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− | Similar Meanings of 又 and 再
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− | 又 and 再 both of them can be translated as „again“ but their meaning is different.
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− | • 又 expresses reapeating of some event or action, but in the past. Is often acompanied with 了。
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− | 昨天他又迟到了,我就发火了。
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− | • 再 expresses reapeating of the ''exact'' same event or action, but in the future.
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− | 明天他再迟到,我就发火了。
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− | '''However'''
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− | • 又 can be also used to express future. It can be used in 3 possible ways:
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− | ⁃ It espresses something what will definitely be repeated in the future, usually it is used in a combinations 又是…..了,又该….了,又要…..了。
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− | 明天他又要不来,他妈妈生病了。
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− | ⁃ It expresses a guess about future. It is often used in combinations with 会 or 要
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− | 明天又会下雨。
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− | ⁃ It expresses a wish about a future. It is often followed by 要
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− | 明天我又要见到他,我就很高兴。
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− | All of those 3 examples do not express repeating of an ''exact'' same action in the future, so we can not use 再。
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− | • 再 can be used sometimes to also express past events. It is used in a meaning that something didn’t reapeat in the past.
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− | 我没有再给他发短信,我们分手了已经很长时间了。
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− | '''Different meanings of 再 and 又'''
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− | Here are some examples. For more detailed information see also [[Again in the future with "zai"]] or „[[Again in the past with "you"]]
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− | Various usages of 再
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− | • 再 can express graduation.
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− | 给我再大一点的吧。
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− | • 再 can express comparison
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− | 没有比她再漂亮的女孩子
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− | • 再 as „And than…“
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− | 先吃完饭再说话。
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− | • 再 as „Another“
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− | 再来一瓶啤酒
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− | • 再….下去 in „If oit goes on like this, than . . . „
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− | 再这么干下去,我就走了。
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− | • 再不 - as „If“
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− | 你再不回家,父母很着急。
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− | • 再 in „Never again“ - 再也不/不再/再不
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− | Both of them means the end of some action, but there are differences in the meanings.
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− | ⁃ 再不 - strong decision.
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− | 我再不抽烟,抽烟对身体不好。
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− | ⁃ 不再 - objective statement.
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− | 明天我不再抽烟,因为我没有钱买烟。
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− | Whe it is a course of events that can not be influenced by a person, than we can not use 再不. There are sentences, where we can use both 再不 and 不再, but sentence with 再不 has much stronger meaning.
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− | 我不再喝酒。I will not drink again.
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− | 我再不喝酒。I definitely will not drink again!
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− | ⁃ ?再不 and 再也不 have the exact same meaning?
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− | '''Various usages of 又'''
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− | • 又 as „also“
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− | 他很笨,又很丑。
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− | • 又 expressing a process
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− | 他改了又改了,还是没好。
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− | • 又 as „still“
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− | 我告诉他我不想他在这里,他又不走。
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− | • 又 in double negative sentences
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− | 你又不是不知道,我现在不拿工资,哪儿会有钱。
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− | • 又 in inerogative sentence
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− | 那边不高,又有什么可怕的?
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− | 对外汉语教学语法释疑201例 (pp. 120-135)
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− | 实用对外汉语教学语法 (pp. 203 - 208)
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− | A pictorial guide to difficult chinese (pp. 68)
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− | *[[Common Chinese Patterns 330 (汉语常用格式330例)]] (pp. 299) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7802006473/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=7802006473 →buy] [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp/ref=as_li_ss_tl?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B002ZNK7JE&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B002ZNK7JE →买]
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− | * [[Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 2 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)]] (pp. 174) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7301078617/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=7301078617 →buy]
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− | * [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1]] (pp. 157) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276792 →buy]
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− | * [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2]] (pp. 288) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276881/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0887276881 →buy]
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− | * [[New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)]] (pp. 202) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X →buy]
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