Difference between revisions of "Comparing “renshi" and “zhidao""

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Both 认识 (rènshi) and 知道 (zhīdao) mean "to know". However, as they are used to convey different kinds of “knowing”, 认识 and 知道 pair with different words and are used in different contexts.
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<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
 
<tr>
 
<th style="width:24%"> </th>
 
<th style="width:33%"> 认识 (rènshi)</th>
 
<th style="width:33%"> 知道 (zhīdao)</th>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<th>Meaning</th><td>personal knowledge of (personally knowing someone, some place, or something)</td><td class="liju">having knowledge of (knowing about someone, some place, or something)</td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<th>Part of Speech</th><td> verb (principle use) and noun</td><td class="liju"> verb</td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<th>Formality</th><td>formal and informal</td><td class="liju">formal and informal</td>
 
</tr>
 
</table>
 
 
 
== Similarities ==
 
 
 
=== Common Phrases ===
 
 
 
The following phrases work with BOTH 认识 and 知道(although the meaning is different, using 认识 the phrases mean “personally knowing”, using 知道 the phrases mean “knowing about”):
 
 
 
* 他~你
 
* ~一个人
 
* ~老师
 
* ~他/她
 
 
 
=== Example Sentences ===
 
 
 
In the following sentences, 认识 and 知道 BOTH can be used interchangeably(again the meaning is different, using 认识 the sentences mean “personally knowing”, using 知道 the sentences mean “knowing about”):
 
 
 
<div class="liju">
 
* 我 <em>认识</em> 马老师。
 
* 他们 <em>知道</em> 一 个 人 , 他 能 帮 我们 解决 问题 。
 
* 小刘 <em>认识</em> 我的 朋友 。
 
* 我 <em>知道</em> 他 。
 
* 他说他 <em>认识</em> 你 。
 
</div>
 
 
 
== Differences ==
 
 
 
=== Common Phrases ===
 
 
 
These phrases work only with 认识: 充分~, ~路, ~地方, ~世界
 
 
 
=== Example Sentences ===
 
 
 
Only “认识” can be used in the following sentences:
 
 
 
<div class="liju">
 
* 你跟你老公是怎么 <em>认识</em> 的?
 
* 你们先互相 <em>认识</em> ,然后我们开始讨论。
 
* 那个时候我刚来上海,不 <em>认识</em> 什么本地的朋友。
 
* 我不 <em>认识</em> 路。
 
* 我们 <em>认识</em> 的那一天就是他25岁的生日。
 
* 我不 <em>认识</em> 那个地方。
 
* 她是你朋友,你应该 <em>认识</em> 她。
 
* 你们 <em>认识</em> 才几个月,就要结婚了?
 
* 我们已经 <em>认识</em> 十几年了。
 
</div>
 
 
=== Example Sentences ===
 
 
 
Only 知道 can be used in the following sentences:
 
 
 
<div class="liju">
 
* 你 <em>知道</em> 你父母的生日吗?
 
* 这是我第一次来中国,我不 <em>知道</em> 去哪里玩最好。
 
* 你不 <em>知道</em> 他有女朋友吗?
 
* 我一直生活在城市,不太 <em>知道</em> 农村人的生活习惯。
 
* 你 <em>知道</em> 李老师是一名很出名的科学家吗?
 
* 他 <em>知道</em> 你的意思。
 
* 我真不 <em>知道</em> 怎么说。
 
* 我 <em>知道</em> 这道题的答案。
 
* 他 <em>知道</em> 自己是错的。
 
* 老师说他不 <em>知道</em> 我们什么时候才能到重庆。
 
</div>
 
 
 
== Advanced Comparison ==
 
 
 
=== Parts of Speech ===
 
 
 
认识 is principally used as a verb (it can also be used as a noun, but is rather limited in usage and outside the scope of this comparison), whereas 知道 is only a verb.
 
 
 
=== Meaning ===
 
 
 
认识 also means “to meet”, as in a first time encounter with another person. After meeting someone for the first time, 认识 is almost always used in these fixed phrases to mean “nice to meet you”:
 
 
 
<div class="liju">
 
* 认识你很高兴!
 
* 很高兴认识你!
 
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
=== Simultaneous Use ===
 
 
 
Sometimes both 认识 and 知道 are used the same sentence:
 
 
 
<div class="liju">
 
* 我们已经认识十几年了,可是他的很多事情我都知道。
 
* 小李,你不知道我有女朋友吗,她是咱们去年在南京旅游的时候认识的那个大学生。
 
</div>
 

Revision as of 08:59, 11 August 2021