Difference between revisions of "Comparing "chao" "xiang" and "wang""
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All three of these, 朝, 向, and 往 can be used to indicate direction or position. When these preposition phrases are used in before the verb, the three have the same structure and their meaning is the same. You can swap them in and out. | All three of these, 朝, 向, and 往 can be used to indicate direction or position. When these preposition phrases are used in before the verb, the three have the same structure and their meaning is the same. You can swap them in and out. | ||
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== When using "朝", "向", and "往" is appropriate== | == When using "朝", "向", and "往" is appropriate== | ||
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向 and 往 can be placed after the verb, however it has to be used with an appropriate verb, Often used verbs are 开, 飞, 发, 运, 送, 寄, 带, 驶 etc. As you can see, this are words that at least imply some sort of motion. In addition, compared to 向, 往 is used more often with those verbs, because 往 expresses the destination while 向 merely expresses a direction, 朝 cannot be used this way. | 向 and 往 can be placed after the verb, however it has to be used with an appropriate verb, Often used verbs are 开, 飞, 发, 运, 送, 寄, 带, 驶 etc. As you can see, this are words that at least imply some sort of motion. In addition, compared to 向, 往 is used more often with those verbs, because 往 expresses the destination while 向 merely expresses a direction, 朝 cannot be used this way. | ||
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=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
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When the action that takes place is specified to a specific target, use 向 or 朝. 往 cannot be used this way. Also, when the verb is a concrete action, the use of 向 and 朝 are the same, and they can be interchanged. | When the action that takes place is specified to a specific target, use 向 or 朝. 往 cannot be used this way. Also, when the verb is a concrete action, the use of 向 and 朝 are the same, and they can be interchanged. | ||
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=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
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When the verb has an abstract meaning, you can only use 向, and you cannot use 朝. | When the verb has an abstract meaning, you can only use 向, and you cannot use 朝. | ||
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=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
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Revision as of 07:51, 27 February 2013
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All three of these, 朝, 向, and 往 can be used to indicate direction or position. When these preposition phrases are used in before the verb, the three have the same structure and their meaning is the same. You can swap them in and out.
Contents
When using "朝", "向", and "往" is appropriate
Structure
Just put one of the three before the direction and the verb!
向/朝/往 + 具体方向 + Verb
Examples
- 从 这里 向 / 朝 / 往 北 走 两 百 米 就 到 了。
- 这 个 小 女孩 向 左 看 看 又 向 右 看 看 才 过 马路。
- 我 看见 他 朝 你们 家 去 了。
- 往 前 走 十 分 钟。
When to use "向" and "往"
向 and 往 can be placed after the verb, however it has to be used with an appropriate verb, Often used verbs are 开, 飞, 发, 运, 送, 寄, 带, 驶 etc. As you can see, this are words that at least imply some sort of motion. In addition, compared to 向, 往 is used more often with those verbs, because 往 expresses the destination while 向 merely expresses a direction, 朝 cannot be used this way.
Structure
Verb + 向/往 + 具体方向
Examples
- 这 趟 火车 开 往 沈阳。
- 这 趟 航班 飞 往 纽约。
- 一 辆 黑 色 的 小 轿车 慢慢地 从 东 驶 向 西。
- 像 鸟儿 一样 飞 向 蓝天。
When to use "向" and "朝"
When the action that takes place is specified to a specific target, use 向 or 朝. 往 cannot be used this way. Also, when the verb is a concrete action, the use of 向 and 朝 are the same, and they can be interchanged.
Structure
向/朝 + 动作的对象 + 具体意义的动词
Examples
- 他 向 / 朝 我 笑 了 笑。
- 我 朝 他 开 了 一 枪。
- 他 已经 向 全体 员工 解释 过 了。
When to use just "向"
When the verb has an abstract meaning, you can only use 向, and you cannot use 朝.
Structure
向 + 动作的对象 + 抽象意义的动词
Examples
- 他 是 优秀 员工，我们 都 要 向 他 学习。
- 我们 要 向 环保 部门 要求 严查 工厂 排污。
Examples of right and wrong sentences
- 你 现在 是 开 往 市 中心 吗？
- 你 现在 是 开 向 市 中心 吗？
- 向 雷锋 同志 学习！
- 帅哥 向 我 笑 了。
- 帅哥 朝 我 笑 了。
- 你 现在 是 开 朝 市 中心 吗？
- 朝 雷锋 同志 学习！
- 往 雷锋 同志 学习！
- 帅哥 往 我 笑 了。
Example dialog
- A: 他 往 南 走 了。
- B: 你 怎么 让 他 往 南 走 呢？南 边 很 危险。
- A: 你 朝 我 发 什么 火？我 说 了 他 不 听。
- B: 我 不 应该 朝 你 发火？难道 我 要 向 你 表示 感谢？
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） ("向"，"朝"与"往"p.196) →buy
- 现代汉语虚词例释 (朝p.79, 向 p.505)
