Difference between revisions of "The "e" vowel"
 
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[[Pinyin: the "a" vowel|The "a" vowel]] is a pretty easy one. Time to take on a vowel that is just slightly trickier. The "e" in Mandarin Chinese is slightly tricky because it can be pronounced in two different ways. You simply have to memorize when it makes one sound and when it makes the other.
 
[[Pinyin: the "a" vowel|The "a" vowel]] is a pretty easy one. Time to take on a vowel that is just slightly trickier. The "e" in Mandarin Chinese is slightly tricky because it can be pronounced in two different ways. You simply have to memorize when it makes one sound and when it makes the other.
  
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{{#widget: Pinyin chart settings}}
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== Pinyin's Main "e" Vowel Sound ==
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<div class="pinyin-table-audio-container"></div>
 
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<div class="table-container"><table class="pinyin-table medium" id="pinyin-table">
 
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<tr><!--  TABLE HEADERS  -->
 
−
<th class="first-row first-col"></th>
 
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<th title="Click to expand" class="col-e col-placeholder first-row"><strong>-e-</strong></th>
 
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<th title="Click to collapse" class="first-row col-e" id="-e"><strong>-e</strong></th>
 
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<th title="Click to collapse" class="first-row col-e" id="-ei"><strong>-ei</strong></th>
 
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<th title="Click to collapse" class="first-row col-e" id="-en"><strong>-en</strong></th>
 
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<th title="Click to collapse" class="first-row col-e" id="-eng"><strong>-eng</strong></th>
 
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<th title="Click to collapse" class="first-row col-e" id="-er"><strong>-er</strong></th>
 
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</tr>
 
  
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<tr><!--  ZERO-INITIAL ROW  -->
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The main sound that pinyin "e" makes is a rather unexpected "''uh''" sound, totally different from both the short "e" sound in <span class="enpron">"pen"</span> in English, and the long "e" sound in <span class="enpron">"see"</span>.
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<th class="row-null first-col" id="∅-"><strong>∅-</strong></th>
 
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<td class="row-null col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
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<td class="row-null col-e" id="e"><div class="table-pinyin">e</div><div class="table-link">[[e]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[ɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">e</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-null col-e" id="ei"><div class="table-pinyin">ei</div><div class="table-link">[[ei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[eɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">ei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-null col-e" id="en"><div class="table-pinyin">en</div><div class="table-link">[[en]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[ən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">en</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-null col-e" id="eng"><div class="table-pinyin">eng</div><div class="table-link">[[eng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[əŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">eng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-null col-e" id="er"><div class="table-pinyin">er</div><div class="table-link">[[er]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[ɑɻ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄦ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">erh</div></td>
 
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</tr>
 
  
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<tr><!--  B- ROW  -->
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* [[-e]] sounds kind of like the English <span class="enpron">"duh"</span> or <span class="enpron">"uhhh"</span> sound (like someone thinking, or getting punched in the stomach).
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<th class="row-bpmf first-col" id="b-"><strong>b-</strong></th>
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* [[-en]] sounds how you'd expect; the above "[[-e]]" sound followed by the "[[-n]]" sound. It's kind of like the <span class="enpron">"un"</span> sound in the English word <span class="enpron">"sun"</span>, but not exactly the same.
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e col-placeholder"></td>
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* [[-eng]] also sounds how you'd expect; the above "[[-e]]" sound followed by the "[[-ng]]" sound. It's kind of like the <span class="enpron">"ung"</span> sound in the English word <span class="enpron">"sung"</span>, but not exactly the same.
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>  
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="bei"><div class="table-pinyin">bei</div><div class="table-link">[[bei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[peɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄅㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">pei</div></td>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="ben"><div class="table-pinyin">ben</div><div class="table-link">[[ben]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[pən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄅㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">pen</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="beng"><div class="table-pinyin">beng</div><div class="table-link">[[beng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[pəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄅㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">peng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
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<tr><!--  P- ROW  -->
+
== An Alternate "e" Vowel Sound ==
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<th class="row-bpmf first-col" id="p-"><strong>p-</strong></th>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="pei"><div class="table-pinyin">pei</div><div class="table-link">[[pei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[pʰeɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄆㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">p'ei</div></td>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="pen"><div class="table-pinyin">pen</div><div class="table-link">[[pen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[pʰən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄆㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">p'en</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="peng"><div class="table-pinyin">peng</div><div class="table-link">[[peng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[pʰəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄆㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">p'eng</div></td>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  M- ROW  -->
+
Now that you know the main sound that "e" makes in pinyin, you also need to learn a different sound it makes (which also appears in the chart fragment below).
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<th class="row-bpmf first-col" id="m-"><strong>m-</strong></th>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="me"><div class="table-pinyin">me</div><div class="table-link">[[me]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[mɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄇㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">me</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="mei"><div class="table-pinyin">mei</div><div class="table-link">[[mei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[meɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄇㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">mei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="men"><div class="table-pinyin">men</div><div class="table-link">[[men]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[mən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄇㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">men</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="meng"><div class="table-pinyin">meng</div><div class="table-link">[[meng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[məŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄇㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">meng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  F- ROW  -->
+
* [[-ei]] sounds like the vowel in the English word <span class="enpron">"<strong>ei</strong>ght"</span> or the Japanese brand <span class="enpron">"S<strong>ei</strong>ko"</span>.
−
<th class="row-bpmf first-col" id="f-"><strong>f-</strong></th>
 
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<td class="row-bpmf col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="fei"><div class="table-pinyin">fei</div><div class="table-link">[[fei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[feɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄈㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">fei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="fen"><div class="table-pinyin">fen</div><div class="table-link">[[fen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[fən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄈㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">fen</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e" id="feng"><div class="table-pinyin">feng</div><div class="table-link">[[feng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[fəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄈㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">feng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-bpmf col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  D- ROW  -->
+
== Pinyin Chart Fragment ==
−
<th class="row-dtnl first-col" id="d-"><strong>d-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="de"><div class="table-pinyin">de</div><div class="table-link">[[de]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[tɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄉㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">te</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="dei"><div class="table-pinyin">dei</div><div class="table-link">[[dei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[teɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄉㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">tei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="den"><div class="table-pinyin">den</div><div class="table-link">[[den]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[tən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄉㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">ten</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="deng"><div class="table-pinyin">deng</div><div class="table-link">[[deng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[təŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄉㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">teng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  T- ROW  -->
+
This is just a part of the full [[pinyin chart]], limited to the sounds we've covered in this section.
−
<th class="row-dtnl first-col" id="t-"><strong>t-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="te"><div class="table-pinyin">te</div><div class="table-link">[[te]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[tʰɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄊㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">t'e</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="teng"><div class="table-pinyin">teng</div><div class="table-link">[[teng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[tʰəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄊㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">t'eng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  N- ROW  -->
+
{{#widget: Pinyin chart
−
<th class="row-dtnl first-col" id="n-"><strong>n-</strong></th>
+
| exclude_col_a
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e col-placeholder"></td>
+
| exclude_col_o
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="ne"><div class="table-pinyin">ne</div><div class="table-link">[[ne]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[nɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄋㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">ne</div></td>
+
| exclude_col_u
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="nei"><div class="table-pinyin">nei</div><div class="table-link">[[nei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[neɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄋㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">nei</div></td>
+
| exclude_col_i
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="nen"><div class="table-pinyin">nen</div><div class="table-link">[[nen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[nən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄋㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">nen</div></td>
+
| exclude_col_v
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="neng"><div class="table-pinyin">neng</div><div class="table-link">[[neng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[nəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄋㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">neng</div></td>
+
| exclude_row_jqx
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
+
| exclude_row_zhchshr
−
</tr>
+
}}
  
−
<tr><!--  L- ROW  -->
+
== Other "e" Vowel Sounds ==
−
<th class="row-dtnl first-col" id="l-"><strong>l-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="le"><div class="table-pinyin">le</div><div class="table-link">[[le]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[lɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄌㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">le</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="lei"><div class="table-pinyin">lei</div><div class="table-link">[[lei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[leɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄌㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">lei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e" id="leng"><div class="table-pinyin">leng</div><div class="table-link">[[leng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[ləŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄌㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">leng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-dtnl col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  S- ROW  -->
+
Later on you'll learn that pinyin "e" makes a sound similar to [[-ei]] in the final [[-üe]], but we're leaving that for another section.
−
<th class="row-zcs first-col" id="s-"><strong>s-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e" id="se"><div class="table-pinyin">se</div><div class="table-link">[[se]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[sɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄙㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">se</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e" id="sen"><div class="table-pinyin">sen</div><div class="table-link">[[sen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[sən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄙㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">sen</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e" id="seng"><div class="table-pinyin">seng</div><div class="table-link">[[seng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[səŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄙㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">seng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-zcs col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  G- ROW  -->
+
Now let's move on to [[the "i" vowel]].
−
<th class="row-gkh first-col" id="g-"><strong>g-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="ge"><div class="table-pinyin">ge</div><div class="table-link">[[ge]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄍㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">ke</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="gei"><div class="table-pinyin">gei</div><div class="table-link">[[gei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[keɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄍㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">kei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="gen"><div class="table-pinyin">gen</div><div class="table-link">[[gen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄍㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">ken</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="geng"><div class="table-pinyin">geng</div><div class="table-link">[[geng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄍㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">keng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  K- ROW  -->
+
== Sources and further reading ==
−
<th class="row-gkh first-col" id="k-"><strong>k-</strong></th>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="ke"><div class="table-pinyin">ke</div><div class="table-link">[[ke]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kʰɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄎㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">k'e</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="kei"><div class="table-pinyin">kei</div><div class="table-link">[[kei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kʰeɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄎㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">k'ei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="ken"><div class="table-pinyin">ken</div><div class="table-link">[[ken]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kʰən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄎㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">k'en</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="keng"><div class="table-pinyin">keng</div><div class="table-link">[[keng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[kʰəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄎㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">k'eng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
  
−
<tr><!--  H- ROW  -->
+
* Sinosplice: [http://www.sinosplice.com/learn-chinese/pronunciation-of-mandarin-chinese/2 Chinese Pronunciation]
−
<th class="row-gkh first-col" id="h-"><strong>h-</strong></th>
+
* ChinesePod: [http://chinesepod.com/tools/pronunciation/section/5 E with Easy Consonants]
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e col-placeholder"></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="he"><div class="table-pinyin">he</div><div class="table-link">[[he]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[xɯ̯ʌ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄏㄜ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">he</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="hei"><div class="table-pinyin">hei</div><div class="table-link">[[hei]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[xeɪ̯]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄏㄟ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">hei</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="hen"><div class="table-pinyin">hen</div><div class="table-link">[[hen]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[xən]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄏㄣ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">hen</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e" id="heng"><div class="table-pinyin">heng</div><div class="table-link">[[heng]]</div><div class="table-ipa">[xəŋ]</div><div class="table-zhuyin">ㄏㄥ</div><div class="table-wade-giles">heng</div></td>
 
−
<td class="row-gkh col-e"></td>
 
−
</tr>
 
−
</table></div>
 
  
 
{{Number in Series|3|Pinyin quick start  guide}}
 
{{Number in Series|3|Pinyin quick start  guide}}
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[[Category:Pinyin]]
 
[[Category:Pinyin]]
 
{{Basic Pronunciation|A1|32|The letter "e" in pinyin can represent several different vowel sounds, and it's important to learn them all.|pinyin|ASP00005}}
 
{{Basic Pronunciation|A1|32|The letter "e" in pinyin can represent several different vowel sounds, and it's important to learn them all.|pinyin|ASP00005}}
 +
{{References|-e}}
 +
{{References|-ei}}
 +
{{References|-en}}
 +
{{References|-eng}}
 +
{{References|er}}

Latest revision as of 09:59, 13 May 2020

The "a" vowel is a pretty easy one. Time to take on a vowel that is just slightly trickier. The "e" in Mandarin Chinese is slightly tricky because it can be pronounced in two different ways. You simply have to memorize when it makes one sound and when it makes the other.

Pinyin's Main "e" Vowel Sound

The main sound that pinyin "e" makes is a rather unexpected "uh" sound, totally different from both the short "e" sound in "pen" in English, and the long "e" sound in "see".

  • -e sounds kind of like the English "duh" or "uhhh" sound (like someone thinking, or getting punched in the stomach).
  • -en sounds how you'd expect; the above "-e" sound followed by the "-n" sound. It's kind of like the "un" sound in the English word "sun", but not exactly the same.
  • -eng also sounds how you'd expect; the above "-e" sound followed by the "-ng" sound. It's kind of like the "ung" sound in the English word "sung", but not exactly the same.

An Alternate "e" Vowel Sound

Now that you know the main sound that "e" makes in pinyin, you also need to learn a different sound it makes (which also appears in the chart fragment below).

  • -ei sounds like the vowel in the English word "eight" or the Japanese brand "Seiko".

Pinyin Chart Fragment

This is just a part of the full pinyin chart, limited to the sounds we've covered in this section.

Tone: 1 2 3 4 1234 [Show more Settings]

Additional Settings

Show Text: IPA Zhuyin Wade-Giles

Text Size: Small Medium Large

Chart Mode: Audio Links (disables audio)

-a- -e- -e -ei -en -eng -er -o- -i- -u- -ü-
∅-
e
e
[ɯ̯ʌ]
ㄜ
e
ei
ei
[eɪ̯]
ㄟ
ei
en
en
[ən]
ㄣ
en
eng
eng
[əŋ]
ㄥ
eng
er
er
[ɑɻ]
ㄦ
erh
 ∅-
b-
bei
bei
[peɪ̯]
ㄅㄟ
pei
ben
ben
[pən]
ㄅㄣ
pen
beng
beng
[pəŋ]
ㄅㄥ
peng
 b-
p-
pei
pei
[pʰeɪ̯]
ㄆㄟ
p'ei
pen
pen
[pʰən]
ㄆㄣ
p'en
peng
peng
[pʰəŋ]
ㄆㄥ
p'eng
 p-
m-
me
me
[mɯ̯ʌ]
ㄇㄜ
me
mei
mei
[meɪ̯]
ㄇㄟ
mei
men
men
[mən]
ㄇㄣ
men
meng
meng
[məŋ]
ㄇㄥ
meng
 m-
f-
fei
fei
[feɪ̯]
ㄈㄟ
fei
fen
fen
[fən]
ㄈㄣ
fen
feng
feng
[fəŋ]
ㄈㄥ
feng
 f-
d-
de
de
[tɯ̯ʌ]
ㄉㄜ
te
dei
dei
[teɪ̯]
ㄉㄟ
tei
den
den
[tən]
ㄉㄣ
ten
deng
deng
[təŋ]
ㄉㄥ
teng
 d-
t-
te
te
[tʰɯ̯ʌ]
ㄊㄜ
t'e
teng
teng
[tʰəŋ]
ㄊㄥ
t'eng
 t-
n-
ne
ne
[nɯ̯ʌ]
ㄋㄜ
ne
nei
nei
[neɪ̯]
ㄋㄟ
nei
nen
nen
[nən]
ㄋㄣ
nen
neng
neng
[nəŋ]
ㄋㄥ
neng
 n-
l-
le
le
[lɯ̯ʌ]
ㄌㄜ
le
lei
lei
[leɪ̯]
ㄌㄟ
lei
leng
leng
[ləŋ]
ㄌㄥ
leng
 l-
z-
ze
ze
[tsɯ̯ʌ]
ㄗㄜ
tse
zei
zei
[tseɪ̯]
ㄗㄟ
tsei
zen
zen
[tsən]
ㄗㄣ
tsen
zeng
zeng
[tsəŋ]
ㄗㄥ
tseng
 z-
c-
ce
ce
[tsʰɯ̯ʌ]
ㄘㄜ
ts'e
cei
cei
[tsʰeɪ̯]
ㄘㄟ
ts'ei
cen
cen
[tsʰən]
ㄘㄣ
ts'en
ceng
ceng
[tsʰəŋ]
ㄘㄥ
ts'eng
 c-
s-
se
se
[sɯ̯ʌ]
ㄙㄜ
se
sen
sen
[sən]
ㄙㄣ
sen
seng
seng
[səŋ]
ㄙㄥ
seng
 s-
g-
ge
ge
[kɯ̯ʌ]
ㄍㄜ
ke
gei
gei
[keɪ̯]
ㄍㄟ
kei
gen
gen
[kən]
ㄍㄣ
ken
geng
geng
[kəŋ]
ㄍㄥ
keng
 g-
k-
ke
ke
[kʰɯ̯ʌ]
ㄎㄜ
k'e
kei
kei
[kʰeɪ̯]
ㄎㄟ
k'ei
ken
ken
[kʰən]
ㄎㄣ
k'en
keng
keng
[kʰəŋ]
ㄎㄥ
k'eng
 k-
h-
he
he
[xɯ̯ʌ]
ㄏㄜ
he
hei
hei
[xeɪ̯]
ㄏㄟ
hei
hen
hen
[xən]
ㄏㄣ
hen
heng
heng
[xəŋ]
ㄏㄥ
heng
 h-
-a- -e- -e -ei -en -eng -er -o- -i- -u- -ü-

Other "e" Vowel Sounds

Later on you'll learn that pinyin "e" makes a sound similar to -ei in the final -üe, but we're leaving that for another section.

Now let's move on to the "i" vowel.

Sources and further reading



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