Difference between revisions of "Placement of "le" with objects"
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* 我在外面吃 <em>了</em>晚饭才回家的 。<span class="trans">I went home after I had dinner out.</span> | * 我在外面吃 <em>了</em>晚饭才回家的 。<span class="trans">I went home after I had dinner out.</span> | ||
* 你结<em>了</em>婚才能要这个孩子。<span class="trans">You can't keep this baby until you get married.</span> | * 你结<em>了</em>婚才能要这个孩子。<span class="trans">You can't keep this baby until you get married.</span> | ||
− | * 刚刚给你换<em>了</em>干净的衣服,又被你弄脏了。<span class="trans">I just | + | * 刚刚给你换<em>了</em>干净的衣服,又被你弄脏了。<span class="trans">I just gave you clean clothes and you made them dirty again.</span> |
− | * 昨天老板请我们吃 <em>了</em> 火锅,今天又要跟你一起去吃火锅。<span class="trans">Our boss treated us | + | * 昨天老板请我们吃 <em>了</em> 火锅,今天又要跟你一起去吃火锅。<span class="trans">Our boss treated us to hotpot yesterday, and I'm going to have hotpot again with you today .</span> |
* 我们下<em>了</em>课就去买东西吧。<span class="trans">Let's go shopping right after we finish school.</span> | * 我们下<em>了</em>课就去买东西吧。<span class="trans">Let's go shopping right after we finish school.</span> | ||
− | * 他大学毕<em>了</em>业就去美国了。<span class="trans">He went to the | + | * 他大学毕<em>了</em>业就去美国了。<span class="trans">He went to the United States right after he graduated from college.</span> |
− | * 吃<em>了</em>晚饭再走吧。<span class="trans"> | + | * 吃<em>了</em>晚饭再走吧。<span class="trans">How about you eat dinner first before you leave.</span> |
* 买<em>了</em>房再结婚吧。<span class="trans">Let's buy the house before we get married.</span> | * 买<em>了</em>房再结婚吧。<span class="trans">Let's buy the house before we get married.</span> | ||
Revision as of 08:28, 25 June 2015
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(training summary)
"了"有两个,这里我们主要讨论的是“了1”的用法。“了1”用在动词后主要表示动作或者状态的完成、实现,可以独立成句。动词后有宾语的情况下,“了1”一般用于宾语之前。
Structure
V.+了1+O.
Examples
- 我今天去见 了朋友 。I went to see my friends today.
- 他刚刚换了新工作 。He just found a new job.
- 我给你发了邮件,你收到了吗?I sent you an email.Did you receive it?
动词加了加宾语在有些情况下并不独立成句,要有后续小句加以补充,作时间状语或条件状语。可以用于过去、现在、和将来。
Structure
V.+了+O.+就/再/又···
Examples
- 我在外面吃 了晚饭才回家的 。I went home after I had dinner out.
- 你结了婚才能要这个孩子。You can't keep this baby until you get married.
- 刚刚给你换了干净的衣服,又被你弄脏了。I just gave you clean clothes and you made them dirty again.
- 昨天老板请我们吃 了 火锅,今天又要跟你一起去吃火锅。Our boss treated us to hotpot yesterday, and I'm going to have hotpot again with you today .
- 我们下了课就去买东西吧。Let's go shopping right after we finish school.
- 他大学毕了业就去美国了。He went to the United States right after he graduated from college.
- 吃了晚饭再走吧。How about you eat dinner first before you leave.
- 买了房再结婚吧。Let's buy the house before we get married.
动词加了1加宾语,再加了2,既表示动作的完成,又表示事态有所变化。
Structure
V.+了1+O.+了2
Structure
V.(+了)+num. phrase+O.+了
Examples
- 我在中国住 了 十几年了。I live in China for more than 10 years up till now.
- 她学中文差不多五年了 。She's been studying Chinese for almost 5 years.
- 我爸妈结婚快三十年了 。My parents have been married for almost 30 years.
V.+了+num. phrase+O.+了表示动作到说话时已经持续了一段时间或者达到了一定数量,还要继续或极可能继续。这种情况下,第一个“了”一般都是可以省略的。但不是所有的动词都可以用于第一种句型,比如“结婚、离婚、工作”这些动作性不强的动词,有些看起来是动宾结构,但是没有离合的用法。
宾语前的修饰性成分是主谓结构,表示特指,“了”可以位于宾语后。
动词后的宾语若没有修饰性成分,“了”置于宾语前,表示动作完成或者实现。若句末再加一个“了”则表示强调,加强肯定语气。
动宾结构的动词作谓语时,V.+了+O.表示句子还没完,还有后续的分句补充。V.+O.+了表示动作或者状态的完成。