Difference between revisions of "Expressing wasted efforts with "bai""

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白 doesn't only mean "white". When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect". In a certain way, tyou can think of 白 as not being just "white" but also "blank", like when you do something for a long time without thinking, and you're just going through the motions. It's like doing something with a "blank" mind.
 
白 doesn't only mean "white". When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect". In a certain way, tyou can think of 白 as not being just "white" but also "blank", like when you do something for a long time without thinking, and you're just going through the motions. It's like doing something with a "blank" mind.
  
== Structure ==
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== Structure with just 白 ==
  
All you have to do is but 白 before the verb.
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All you have to do is but 白 before the verb.One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 帮, 做, 学 etc. You cannot put a 地 after 白.
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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</div>
 
</div>
  
== Examples ==
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=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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* 他 不 来 吃 饭 了,我 这 些 菜 <em>白</em> 做了。
 
* 他 不 来 吃 饭 了,我 这 些 菜 <em>白</em> 做了。
 
* 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,<em>白</em> 学 了 这么 长 时间。
 
* 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,<em>白</em> 学 了 这么 长 时间。
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</div>
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== Structure with 白白 ==
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白 can also be replaced with 白白, and they are basically the same, though 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 also is usually paired with a disyllabic word, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地.
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=== Examples ===
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<div class="liju">
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* 明天白 不 考 中文, 小王 <em>白白</em> 准备 了 一 天。
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* 他 没 有 来 了,我 在 飞机场 <em>白白</em> 地 等 了 他 四 个 小时。
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* 她 <em>白白</em> 学 了 十 年 的 英语, 她 看得懂 英文,但是 连 简单 的 对话 都 不 会 说!
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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* [[现代汉语八百词]] (p.58) [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
 
* [[现代汉语八百词]] (p.58) [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
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* [[Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)]] (p.160-161) [http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ →buy]
  
 
[[Category:B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B2 grammar points]]

Revision as of 02:25, 26 February 2013


白 doesn't only mean "white". When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect". In a certain way, tyou can think of 白 as not being just "white" but also "blank", like when you do something for a long time without thinking, and you're just going through the motions. It's like doing something with a "blank" mind.

Structure with just 白

All you have to do is but 白 before the verb.One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 帮, 做, 学 etc. You cannot put a 地 after 白.

白+V.

Examples

  • 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。
  • 写 了 两 个 小时 的 报告,老板 不 需要 了。
  • 他 不 来 吃 饭 了,我 这 些 菜 做了。
  • 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说, 学 了 这么 长 时间。

Structure with 白白

白 can also be replaced with 白白, and they are basically the same, though 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 also is usually paired with a disyllabic word, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地.

Examples

  • 明天白 不 考 中文, 小王 白白 准备 了 一 天。
  • 他 没 有 来 了,我 在 飞机场 白白 地 等 了 他 四 个 小时。
  • 白白 学 了 十 年 的 英语, 她 看得懂 英文,但是 连 简单 的 对话 都 不 会 说!


Sources and further reading

HSK5