Difference between revisions of "Expressing "double negation""

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主要分两种,简单的是对能愿动词和谓语动词进行双重否定,较复杂的是对主语和谓语分别进行否定。
 
主要分两种,简单的是对能愿动词和谓语动词进行双重否定,较复杂的是对主语和谓语分别进行否定。
  
== Basic Usage ==
+
== Adding Negation to a Negative Word ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
 
最简单的用法:
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
Subj. + 不是 + 不 / 没 + Predicate
 
Subj. + 不是 + 不 / 没 + Predicate
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
跟能愿动词搭配:
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
Subj. + 不 + 会 / 能 + 不 / 没 + Predicate
+
Subj. + 不 + 会 / 能 / 可能 + 不 / 没 + Predicate
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*我 <em></em> <em>不</em> 知道 怎么 做 ,只是 不 想 做 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> shì <em>bù</em> zhīdào zěnme zuò, zhǐshì bù xiǎng zuò.</span><span class="trans">It's not that I don't know how to do it, I just don't want to do it.</span>
+
*我 <em>不是</em> <em>不</em> 知道 怎么 做 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> shì <em>bù</em> zhīdào zěnme zuò.</span><span class="trans">It's not that I don't know how to do it.</span>
*<em>不</em> <em>没有</em> 钱 ,只是 不 想 乱 花 钱 <span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù</em> shì <em>méiyǒu</em> xiǎngfǎ, zhǐshì bù xiǎng luàn huā qián.</span><span class="trans">It's not that he doesn't have money, it's just he doesn't want to spend it recklessly.</span>
+
*<em>不</em> 可能 <em></em> 知道 。<span class="trans">There is no way she doesn't know about this.</span>
*老板 <em>不</em> 会 <em>不</em> 同意 的 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>bù</em> huì <em>bù</em> tóngyì de.</span><span class="trans">The boss can't disagree.</span>
+
*<em>不</em> 会 <em>不</em> 的 。<span class="pinyin"><em>bù</em> huì <em>bù</em> lái  de.</span><span class="trans">There is no way he's not coming.</span>
*他 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,<em></em> <em></em> 来 参加 你 的 婚礼 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shì nǐ zuìhǎo de péngyou, <em>bù</em> huì <em></em> lái cānjiā nǐ de hūnlǐ.</span><span class="trans">He is your best friend. There is no possibility he won't come take part in your wedding.</span>
+
*他 <em>不是</em> <em>没有</em> 钱 ,是 不 想 乱 花 钱 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù</em> shì <em>méiyǒu</em> xiǎngfǎ, zhǐshì bù xiǎng luàn huā qián.</span><span class="trans">It's not that he doesn't have money, it's just he doesn't want to spend it recklessly.</span>
 
*我 知道 你 想 减肥 ,但是 <em>不</em> 能 <em>不</em> 吃 早饭 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhīdào nǐ xiǎng jiǎnféi, dànshì <em>bù</em> néng <em>bù</em> chī zǎofàn.</span><span class="trans">I know you want to lose weight, but you can't not eat breakfast.</span>
 
*我 知道 你 想 减肥 ,但是 <em>不</em> 能 <em>不</em> 吃 早饭 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhīdào nǐ xiǎng jiǎnféi, dànshì <em>bù</em> néng <em>bù</em> chī zǎofàn.</span><span class="trans">I know you want to lose weight, but you can't not eat breakfast.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
== Advanced Pattern ==
+
== Adding Negation to a Single Noun ==
  
 
这个结构用于遍指,常常用topic comment。"没有一个人"相当于"没有哪个人"或者"没有谁"。
 
这个结构用于遍指,常常用topic comment。"没有一个人"相当于"没有哪个人"或者"没有谁"。

Revision as of 04:50, 20 December 2017

Chinese-grammar-wiki-bu.jpg

主要分两种,简单的是对能愿动词和谓语动词进行双重否定,较复杂的是对主语和谓语分别进行否定。

Adding Negation to a Negative Word

Structure

Subj. + 不是 + 不 / 没 + Predicate

Subj. + 不 + 会 / 能 / 可能 + 不 / 没 + Predicate

The predicate part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective.

Examples

  • 不是 知道 怎么 做 。 shì zhīdào zěnme zuò.It's not that I don't know how to do it.
  • 可能 知道 。There is no way she doesn't know about this.
  • 来 的 。 huì lái de.There is no way he's not coming.
  • 不是 没有 钱 ,是 不 想 乱 花 钱 。 shì méiyǒu xiǎngfǎ, zhǐshì bù xiǎng luàn huā qián.It's not that he doesn't have money, it's just he doesn't want to spend it recklessly.
  • 我 知道 你 想 减肥 ,但是 吃 早饭 。Wǒ zhīdào nǐ xiǎng jiǎnféi, dànshì néng chī zǎofàn.I know you want to lose weight, but you can't not eat breakfast.

Adding Negation to a Single Noun

这个结构用于遍指,常常用topic comment。"没有一个人"相当于"没有哪个人"或者"没有谁"。

Structure

没有 + [Single Noun] + 不 / 没 + Predicate + 的

Examples

  • 没有 一 个 人 讨厌 他 Méiyǒu yī gè rén tǎoyàn tā de.There is not one person who doesn't dislike him.
  • 我们 公司 没有 一 个 员工 会 说 英语 Wǒmen gōngsī méiyǒu yī gè yuángōng huì shuō Yīngyǔ de.Our company doesn't have a single employee who can't speak English.
  • 他 的 女朋友 没有 一 个 漂亮 Tā de nǚpéngyou méiyǒu yī gè piàoliang de.None of his girlfriends were not beautiful.
  • 我们 家 没有 一 个 上 过 大学 Wǒmen jiā méiyǒu yī gè méi shàng guo dàxué de.Our family doesn't have a single person who didn't go to college.
  • 学校 的 活动 他 没有 一 次 参加 Xuéxiào de huódòng tā méiyǒu yī cì cānjiā de.There is no single school activity that he didn't attend.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books