	xiong xiong [ɕi̯ʊŋ] ㄒㄩㄥ hsiung												xu xu [ɕy] ㄒㄩ hsü	xue xue [ɕy̯œ] ㄒㄩㄝ hsüeh	xuan xuan [ɕy̯ɛn] ㄒㄩㄢ hsüan	xun xun [ɕyn] ㄒㄩㄣ hsün	x-
g-		ga ga [kɑ] ㄍㄚ ka	gai gai [kaɪ̯] ㄍㄞ kai	gao gao [kɑʊ̯] ㄍㄠ kao	gan gan [kan] ㄍㄢ kan	gang gang [kɑŋ] ㄍㄤ kang		ge ge [kɯ̯ʌ] ㄍㄜ ke	gei gei [keɪ̯] ㄍㄟ kei	gen gen [kən] ㄍㄣ ken	geng geng [kəŋ] ㄍㄥ keng				gou gou [kɤʊ̯] ㄍㄡ kou	gong gong [kʊŋ] ㄍㄨㄥ kung														gu gu [ku] ㄍㄨ ku	gua gua [ku̯ɑ] ㄍㄨㄚ kua	guai guai [ku̯aɪ̯] ㄍㄨㄞ kuai	gui gui [ku̯eɪ̯] ㄍㄨㄟ kui	guo guo [ku̯ɔ] ㄍㄨㄛ ko	guan guan [ku̯an] ㄍㄨㄢ kuan	guang guang [ku̯ɑŋ] ㄍㄨㄤ kuang	gun gun [ku̯ən] ㄍㄨㄣ kun							g-
k-		ka ka [kʰɑ] ㄎㄚ k'a	kai kai [kʰaɪ̯] ㄎㄞ k'ai	kao kao [kʰɑʊ̯] ㄎㄠ k'ao	kan kan [kʰan] ㄎㄢ k'an	kang kang [kʰɑŋ] ㄎㄤ k'ang		ke ke [kʰɯ̯ʌ] ㄎㄜ k'e	kei kei [kʰeɪ̯] ㄎㄟ k'ei	ken ken [kʰən] ㄎㄣ k'en	keng keng [kʰəŋ] ㄎㄥ k'eng				kou kou [kʰɤʊ̯] ㄎㄡ k'ou	kong kong [kʰʊŋ] ㄎㄨㄥ k'ung														ku ku [kʰu] ㄎㄨ k'u	kua kua [kʰu̯ɑ] ㄎㄨㄚ k'ua	kuai kuai [kʰu̯aɪ̯] ㄎㄨㄞ k'uai	kui kui [kʰu̯eɪ̯] ㄎㄨㄟ k'ui	kuo kuo [kʰu̯ɔ] ㄎㄨㄛ k'o	kuan kuan [kʰu̯an] ㄎㄨㄢ k'uan	kuang kuang [kʰu̯ɑŋ] ㄎㄨㄤ k'uang	kun kun [kʰu̯ən] ㄎㄨㄣ k'un							k-
h-		ha ha [xɑ] ㄏㄚ ha	hai hai [xaɪ̯] ㄏㄞ hai	hao hao [xɑʊ̯] ㄏㄠ hao	han han [xan] ㄏㄢ han	hang hang [xɑŋ] ㄏㄤ hang		he he [xɯ̯ʌ] ㄏㄜ he	hei hei [xeɪ̯] ㄏㄟ hei	hen hen [xən] ㄏㄣ hen	heng heng [xəŋ] ㄏㄥ heng				hou hou [xɤʊ̯] ㄏㄡ hou	hong hong [xʊŋ] ㄏㄨㄥ hung														hu hu [xu] ㄏㄨ hu	hua hua [xu̯ɑ] ㄏㄨㄚ hua	huai huai [xu̯aɪ̯] ㄏㄨㄞ huai	hui hui [xu̯eɪ̯] ㄏㄨㄟ hui	huo huo [xu̯ɔ] ㄏㄨㄛ ho	huan huan [xu̯an] ㄏㄨㄢ huan	huang huang [xu̯ɑŋ] ㄏㄨㄤ huang	hun hun [xu̯ən] ㄏㄨㄣ hun							h-
	-a-	-a	-ai	-ao	-an	-ang	-e-	-e	-ei	-en	-eng	-er	-o-	-o	-ou	-ong	-i-	-i	-i*	-ia	-iao	-ie	-iou	-ian	-iang	-in	-ing	-iong	-u-	-u	-ua	-uai	-uei	-uo	-uan	-uang	-uen	-ueng	-ü-	-ü	-üe	-üan	-ün

Note: there may be a few rare syllables intentionally omitted from this chart because beginners simply don't need them.

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• Yabla Chinese Pinyin Chart with Audio
• Yoyo Chinese Pinyin Chart
• Mandarin Chinese Phonetics Table

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Instructional Pinyin Videos

• Mandarin Chinese Pinyin Pronunciation (Better Chinese)

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