Comparing "deng" and "dengdeng"
等 (děng) and 等等 (děngděng) both mean “and so on” or “etc.” Both can be used in formal and in informal contexts. While they can often be used interchangeably, both have distinct uses.
| 等 (děng) | 等等 (děngděng) | |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | and so on, etc. | and so on, etc. |
| Part of Speech | auxiliary | auxiliary |
| Formality | flexible | flexible |
Contents
- 1 Both 等 and 等等 be used after two or more words in a list to mean “and so on” or “etc.”.
- 2 To sum up 2 or more words used in a list only 等 can be used
- 3 At the end of a sentence only 等等 can be repeated twice
- 4 When 等等 is used in formal writing it is usually proceeded by a comma
- 5 Sources and further reading
Both 等 and 等等 be used after two or more words in a list to mean “and so on” or “etc.”.
To sum up 2 or more words used in a list only 等 can be used
Example sentences
- 她 喜欢的 运动 有 游泳、跑步、瑜伽 等。 Her favorite sports are swimming, running, yoga, etc.
- 饺子 、 包子 、 面 等 ， 我 都 喜欢 吃。 I like to eat dumplings, dumplings, noodles, etc.
- 我 去 过 法国、英国、泰国 等 国家。 I have been to France, England, Thailand and other countries.
- 他 有 很多 缺点，懒、不 爱 运动、爱 吃 垃圾 食品 等。 He has many disadvantages, such as laziness, lack of exercise, and love of junk food.
- 这个 列车 终点站 是 深圳，我们 会 路过 石家庄、郑州、武汉、长沙 等 地方。 This train ends in Shenzhen, we will pass through Shijiazhuang, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha and other places.
- 我们 公司 有 采购部 、 财务 部 、 销售 部 和 人事 部 等 部门 。 Our company has a purchasing department, a finance department, a sales department and a personnel department.
- 联合国 有 汉语、英语、法语、俄语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语 等 六 种 工作 语言。 The United Nations has six working languages: Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish, and Arabic.
At the end of a sentence only 等等 can be repeated twice
- 我喜欢各种各样的运动，比如，打篮球、踢足球、练瑜伽等等，等等。
