Difference between revisions of "Increase Decrease, Part 1"

 
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This page is part of a [[Increase, Decrease|"Increase, Decrease" series]] on mastering all of the Chinese words related to these English terms. These words are especially helpful in discussing business at an upper intermediate (B2) level.  
 
This page is part of a [[Increase, Decrease|"Increase, Decrease" series]] on mastering all of the Chinese words related to these English terms. These words are especially helpful in discussing business at an upper intermediate (B2) level.  
  
This part focuses on the word pairs 上涨 / 涨​ ​(​shàngzhǎng / zhǎng​) and ​下跌 / 跌​ (​xiàdiē / diē​).
+
This part focuses on the word pairs 上涨 / 涨​ ​(​shàngzhǎng / zhǎng​) and ​下跌 / 跌​ (​xiàdiē / diē​). The words 上涨 / 涨 (shàngzhǎng/zhǎng) are relatively interchangeable. For both, you can use the translations "to rise" and "to go up" (which are also intransitive in English and can help keep you on the right track). The words 下跌 / 跌 (xiàdiē/diē) are also relatively interchangeable. For those two use the translations “to fall” and “to go down” (also intransitive in English).
  
For the words 上涨 / 涨 (shàngzhǎng/zhǎng) and 下跌 / 跌 (xiàdiē/diē), use the
+
== Structure for 上涨 / 下跌 ==
translations “to rise” and “to fall” or “to go up” and “to go down.”
 
  
== Structure ==
+
Use 上涨 / 涨 or 下跌 / 跌 as intransitive verbs in this way:
 
 
Use 上涨 / 涨 or 下跌 / 跌 as intransitive verbs in this way:
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 上涨 / 下跌
+
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
上涨 / 涨 and 下跌 / 跌 are intransitive verbs meaning they cannot take objects.
+
上涨 / 涨 and 下跌 / 跌 are intransitive verbs meaning they ''cannot take objects''.
  
 
=== Common Phrases ===
 
=== Common Phrases ===
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<div class="liju dapei">
 
<div class="liju dapei">
* 价格 <em>上涨</em> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="trans"></span>
+
* 价格 <em>上涨</em> <span class="pinyin">jiàgé <em> shàngzhǎng </em></span><span class="trans">price increase</span>
* 房价 <em>下跌</em> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="trans"></span>
+
* 房价 <em>下跌</em> <span class="pinyin">fángjià <em> xiàdiē </em></span><span class="trans">house price decrease</span>
 
+
* 股价 <em>上涨</em> <span class="pinyin">gǔjià <em> shàngzhǎng </em></span><span class="trans">stock price increase</span>
 +
* 物价 <em>下跌</em> <span class="pinyin">wùjià <em> xiàdiē </em></span><span class="trans">price drop</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
=== Supplementary Vocabulary ===
 
 
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover">
 
<tr>
 
<th>Word</th>
 
<th>Dictionary Says</th>
 
<th>People Pronounce It</th>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>办公室</td>
 
<td>bàngōngshì</td>
 
<td>bàngōngshǐ</td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>出血</td>
 
<td>chūxiě, chūxuè</td>
 
<td>chūxuě</td>
 
</tr>
 
  
 
=== Example Sentences ===  
 
=== Example Sentences ===  
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 中国的房价一直在上涨。
+
* 中国的 <strong>房价</strong> 一直 在 <em>上涨。</em> <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó de <strong> fángjià </strong> yīzhí zài <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans"> China's housing prices have been going up. </span>
 +
* 我 买 的 股票的 <strong>价格</strong> <em>上涨</em> 了 2%。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ mǎi de gǔpiào de <strong> jiàgé </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le bǎi fēn zhī èr. </span><span class="trans"> The price of the stock I bought went up by 2%.</span>
 +
* 最近 <strong>物价</strong> 一直 在 <em>下跌</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn <strong> wùjià </strong> yīzhí zài <em> xiàdiē. </em></span><span class="trans">Recently, prices have been dropping.</span>
 +
* 成都的 <strong>房价</strong> 这个 季度 比 上个 季度 <em>下跌</em> 了 3%。 <span class="pinyin">Chéngdū de <strong> fángjià </strong> zhège jìdù bǐ shàng gè jìdù <em> xiàdiē </em> le bǎi fēn zhī sān.</span><span class="trans">Home prices in Chengdu fell 3% this quarter compared to the previous quarter.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
== Word Order Exception ==
+
== Word Order Exception for 涨 ==
  
T here are two very common fixed phrases that make feel like a transitive verb
+
There are two very common fixed phrases that make 涨 feel like a transitive verb (one that takes an object):
(one that takes an object):
+
 
1. 涨价  (zhǎng jià), meaning “prices go up”
+
# 涨价  (zhǎng jià), meaning “prices go up”
2. 涨工资  (zhǎng gōngzī), meaning “salary goes up.”
+
# 涨工资  (zhǎng gōngzī), meaning “salary goes up.”
  
 
=== Example Sentences ===  
 
=== Example Sentences ===  
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 你们又涨价了。
+
* 你们 又 <em>涨</em> <strong>价</strong> 了。 <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen yòu <em> zhǎng </em> <strong> jià </strong> le.</span><span class="trans">You have increased the price again.</span>
* 老板给我涨工资了。
+
* 老板 给 我 <em>涨</em> <strong>工资</strong> 了。 <span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn gěi wǒ <em> zhǎng </em> <strong> gōngzī </strong> le.</span><span class="trans">The boss gave me a raise in salary.</span>
* 那我也要涨工资。
+
* 那 我 也 要 <em>涨</em> <strong>工资</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Nà wǒ yě yào <em> zhǎng </em> <strong> gōngzī. </strong></span><span class="trans">Then I want to raise my salary, too.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 一直在+上涨 / 下跌
+
Subj. + 一直在 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + (一直在 +) 不断 + 上涨 / 下跌
+
Subj. + (一直在 +) 不断 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 最近2个月农产品的价格一直在上涨。
+
* 最近 2 个 月 <strong>农产品</strong> 的 价格 一直 在 <em>上涨</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn liǎng gè yuè <strong> nóngchǎnpǐn </strong> de jiàgé yīzhí zài <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">The prices of agricultural products have been rising for the last 2 months.</span>
* 今年汽车的价格一直在下跌。
+
* 今年 <strong>汽车</strong>的 价格 一直 在 <em>下跌</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián <strong> qìchē </strong> de jiàgé yīzhí zài <em> xiàdiē. </em></span><span class="trans">The price of cars has been falling this year.</span>
* 上海的物价最近一直在上涨。
+
* 上海的 <strong>物价</strong> 最近 一直 在 <em>上涨</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi de <strong> wùjià </strong> zuìjìn yīzhí zài <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">Prices in Shanghai have been going up recently.</span>
* 这几年的房价一直在上涨。
+
* 这 几 年 的 <strong>房价</strong> 一直 在 <em>上涨</em> <span class="pinyin">Zhè jǐ nián de <strong> fángjià </strong> yīzhí zài <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">Housing prices have been rising over the past few years.</span>
* 我买的这支股票一直在下跌。
+
* 我 买的 这 支 <strong>股票</strong> 一直 在 <em>下跌</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ mǎi de zhè zhī <strong> gǔpiào </strong> yīzhí zài <em> xiàdiē. </em></span><span class="trans">This stock I bought has been falling.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]+得+[ 很快 / 慢 / 厉害 ]
+
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 得 + [ 很快 / 慢 / 厉害 ]
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 物价上涨得太快,不是一件好事情。
+
* <strong>物价</strong> <em>上涨</em> 得 太 快,不 是 一 件 好 事情。 <span class="pinyin"><strong> Wùjià </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em> de tài kuài, bù shì yī jiàn hǎo shìqing.</span><span class="trans">Prices are rising too fast, and that's not a good thing.</span>
* 今年这支股票下跌得很慢。
+
* 今年 这 支 <strong>股票</strong> <em>下跌</em> 得 很 慢。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián zhè zhī <strong> gǔpiào </strong> <em> xiàdiē </em> de hěn màn.</span><span class="trans">This stock has fallen very slowly this year.</span>
* 今年黄金的价格上涨得很慢。
+
* 今年 <strong>黄金的 价格</strong> <em>上涨</em> 得 很 慢。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián <strong> huángjīn de jiàgé </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em> de hěn màn.</span><span class="trans">The price of gold has risen very slowly this year.</span>
* 今年物价上涨得厉害。
+
* 今年 <strong>物价</strong> <em>上涨</em> 得 厉害。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián <strong> wùjià </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em> de lìhai.</span><span class="trans">This year, prices have risen sharply.</span>
* 2018年的房价上涨得很快。
+
* 2018 年 的 <strong>房价</strong> <em>上涨</em> 得 很 快。 <span class="pinyin">2018 nián de <strong> fángjià </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em> de hěn kuài.</span><span class="trans">Housing prices have risen very quickly in 2018.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 上涨 / 下跌+到
+
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 到
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 这个小镇的地价从原来的4000多元一亩上涨到每亩6000元。
+
* 这个 小镇的 <strong>地价</strong> 从 原来的 4000 多 元 一 亩 <em>上涨</em> 到 每 亩 6000 元。 <span class="pinyin">Zhège xiǎozhèn de <strong> dejià </strong> cóng yuánlái de 4000 duō Yuán yī mǔ <em> shàngzhǎng </em> dào měi mǔ liùqiān Yuán.</span><span class="trans">The price of land in this town has risen from over $4,000 an acre to $6,000 per acre.</span>
* 猪肉的价格从年初的9元一斤下跌到7元左右。
+
* <strong>猪肉</strong>的 价格 从 年初的 9 元 一 斤 <em>下跌</em> 到 7 元 左右。 <span class="pinyin"><strong> Zhūròu </strong> de jiàgé cóng niánchū de jiǔ Yuán yī jīn <em> xiàdiē </em> dào qī Yuán zuǒyòu.</span><span class="trans">The price of pork has dropped from $9 a catty at the beginning of the year to about $7.</span>
* 原油的价格上涨到每桶70美元。
+
* <strong>原油</strong>的 价格 <em>上涨</em> 到 每 桶 70 美元。 <span class="pinyin"><strong> Yuányóu </strong> de jiàgé <em> shàngzhǎng </em> dào měi tǒng qīshí Měiyuán.</span><span class="trans">The price of crude oil rose to $70 per barrel.</span>
* 市场价格下跌到一定水平后不再上涨。
+
* 市场 <strong>价格</strong> <em>下跌</em> 到 一定 水平 后 不 再 上涨。 <span class="pinyin">Shìchǎng <strong> jiàgé </strong> <em> xiàdiē </em> dào yīdìng shuǐpíng hòu bù zài shàngzhǎng.</span><span class="trans">The market price drops to a certain level and then does not rise again.</span>
* 石油公司的股票价格从3美元上涨到15美元。
+
* 石油 公司的 <strong>股票 价格</strong> 从 3 美元 <em>上涨</em> 到 15 美元。 <span class="pinyin">Shíyóu gōngsī de <strong> gǔpiào jiàgé </strong> cóng sān Měiyuán <em> shàngzhǎng </em> dào shíwǔ Měiyuán.<span class="trans">The stock price of the oil company rose from $3 to $15.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 又+上涨 / 下跌+了
+
Subj. + 又 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 和上个月比,物价又上涨了。
+
* 和 上 个 月 比,<strong>物价</strong> 又 <em>上涨</em> 了。 <span class="pinyin">Hé shàng gè yuè bǐ, <strong> wùjià </strong> yòu <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le.</span><span class="trans">Compared to last month, prices have gone up again.</span>
* 北京的房价又上涨了。
+
* 北京的 <strong>房价</strong> 又 <em>上涨</em> 了。 <span class="pinyin">Běijīng de <strong> fángjià </strong> yòu <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le.</span><span class="trans">Beijing's housing prices have risen again.</span>
* 这两天,人民币又下跌了!
+
* 这 两 天,<strong>人民币</strong> 又 <em>下跌</em> 了! <span class="pinyin">Zhè liǎng tiān, <strong> rénmínbì </strong> yòu <em> xiàdiē </em> le!</span><span class="trans">In the past two days, the Yuan has fallen again!</span>
* 石油价格又上涨了,油价下跌很难。
+
* 石油 价格 又 上涨 了,<strong>油价</strong> <em>下跌</em> 很 难。 <span class="pinyin">Shíyóu jiàgé yòu shàngzhǎng le, <strong> yóujià </strong> <em> xiàdiē </em> hěn nán.</span> <span class="trans">Oil prices have gone up again, and it's hard for oil prices to go down.</span>
* 根据数据显示,大豆价格又下跌了。
+
* 根据 数据 显示,<strong>大豆 价格</strong> 又 <em>下跌</em> 了。 <span class="pinyin">Gēnjù shùjù xiǎnshì, <strong> dàdòu jiàgé </strong> yòu <em> xiàdiē </em> le.</span><span class="trans">According to the data, soybean prices have fallen again.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 再+上涨 / 下跌
+
Subj. + 再 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 我觉得下半年房价还会再上涨。
+
* 我 觉得 下半年 房价 还 会 <strong>再</strong> <em>上涨</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ juéde xiàbànnián fángjià hái huì <strong> zài </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">I think housing prices will go up again in the second half of the year.</span>
* 如果猪肉的价格再上涨,真吃不起猪肉了。
+
* 如果 猪肉的 价格 <strong>再</strong> <em>上涨</em>,真 吃不起 猪肉 了。 <span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ zhūròu de jiàgé <strong> zài </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng </em>, zhēn chībǔqi zhūròu le.</span><span class="trans">If the price of pork goes up again, we really can't afford to eat pork.</span>
* 经过我的分析,这支股票还会再上涨。
+
* 经过 我的 分析,这 支 股票 还 会 <strong>再</strong> <em>上涨</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Jīngguò wǒ de fēnxī, zhè zhī gǔpiào hái huì <strong> zài </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">After my analysis, this stock will go up again.</span>
* 最近炒黄金炒得厉害,不知道金价还会不会再上涨?  
+
* 最近 炒 黄金 炒得 厉害,不知道 金价 还 会 不 会 <strong>再</strong> <em>上涨</em>? <span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn chǎo huángjīn chǎo de lìhai, bù zhīdào jīnjià hái huì bù huì <strong> zài </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng? </em></span><span class="trans">Recently, the speculation in gold is very strong, I wonder if the gold price will rise again?</span>
* 国内和国际市场都不想让石油价格再上涨。
+
* 国内 和 国际 市场 都 不 想 让 石油 价格 <strong>再</strong> <em>上涨</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Guónèi hé guójì shìchǎng dōu bù xiǎng ràng shíyóu jiàgé <strong> zài </strong> <em> shàngzhǎng. </em></span><span class="trans">Both domestic and international markets do not want oil prices to rise any further.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 上涨 / 下跌+了+ X%
+
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + X%
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 今年南京市的房价下跌了1%。
+
* 今年 南京 市 的 房价 <em>下跌</em> 了 <strong>1%</strong><span class="pinyin">Jīnnián Nánjīng shì de fángjià <em> xiàdiē </em> le <strong> bǎi fēn zhī yī. </strong></span><span class="trans">House prices in Nanjing have fallen by 1% this year.</span>
* 这支股票今天下跌了5%。
+
* 这 支 股票 今天 <em>下跌</em> 了 <strong>5%</strong><span class="pinyin">Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān <em> xiàdiē </em> le <strong> bǎi fēn zhī wǔ. </strong></span><span class="trans">This stock fell 5% today.</span>
* 阿里巴巴上市后,第一天就上涨了3%
+
* 阿里巴巴 上市 后,第一 天 就 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>3%</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Ālǐbābā shàngshì hòu, dì-yī tiān jiù <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> bǎi fēn zhī sān. </strong></span><span class="trans">Alibaba rose 3% on its first day of trading.</span>
* 9月,中国物价上涨了3%,肉价上涨了46.9%
+
* 9月,中国 物价 上涨 了 3%,肉价 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>46.9%</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Jiǔ yuè, Zhōngguó wùjià shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, ròu jià <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> bǎi fēn zhī sìshíliù diǎn jiǔ. </strong></span> <span class="trans">In September, prices in China rose by 3% and meat prices rose by 46.9%.</span>
* 2013年全球酒店的平均价格上涨了3%。
+
* 2013年 全球 酒店的 平均 价格 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>3%</strong><span class="pinyin">2013 nián quánqiú jiǔdiàn de píngjūn jiàgé <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> bǎi fēn zhī sān. </strong></span><span class="trans">The average price of hotels worldwide increased by 3% in 2013.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 上涨 / 下跌+了+ Num. + 倍
+
Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number + 倍  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 日本全国平均土地价格上涨了1倍。
+
* 日本 全国 平均 土地 价格 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>1 倍</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Rìběn quánguó píngjūn tǔdì jiàgé <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> yī bèi. </strong></span><span class="trans">Japan's national average land price has increased by a factor of 1.</span>
* 生产汽车需要的钢材几乎上涨了2倍。
+
* 生产 汽车 需要 的 钢材 几乎 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>2 倍</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Shēngchǎn qìchē xūyào de gāngcái jīhū <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> liǎng bèi. </strong></span><span class="trans">The steel needed to produce automobiles has increased almost twofold.</span>
* 近10年来钢铁投资上涨了4倍左右。
+
* 近 10 年 来 钢铁 投资 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>4 倍</strong> 左右。 <span class="pinyin">Jìn shí nián lái gāngtiě tóuzī <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> sì bèi </strong> zuǒyòu.</span><span class="trans">Steel investment has risen about fourfold in the last 10 years.</span>
* 鸡蛋价格上涨了3%,但是成本却上涨了三四倍。
+
* 鸡蛋 价格 上涨 了 3%,但是 成本 却 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>三 四 倍</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Jīdàn jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, dànshì chéngběn què <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> sān sì bèi. </strong></span> <span class="trans">The price of eggs has gone up by 3%, but the cost has gone up three or four times.</span>
* 黑色金属的价格上涨了30倍。
+
* 黑色 金属的 价格 <em>上涨</em> 了 <strong>30 倍</strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Hēisè jīnshǔ de jiàgé <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le <strong> sānshí bèi. </strong></span><span class="trans">The price of ferrous metals has risen 30 times.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
time + 比 + time + 上涨 / 下跌 + 了+ Num.% / Num. +
+
Time + 比 + Time + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number [ % / 倍 ]
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
=== Example Sentences ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
* 成都的 房价 这个 季度 <strong>比</strong> 上 个 季度 <em>上涨</em> 了 2 倍。 <span class="pinyin">Chéngdū de fángjià zhège jìdù <strong> bǐ </strong> shàng gè jìdù <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le liǎng bèi.</span> <span class="trans">House prices in Chengdu have increased twofold this quarter compared to the previous quarter.</span>
 +
* 石油的 价格 今年 <strong>比</strong> 去年 <em>上涨</em> 了 5 倍。 <span class="pinyin">Shíyóu de jiàgé jīnnián <strong> bǐ </strong> qùnián <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le wǔ bèi.</span><span class="trans">The price of oil has risen fivefold this year compared to last year.</span>
 +
* 今年 黄金的 价格 和 去年 <strong>比</strong>,<em>下跌</em> 了 5%。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián huángjīn de jiàgé hé qùnián <strong> bǐ </strong>, <em> xiàdiē </em> le bǎi fēn zhī wǔ.</span><span class="trans">This year, the price of gold has fallen by 5% compared to last year.</span>
 +
* 这 支 股票 今天 <strong>比</strong> 昨天 <em>上涨</em> 了 1%。 <span class="pinyin">Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān <strong> bǐ </strong> zuótiān <em> shàngzhǎng </em> le bǎi fēn zhī yī.</span><span class="trans">The stock is up 1% today compared to yesterday.</span>
 +
* 2007 年 下半年,中国的 进口 商品 价格 <strong>比</strong> 上半年 <em>下跌</em> 了 4.1%。 <span class="pinyin">2007 nián xiàbànnián, Zhōngguó de jìnkǒu shāngpǐn jiàgé <strong> bǐ </strong> shàngbànnián <em> xiàdiē </em> le bǎi fēn zhī sì diǎn yī.</span><span class="trans">In the second half of 2007, China's import prices fell by 4.1% compared to the first half of the year.</span>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
== Patterns Using 给 with 涨工资 ==
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
给 + Person + 涨工资
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
=== Example Sentences ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
* 老板 <strong>给</strong> 我 <em>涨</em> 工资 了。 <span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <strong> gěi </strong> wǒ <em> zhǎng </em> gōngzī le.</span><span class="trans">My boss gave me a pay raise.</span>
 +
* 如果 老板 不 <strong>给</strong> 我 <em>涨</em> 工资,我 就 辞职。 <span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ lǎobǎn bù <strong> gěi </strong> wǒ <em> zhǎng </em> gōngzī, wǒ jiù cízhí.</span><span class="trans">If my boss doesn't give me a pay raise, I'll quit.</span>
 +
* 我 希望 能 <strong>给</strong> 他 <em>涨</em> 工资。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xīwàng néng <strong> gěi </strong> tā <em> zhǎng </em> gōngzī.</span><span class="trans">I would like to give him a pay raise.</span>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
== Patterns Using 了 with 涨工资 ==
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
涨 + 了 + Number + 的 + 工资
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 成都的房价这个季度比上个季度上涨了2倍。
+
* 今年 老板 给 我 <em>涨</em> 了 <strong>一 千 块</strong>的 工资。 <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián lǎobǎn gěi wǒ <em> zhǎng </em> le <strong> yī qiān kuài </strong> de gōngzī.</span><span class="trans">This year, my boss gave me a $1,000 pay raise.</span>
* 石油的价格今年比去年上涨了5倍。
+
* 根据 规定,公司 每年 给 你 <em>涨</em> <strong>5%</strong> 的 工资。 <span class="pinyin">Gēnjù guīdìng, gōngsī měi nián gěi nǐ <em> zhǎng </em> <strong> bǎi fēn zhī wǔ </strong> de gōngzī.</span><span class="trans">As a rule, the company gives you a 5% salary increase every year.</span>
* 今年黄金的价格和去年比,下跌了5%
 
* 这支股票今天比昨天上涨了1%。
 
* 2007年下半年,中国的进口商品价格比上半年下跌了4.1%
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  

Latest revision as of 08:48, 10 August 2022

This page is part of a "Increase, Decrease" series on mastering all of the Chinese words related to these English terms. These words are especially helpful in discussing business at an upper intermediate (B2) level.

This part focuses on the word pairs 上涨 / 涨​ ​(​shàngzhǎng / zhǎng​) and ​下跌 / 跌​ (​xiàdiē / diē​). The words 上涨 / 涨 (shàngzhǎng/zhǎng) are relatively interchangeable. For both, you can use the translations "to rise" and "to go up" (which are also intransitive in English and can help keep you on the right track). The words 下跌 / 跌 (xiàdiē/diē) are also relatively interchangeable. For those two use the translations “to fall” and “to go down” (also intransitive in English).

Structure for 上涨 / 下跌

Use 上涨 / 涨 or 下跌 / 跌 as intransitive verbs in this way:

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

上涨 / 涨 and 下跌 / 跌 are intransitive verbs meaning they cannot take objects.

Common Phrases

These words are commonly used to talk about prices :

  • 价格 上涨 jiàgé shàngzhǎng price increase
  • 房价 下跌 fángjià xiàdiē house price decrease
  • 股价 上涨 gǔjià shàngzhǎng stock price increase
  • 物价 下跌 wùjià xiàdiē price drop

Example Sentences

  • 中国的 房价 一直 在 上涨。 Zhōngguó de fángjià yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. China's housing prices have been going up.
  • 我 买 的 股票的 价格 上涨 了 2%。 Wǒ mǎi de gǔpiào de jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī èr. The price of the stock I bought went up by 2%.
  • 最近 物价 一直 在 下跌Zuìjìn wùjià yīzhí zài xiàdiē. Recently, prices have been dropping.
  • 成都的 房价 这个 季度 比 上个 季度 下跌 了 3%。 Chéngdū de fángjià zhège jìdù bǐ shàng gè jìdù xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī sān.Home prices in Chengdu fell 3% this quarter compared to the previous quarter.

Word Order Exception for 涨

There are two very common fixed phrases that make 涨 feel like a transitive verb (one that takes an object):

  1. 涨价 (zhǎng jià), meaning “prices go up”
  2. 涨工资 (zhǎng gōngzī), meaning “salary goes up.”

Example Sentences

  • 你们 又 了。 Nǐmen yòu zhǎng jià le.You have increased the price again.
  • 老板 给 我 工资 了。 Lǎobǎn gěi wǒ zhǎng gōngzī le.The boss gave me a raise in salary.
  • 那 我 也 要 工资Nà wǒ yě yào zhǎng gōngzī. Then I want to raise my salary, too.

Pattern Using 一直在

Structure

Subj. + 一直在 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

More advanced learners can also substitute 一直在 for 不断 (or even use both together). We won’t focus on the more advanced pattern here.

Subj. + (一直在 +) 不断 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

Example Sentences

  • 最近 2 个 月 农产品 的 价格 一直 在 上涨Zuìjìn liǎng gè yuè nóngchǎnpǐn de jiàgé yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. The prices of agricultural products have been rising for the last 2 months.
  • 今年 汽车的 价格 一直 在 下跌Jīnnián qìchē de jiàgé yīzhí zài xiàdiē. The price of cars has been falling this year.
  • 上海的 物价 最近 一直 在 上涨Shànghǎi de wùjià zuìjìn yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. Prices in Shanghai have been going up recently.
  • 这 几 年 的 房价 一直 在 上涨 Zhè jǐ nián de fángjià yīzhí zài shàngzhǎng. Housing prices have been rising over the past few years.
  • 我 买的 这 支 股票 一直 在 下跌Wǒ mǎi de zhè zhī gǔpiào yīzhí zài xiàdiē. This stock I bought has been falling.

Patterns Using 得

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 得 + [ 很快 / 慢 / 厉害 ]

Example Sentences

  • 物价 上涨 得 太 快,不 是 一 件 好 事情。 Wùjià shàngzhǎng de tài kuài, bù shì yī jiàn hǎo shìqing.Prices are rising too fast, and that's not a good thing.
  • 今年 这 支 股票 下跌 得 很 慢。 Jīnnián zhè zhī gǔpiào xiàdiē de hěn màn.This stock has fallen very slowly this year.
  • 今年 黄金的 价格 上涨 得 很 慢。 Jīnnián huángjīn de jiàgé shàngzhǎng de hěn màn.The price of gold has risen very slowly this year.
  • 今年 物价 上涨 得 厉害。 Jīnnián wùjià shàngzhǎng de lìhai.This year, prices have risen sharply.
  • 2018 年 的 房价 上涨 得 很 快。 2018 nián de fángjià shàngzhǎng de hěn kuài.Housing prices have risen very quickly in 2018.

Patterns Using 到

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 到

Example Sentences

  • 这个 小镇的 地价 从 原来的 4000 多 元 一 亩 上涨 到 每 亩 6000 元。 Zhège xiǎozhèn de dejià cóng yuánlái de 4000 duō Yuán yī mǔ shàngzhǎng dào měi mǔ liùqiān Yuán.The price of land in this town has risen from over $4,000 an acre to $6,000 per acre.
  • 猪肉的 价格 从 年初的 9 元 一 斤 下跌 到 7 元 左右。 Zhūròu de jiàgé cóng niánchū de jiǔ Yuán yī jīn xiàdiē dào qī Yuán zuǒyòu.The price of pork has dropped from $9 a catty at the beginning of the year to about $7.
  • 原油的 价格 上涨 到 每 桶 70 美元。 Yuányóu de jiàgé shàngzhǎng dào měi tǒng qīshí Měiyuán.The price of crude oil rose to $70 per barrel.
  • 市场 价格 下跌 到 一定 水平 后 不 再 上涨。 Shìchǎng jiàgé xiàdiē dào yīdìng shuǐpíng hòu bù zài shàngzhǎng.The market price drops to a certain level and then does not rise again.
  • 石油 公司的 股票 价格 从 3 美元 上涨 到 15 美元。 Shíyóu gōngsī de gǔpiào jiàgé cóng sān Měiyuán shàngzhǎng dào shíwǔ Měiyuán.The stock price of the oil company rose from $3 to $15.

Patterns Using 又

Structure

Subj. + 又 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了

Example Sentences

  • 和 上 个 月 比,物价上涨 了。 Hé shàng gè yuè bǐ, wùjià yòu shàngzhǎng le.Compared to last month, prices have gone up again.
  • 北京的 房价上涨 了。 Běijīng de fángjià yòu shàngzhǎng le.Beijing's housing prices have risen again.
  • 这 两 天,人民币下跌 了! Zhè liǎng tiān, rénmínbì yòu xiàdiē le!In the past two days, the Yuan has fallen again!
  • 石油 价格 又 上涨 了,油价 下跌 很 难。 Shíyóu jiàgé yòu shàngzhǎng le, yóujià xiàdiē hěn nán. Oil prices have gone up again, and it's hard for oil prices to go down.
  • 根据 数据 显示,大豆 价格下跌 了。 Gēnjù shùjù xiǎnshì, dàdòu jiàgé yòu xiàdiē le.According to the data, soybean prices have fallen again.

Patterns Using 再

Structure

Subj. + 再 + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ]

Example Sentences

  • 我 觉得 下半年 房价 还 会 上涨Wǒ juéde xiàbànnián fángjià hái huì zài shàngzhǎng. I think housing prices will go up again in the second half of the year.
  • 如果 猪肉的 价格 上涨,真 吃不起 猪肉 了。 Rúguǒ zhūròu de jiàgé zài shàngzhǎng , zhēn chībǔqi zhūròu le.If the price of pork goes up again, we really can't afford to eat pork.
  • 经过 我的 分析,这 支 股票 还 会 上涨Jīngguò wǒ de fēnxī, zhè zhī gǔpiào hái huì zài shàngzhǎng. After my analysis, this stock will go up again.
  • 最近 炒 黄金 炒得 厉害,不知道 金价 还 会 不 会 上涨? Zuìjìn chǎo huángjīn chǎo de lìhai, bù zhīdào jīnjià hái huì bù huì zài shàngzhǎng? Recently, the speculation in gold is very strong, I wonder if the gold price will rise again?
  • 国内 和 国际 市场 都 不 想 让 石油 价格 上涨Guónèi hé guójì shìchǎng dōu bù xiǎng ràng shíyóu jiàgé zài shàngzhǎng. Both domestic and international markets do not want oil prices to rise any further.

Patterns Using 了 with Percentages

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + X%

Example Sentences

  • 今年 南京 市 的 房价 下跌1%Jīnnián Nánjīng shì de fángjià xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī yī. House prices in Nanjing have fallen by 1% this year.
  • 这 支 股票 今天 下跌5%Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī wǔ. This stock fell 5% today.
  • 阿里巴巴 上市 后,第一 天 就 上涨3%Ālǐbābā shàngshì hòu, dì-yī tiān jiù shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān. Alibaba rose 3% on its first day of trading.
  • 9月,中国 物价 上涨 了 3%,肉价 上涨46.9%Jiǔ yuè, Zhōngguó wùjià shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, ròu jià shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sìshíliù diǎn jiǔ. In September, prices in China rose by 3% and meat prices rose by 46.9%.
  • 2013年 全球 酒店的 平均 价格 上涨3%2013 nián quánqiú jiǔdiàn de píngjūn jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān. The average price of hotels worldwide increased by 3% in 2013.

Patterns Using 了 with 倍

Structure

Subj. + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number + 倍

Example Sentences

  • 日本 全国 平均 土地 价格 上涨1 倍Rìběn quánguó píngjūn tǔdì jiàgé shàngzhǎng le yī bèi. Japan's national average land price has increased by a factor of 1.
  • 生产 汽车 需要 的 钢材 几乎 上涨2 倍Shēngchǎn qìchē xūyào de gāngcái jīhū shàngzhǎng le liǎng bèi. The steel needed to produce automobiles has increased almost twofold.
  • 近 10 年 来 钢铁 投资 上涨4 倍 左右。 Jìn shí nián lái gāngtiě tóuzī shàngzhǎng le sì bèi zuǒyòu.Steel investment has risen about fourfold in the last 10 years.
  • 鸡蛋 价格 上涨 了 3%,但是 成本 却 上涨三 四 倍Jīdàn jiàgé shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī sān, dànshì chéngběn què shàngzhǎng le sān sì bèi. The price of eggs has gone up by 3%, but the cost has gone up three or four times.
  • 黑色 金属的 价格 上涨30 倍Hēisè jīnshǔ de jiàgé shàngzhǎng le sānshí bèi. The price of ferrous metals has risen 30 times.

Patterns Using 比

Structure

Time + 比 + Time + [ 上涨 / 下跌 ] + 了 + Number [ % / 倍 ]

Example Sentences

  • 成都的 房价 这个 季度 上 个 季度 上涨 了 2 倍。 Chéngdū de fángjià zhège jìdù shàng gè jìdù shàngzhǎng le liǎng bèi. House prices in Chengdu have increased twofold this quarter compared to the previous quarter.
  • 石油的 价格 今年 去年 上涨 了 5 倍。 Shíyóu de jiàgé jīnnián qùnián shàngzhǎng le wǔ bèi.The price of oil has risen fivefold this year compared to last year.
  • 今年 黄金的 价格 和 去年 下跌 了 5%。 Jīnnián huángjīn de jiàgé hé qùnián , xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī wǔ.This year, the price of gold has fallen by 5% compared to last year.
  • 这 支 股票 今天 昨天 上涨 了 1%。 Zhè zhī gǔpiào jīntiān zuótiān shàngzhǎng le bǎi fēn zhī yī.The stock is up 1% today compared to yesterday.
  • 2007 年 下半年,中国的 进口 商品 价格 上半年 下跌 了 4.1%。 2007 nián xiàbànnián, Zhōngguó de jìnkǒu shāngpǐn jiàgé shàngbànnián xiàdiē le bǎi fēn zhī sì diǎn yī.In the second half of 2007, China's import prices fell by 4.1% compared to the first half of the year.

Patterns Using 给 with 涨工资

Structure

给 + Person + 涨工资

Example Sentences

  • 老板 工资 了。 Lǎobǎn gěi zhǎng gōngzī le.My boss gave me a pay raise.
  • 如果 老板 不 工资,我 就 辞职。 Rúguǒ lǎobǎn bù gěi zhǎng gōngzī, wǒ jiù cízhí.If my boss doesn't give me a pay raise, I'll quit.
  • 我 希望 能 工资。 Wǒ xīwàng néng gěi zhǎng gōngzī.I would like to give him a pay raise.

Patterns Using 了 with 涨工资

Structure

涨 + 了 + Number + 的 + 工资

Example Sentences

  • 今年 老板 给 我 一 千 块的 工资。 Jīnnián lǎobǎn gěi wǒ zhǎng le yī qiān kuài de gōngzī.This year, my boss gave me a $1,000 pay raise.
  • 根据 规定,公司 每年 给 你 5% 的 工资。 Gēnjù guīdìng, gōngsī měi nián gěi nǐ zhǎng bǎi fēn zhī wǔ de gōngzī.As a rule, the company gives you a 5% salary increase every year.

Sources and further reading

Websites