Measure word "ge"
The measure word 个 is the most common measure word. It can be used for any noun if you can't think of a more precise measure word. Also, for a lot of nouns, 个 is the correct measure word.
General structure
The general structure for 个 (and measure words in general) is:
Number + 个 + Noun
You can specify the quantity of any noun with this structure. Note that any noun with quantity must have a measure word in Chinese.
Some examples:
- 一个人
- 两个人
- 三个苹果
- 一个三明治
- 八十个诗人
Omitting the number
If the number is one, you can omit it. This is equivalent to a or an in English, for example in "a person" or "an idiot". This is only necessary if you want to emphasise the quantity of one. Otherwise you don't need to use a measure word at all.
Some examples:
- 他是个喜欢喝醉的人。
- 这是个好吃的苹果。
- 我是个英国绅士。