Difference between revisions of "Placement of "le" with objects"
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* 他今天去见 <em>了</em>朋友。<span class="trans">He went to see my friends today.</span> | * 他今天去见 <em>了</em>朋友。<span class="trans">He went to see my friends today.</span> | ||
| − | * 我 吃<em>了</em>早饭。<span class="trans">I had my breakfast.</span> | + | * 我 刚 吃<em>了</em>早饭。<span class="trans">I just had my breakfast.</span> |
* 妈妈 找 到 <em>了</em>新 工作。<span class="trans">Mom found a new job.</span> | * 妈妈 找 到 <em>了</em>新 工作。<span class="trans">Mom found a new job.</span> | ||
* 你 买<em>了</em>iPhone！<span class="trans">You bought an iPhone6！</span> | * 你 买<em>了</em>iPhone！<span class="trans">You bought an iPhone6！</span> | ||
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| − | + | 注：动词后的宾语如果只是一个简单的宾语，句子不能自足，语气也不完整。宾语一般都要有说明性成分，如数量短语、形容词、限定性短语或者句中有说明时间、地点、原因及方式的状语成分。 | |
Revision as of 09:00, 29 June 2015
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(training summary)
"了"有两个，这里我们主要讨论的是“了1”的用法。“了1”用在动词后主要表示动作或者状态的完成、实现，可以独立成句。
Contents
Structure
V.+了+O.
Examples
- 他今天去见 了朋友。He went to see my friends today.
- 我 刚 吃了早饭。I just had my breakfast.
- 妈妈 找 到 了新 工作。Mom found a new job.
- 你 买了iPhone！You bought an iPhone6！
- 昨天 我 给 你 打了电话。I called you yesterday.
注：动词后的宾语如果只是一个简单的宾语，句子不能自足，语气也不完整。宾语一般都要有说明性成分，如数量短语、形容词、限定性短语或者句中有说明时间、地点、原因及方式的状语成分。
如果句末再加一个“了”，则表示加强肯定语气，这时宾语因为是特指的，所以可能就是非常简单的。
Examples
- 我做 了作业 了,你 要 看 吗？I did finish my homework .You wanna have a check?
- 我们 来 这儿 以前 吃 了 饭 了。We did have our dinner before we came here .
- 他问了经理 了,经理说行。He did asked the manager and he said yes.
如果宾语前面有数量短语修饰，“了”一般都在紧跟在动词后面。既表示动作的完成，又表示事态有所变化。此时的宾语其实是特指的对象。
Structure
V.+了+数量短语（名量）+O.
Examples
- 我 买 了 五 本 他的书。I bought five of his books.
- 他们 昨天 看了 两 场 电影。 They went to see two movies yesterday .
- 他 午饭 花 了 两千多块。He spent more than two thousand on his lunch.
- 你 请 了 几个 朋友？How many friends have you invited?
- 老师 问 了 五个 问题 .The teacher asked five questions.
如果在句末再加一个“了”则有两层含义：一是强调或暗示数量多；二是表示“还有可能继续”。
- 我 给 他 打了 十 几 个 电话了 。I‘ve made more than ten phone calls to him.
- 他 帮了 几十个 农村 的 孩子 了。 He's helped a few dozens poor kids from the rural area.
- 我哥哥 换 了 三个 女朋友 了。 My elder brother has changed three brothers.
如果宾语前的修饰性成分是一般性形容词、表示从属特指，需要把“了”宾语后。
动宾结构的动词作谓语时，V.+了+O.表示句子还没完，还有后续的分句补充。V.+O.+了表示动作或者状态的完成。
