Expressing "except" and "in addition" with "chule… yiwai"
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"除了... (以外), 也/还..." (chúle... (yǐwài), yě/hái...) is a pattern used to express "except", "besides", and "in addition".
Here's the basic structure when talking about exceptions:
除了 + Noun Phrase + (以外) + Noun Phrase + 都 + Verb
Here are some examples:
- 除了 妈妈 以外，我们 全家 都 去 香港。
- 除了 白酒 以外，他 什么 都 喝。
- 除了 小 王 以外，我们 都 能 说 英语。
The pattern can also be used to mean "in addition". An important note is that either 除了 or 以外 can be omitted from the sentence without losing its meaning.
In this pattern, the structure differs only slightly, substituting 都 with 也:
除了 + Noun Phrase + (以外) + Noun Phrase + 也 + Verb
Here are some examples when using the "in addition" form:
- 除了 日本 以外 ，我 也 想 去 台湾 流行。
- 除了 中国人，很 多 美国人 也 喜欢 赌博。
- 汉堡包 以外 ，她 也 喜欢 吃 热狗。
Sources and further reading
Books
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Reader (NEEDS AMAZON AFFILIATE LINK)
