Difference between revisions of "Expressing "on the basis of" with "ping""
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| − | * 怪不得 那 个 孩子 的 数学 不 好，他 只 <em>凭</em> 计算器 算。 | + | * 怪不得 那 个 孩子 的 数学 不 好，他 只 <em>凭</em> 计算器 算。<span class="trans">No wonder that kid's math is so bad. It's because he always uses a calculator.</span> |
| − | * 学好 跳舞 不 能 只 <em>凭</em> 看 迈克尔·杰克逊 的 音乐 录像带， 还 得 凭 自己 的 努力。 | + | * 学好 跳舞 不 能 只 <em>凭</em> 看 迈克尔·杰克逊 的 音乐 录像带， 还 得 凭 自己 的 努力。<span class="trans">Watching Michael Jackson music videos isn't enough to study how to dance. You also have to push yourself.</span> |
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Revision as of 01:56, 3 July 2013
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Keywords
凭 is a preposition that means "on the basis of" or "by virtue of". Usually the subject of a sentence with 凭 is a person.
Contents
Structure with 凭
凭 with a noun
凭 can be followed up with a noun or noun phrase. The nouns can be something concrete like 银行卡, 身份证, etc., or they can be something abstract like 经验, 努力, 感觉 etc.
凭 + noun/noun phrase
Examples
- 凭 护照， 外国 人 可以 买 火车 票。With the help of a passport, foreigners can buy train tickets.
- 他 凭 自己 的 努力 学 了 三千 多 个 汉字。He studied more than three thousand Chinese characters on his own volition.
- 我们 凭 学生证 在 电影院 享受 折扣 优待。Since we have student ID cards, we enjoy a special discount at the movie theater.
凭 with a verb phrase
凭 can also be used with a verb phrase or subject-predicate phrase,as follows:
凭 + verb phrase/subject-predicate phrase
Examples
- 怪不得 那 个 孩子 的 数学 不 好，他 只 凭 计算器 算。No wonder that kid's math is so bad. It's because he always uses a calculator.
- 学好 跳舞 不 能 只 凭 看 迈克尔·杰克逊 的 音乐 录像带， 还 得 凭 自己 的 努力。Watching Michael Jackson music videos isn't enough to study how to dance. You also have to push yourself.
凭 with 什么
This is one of the most common grammatical phrases, heard many times. It often has a feeling of dissatisfaction or anger, perhaps said while people are arguing. It is like saying "On what basis do you ...!?!?" Usually it is paired with blame, scold, hit etc.
Subject + 凭什么 + noun phrase
Examples
- 你 凭什么 怪 我！
- 我 没有 做 错，他 凭什么 骂 我？
- 她 一直 很忠诚， 你 凭什么 怀疑 她？
Structure with 凭着
You can also add 着 to 凭 to make it 凭着, however when you do so you can only use it if the action has already been completed. If the actions happens frequently or has not happened yet, you cannot use 凭着. The structure is the same as using 凭 by itself.
凭着 + noun/noun phrase
Examples
- 小白 凭着 自己 的 努力 致富。
- 他 凭着 智慧 战胜 了 很多 的 困难。
