Increase Decrease, Part 1

This page is part of a "Increase, Decrease" series on mastering all of the Chinese words related to these English terms. These words are especially helpful in discussing business at an upper intermediate (B2) level.

This part focuses on the word pairs 上涨 / 涨​ ​(​shàngzhǎng / zhǎng​) and ​下跌 / 跌​ (​xiàdiē / diē​). The words 上涨 / 涨 (shàngzhǎng/zhǎng) are relatively interchangeable. For both, you can use the translations "to rise" and "to go up" (which are also intransitive in English and can help keep you on the right track). The words 下跌 / 跌 (xiàdiē/diē) are also relatively interchangeable. For those two use the translations “to fall” and “to go down” (also intransitive in English).

Structure for 上涨 / 下跌

Use 上涨 / 涨 or 下跌 / 跌 as intransitive verbs in this way:

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

上涨 / 涨 and 下跌 / 跌 are intransitive verbs meaning they cannot take objects.

Common Phrases

These words are commonly used to talk about prices :

  • 价格 上涨 jiàgé shàngzhǎng price increase
  • 房价 下跌 fángjià xiàdiē house price decrease
  • 股价 上涨 gǔjià shàngzhǎng stock price increase
  • 物价 下跌 wùjià xiàdiē price drop

Example Sentences

  • 中国的 房价 一直 在 上涨。 Zhōngguó de fángjià yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. China's housing prices have been going up.
  • 我 买 的 股票的 价格 上涨 了 2%。 Wǒ mǎi de gǔpiào de jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī èr. The price of the stock I bought went up by 2%.
  • 最近 物价 一直 在 下跌Zuìjìn wùjià yīzhí zài xiàdiē. Recently, prices have been dropping.
  • 成都的 房价 这个 季度 比 上个 季度 下跌 了 3%。 Chéngdū de fángjià zhège jìdù bǐ shàng gè jìdù xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī sān.Home prices in Chengdu fell 3% this quarter compared to the previous quarter.

Word Order Exception for 涨

There are two very common fixed phrases that make 涨 feel like a transitive verb (one that takes an object):

  1. 涨价 (zhǎng jià), meaning “prices go up”
  2. 涨工资 (zhǎng gōngzī), meaning “salary goes up.”

Example Sentences

  • 你们 又 了。 Nǐmen yòu zhǎng jià le.You have increased the price again.
  • 老板 给 我 工资 了。 Lǎobǎn gěi wǒ zhǎng gōngzī le.The boss gave me a raise in salary.
  • 那 我 也 要 工资Nà wǒ yě yào zhǎng gōngzī. Then I want to raise my salary, too.

Pattern Using 一直在

Structure

Subj. + 一直在 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

More advanced learners can also substitute 一直在 for 不断 (or even use both together). We won’t focus on the more advanced pattern here.

Subj. + (一直在 +) 不断 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

Example Sentences

  • 最近 2 个 月 农产品 的 价格 一直 在 上涨Zuìjìn liǎng gè yuè nóngchǎnpǐn de jiàgé yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. The prices of agricultural products have been rising for the last 2 months.
  • 今年 汽车的 价格 一直 在 下跌Jīnnián qìchē de jiàgé yīzhí zài xiàdiē. The price of cars has been falling this year.
  • 上海的 物价 最近 一直 在 上涨Shànghǎi de wùjià zuìjìn yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. Prices in Shanghai have been going up recently.
  • 这 几 年 的 房价 一直 在 上涨 Zhè jǐ nián de fángjià yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. Housing prices have been rising over the past few years.
  • 我 买的 这 支 股票 一直 在 下跌Wǒ mǎi de zhè zhī gǔpiào yīzhí zài xiàdiē. This stock I bought has been falling.

Patterns Using 得

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 得 + [ 很快 / 慢 / 厉害 ]

Example Sentences

  • 物价 上涨 得 太 快,不 是 一 件 好 事情。 Wùjià shàngzhǎng de tài kuài, bù shì yī jiàn hǎo shìqing.Prices are rising too fast, and that's not a good thing.
  • 今年 这 支 股票 下跌 得 很 慢。 Jīnnián zhè zhī gǔpiào xiàdiē de hěn màn.This stock has fallen very slowly this year.
  • 今年 黄金的 价格 上涨 得 很 慢。 Jīnnián huángjīn de jiàgé shàngzhǎng de hěn màn.The price of gold has risen very slowly this year.
  • 今年 物价 上涨 得 厉害。 Jīnnián wùjià shàngzhǎng de lìhai.This year, prices have risen sharply.
  • 2018 年 的 房价 上涨 得 很 快。 2018 nián de fángjià shàngzhǎng de hěn kuài.Housing prices have risen very quickly in 2018.

Patterns Using 到

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 到

Example Sentences

  • 这个 小镇的 地价 从 原来的 4000 多 元 一 亩 上涨 到 每 亩 6000 元。 Zhège xiǎozhèn de dejià cóng yuánlái de 4000 duō Yuán yī mǔ shàngzhǎng dào měi mǔ liùqiān Yuán.The price of land in this town has risen from over $4,000 an acre to $6,000 per acre.
  • 猪肉的 价格 从 年初的 9 元 一 斤 下跌 到 7 元 左右。 Zhūròu de jiàgé cóng niánchū de jiǔ Yuán yī jīn xiàdiē dào qī Yuán zuǒyòu.The price of pork has dropped from $9 a catty at the beginning of the year to about $7.
  • 原油的 价格 上涨 到 每 桶 70 美元。 Yuányóu de jiàgé shàngzhǎng dào měi tǒng qīshí Měiyuán.The price of crude oil rose to $70 per barrel.
  • 市场 价格 下跌 到 一定 水平 后 不 再 上涨。 Shìchǎng jiàgé xiàdiē dào yīdìng shuǐpíng hòu bù zài shàngzhǎng.The market price drops to a certain level and then does not rise again.
  • 石油 公司的 股票 价格 从 3 美元 上涨 到 15 美元。 Shíyóu gōngsī de gǔpiào jiàgé cóng sān Měiyuán shàngzhǎng dào shíwǔ Měiyuán.The stock price of the oil company rose from $3 to $15.

Patterns Using 又

Structure

Subj. + 又 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了

Example Sentences

  • 和 上 个 月 比,物价上涨 了。 Hé shàng gè yuè bǐ, wùjià yòu shàngzhǎng le.Compared to last month, prices have gone up again.
  • 北京的 房价上涨 了。 Běijīng de fángjià yòu shàngzhǎng le.Beijing's housing prices have risen again.
  • 这 两 天,人民币下跌 了! Zhè liǎng tiān, rénmínbì yòu xiàdiē le!In the past two days, the Yuan has fallen again!
  • 石油 价格 又 上涨 了,油价 下跌 很 难。 Shíyóu jiàgé yòu shàngzhǎng le, yóujià xiàdiē hěn nán. Oil prices have gone up again, and it's hard for oil prices to go down.
  • 根据 数据 显示,大豆 价格下跌 了。 Gēnjù shùjù xiǎnshì, dàdòu jiàgé yòu xiàdiē le.According to the data, soybean prices have fallen again.

Patterns Using 再

Structure

Subj. + 再 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

Example Sentences

  • 我 觉得 下半年 房价 还 会 上涨Wǒ juéde xiàbànnián fángjià hái huì zài shàngzhǎng. I think housing prices will go up again in the second half of the year.
  • 如果 猪肉的 价格 上涨,真 吃不起 猪肉 了。 Rúguǒ zhūròu de jiàgé zài shàngzhǎng , zhēn chībǔqi zhūròu le.If the price of pork goes up again, we really can't afford to eat pork.
  • 经过 我的 分析,这 支 股票 还 会 上涨Jīngguò wǒ de fēnxī, zhè zhī gǔpiào hái huì zài shàngzhǎng. After my analysis, this stock will go up again.
  • 最近 炒 黄金 炒得 厉害,不知道 金价 还 会 不 会 上涨? Zuìjìn chǎo huángjīn chǎo de lìhai, bù zhīdào jīnjià hái huì bù huì zài shàngzhǎng? Recently, the speculation in gold is very strong, I wonder if the gold price will rise again?
  • 国内 和 国际 市场 都 不 想 让 石油 价格 上涨Guónèi hé guójì shìchǎng dōu bù xiǎng ràng shíyóu jiàgé zài shàngzhǎng. Both domestic and international markets do not want oil prices to rise any further.

Patterns Using 了 with Percentages

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + X%

Example Sentences

  • 今年 南京 市 的 房价 下跌1%Jīnnián Nánjīng shì de fángjià xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī yī. House prices in Nanjing have fallen by 1% this year.
  • 这 支 股票 今天 下跌5%Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī wǔ. This stock fell 5% today.
  • 阿里巴巴 上市 后,第一 天 就 上涨3%Ālǐbābā shàngshì hòu, dì-yī tiān jiù shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān. Alibaba rose 3% on its first day of trading.
  • 9月,中国 物价 上涨 了 3%,肉价 上涨46.9%Jiǔ yuè, Zhōngguó wùjià shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, ròu jià shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sìshíliù diǎn jiǔ. In September, prices in China rose by 3% and meat prices rose by 46.9%.
  • 2013年 全球 酒店的 平均 价格 上涨3%2013 nián quánqiú jiǔdiàn de píngjūn jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān. The average price of hotels worldwide increased by 3% in 2013.

Patterns Using 了 with 倍

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number + 倍

Example Sentences

  • 日本 全国 平均 土地 价格 上涨1 倍Rìběn quánguó píngjūn tǔdì jiàgé shàngzhǎng le yī bèi. Japan's national average land price has increased by a factor of 1.
  • 生产 汽车 需要 的 钢材 几乎 上涨2 倍Shēngchǎn qìchē xūyào de gāngcái jīhū shàngzhǎng le liǎng bèi. The steel needed to produce automobiles has increased almost twofold.
  • 近 10 年 来 钢铁 投资 上涨4 倍 左右。 Jìn shí nián lái gāngtiě tóuzī shàngzhǎng le sì bèi zuǒyòu.Steel investment has risen about fourfold in the last 10 years.
  • 鸡蛋 价格 上涨 了 3%,但是 成本 却 上涨三 四 倍Jīdàn jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, dànshì chéngběn què shàngzhǎng le sān sì bèi. The price of eggs has gone up by 3%, but the cost has gone up three or four times.
  • 黑色 金属的 价格 上涨30 倍Hēisè jīnshǔ de jiàgé shàngzhǎng le sānshí bèi. The price of ferrous metals has risen 30 times.

Patterns Using 比

Structure

Time + 比 + Time + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number [ % / 倍 ]

Example Sentences

  • 成都的 房价 这个 季度 上 个 季度 上涨 了 2 倍。 Chéngdū de fángjià zhège jìdù shàng gè jìdù shàngzhǎng le liǎng bèi. House prices in Chengdu have increased twofold this quarter compared to the previous quarter.
  • 石油的 价格 今年 去年 上涨 了 5 倍。 Shíyóu de jiàgé jīnnián qùnián shàngzhǎng le wǔ bèi.The price of oil has risen fivefold this year compared to last year.
  • 今年 黄金的 价格 和 去年 下跌 了 5%。 Jīnnián huángjīn de jiàgé hé qùnián , xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī wǔ.This year, the price of gold has fallen by 5% compared to last year.
  • 这 支 股票 今天 昨天 上涨 了 1%。 Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān zuótiān shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī yī.The stock is up 1% today compared to yesterday.
  • 2007 年 下半年,中国的 进口 商品 价格 上半年 下跌 了 4.1%。 2007 nián xiàbànnián, Zhōngguó de jìnkǒu shāngpǐn jiàgé shàngbànnián xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī sì diǎn yī.In the second half of 2007, China's import prices fell by 4.1% compared to the first half of the year.

Patterns Using 给 with 涨工资

Structure

给 + Person + 涨工资

Example Sentences

  • 老板 工资 了。 Lǎobǎn gěi zhǎng gōngzī le.My boss gave me a pay raise.
  • 如果 老板 不 工资,我 就 辞职。 Rúguǒ lǎobǎn bù gěi zhǎng gōngzī, wǒ jiù cízhí.If my boss doesn't give me a pay raise, I'll quit.
  • 我 希望 能 工资。 Wǒ xīwàng néng gěi zhǎng gōngzī.I would like to give him a pay raise.

Patterns Using 了 with 涨工资

Structure

涨 + 了 + Number + 的 + 工资

Example Sentences

  • 今年 老板 给 我 一 千 块的 工资。 Jīnnián lǎobǎn gěi wǒ zhǎng le yī qiān kuài de gōngzī.This year, my boss gave me a $1,000 pay raise.
  • 根据 规定,公司 每年 给 你 5% 的 工资。 Gēnjù guīdìng, gōngsī měi nián gěi nǐ zhǎng bǎi fēn zhī wǔ de gōngzī.As a rule, the company gives you a 5% salary increase every year.

Sources and further reading

Websites