Idiomatic phrases with "zai"
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You probably already know how to express location with "在". In this article, we'll go more in depth as to how you can make idiomatic phrases using that construction. This kind of form is actually similar to some that we have in English, so it won't be too difficult.
Contents
"on the Topic of" with 在⋯⋯上
This construction can be translated as "on the topic of" or "in regards to." It can be used to comment on an idea or concept. The examples below will help.
Structure
在 + Topic + 上 ,⋯⋯
Examples
- 在 这 个 问题 上 ,我们 的 看法 不 一样 。In regards to this problem, our opinions are not the same.
- 这 两 位 汉语 老师 在 教学 方法 上 有 很 大 的 不同 。These two Chinese teachers have big differences in their teaching methods.
- 这个 句子 在 语法 上 没 什么 问题 ,但是 不 太 地道 。This sentence is okay to say in terms of grammar, it's just not very authentic.
- 在美国 历史 上,最 重要 的 总统 是 谁 ?In American history, who is the most important president?
- 你 知道 南方人 和 北方人 在 生活 习惯 上 有 什么 不同 吗 ?Do you know what the differences are between northern and southern people as far as living habits?
"under" with 在⋯⋯下
This construction can be translated (rather directly) as "under" and expresses conditions that affected the comment that comes after.
Structure
在 + Topic + 下 ,Result/Comment
Examples
- 在 这样 的 环境 下长大 ,孩子 怎么 可能 会 快乐?How can kids be happy growing up in this kind of environment?
- 在 这种 情况下,你 会 怎么 做 ?In this situation, what would you do?
- 我 想 知道 在 这 种 条件 下 ,你们 是 怎么 做到 的 ?I wonder how you pulled this off under this condition?
- 在政府 的 帮助下,他 读 完 了 大学。With the financial help of the government, he was able to finish college education.
- 在 老师 的 鼓励 下,我 去 报名 了 。With the encouragement of the teacher, I went to sign up.
"under" with 在⋯⋯方面
This construction is similar to the 在⋯⋯上 above, which translates to "in relation to" or "on the topic of." 在 can be omitted.
Examples
- 在 IT 方面 ,他 是 专家 。On the topic of IT, he is an expert.
- 我们 公司在 这些方面 的 服务 还 不够 好 。In these aspects, our company's service is not good enough.
- 他 刚 来 公司 ,在 工作 方面,还 需要 你 多 帮帮 他 。He just joined our company. As far as doing his work, he still needs you to help him.
- 中 西方 文化 在 很多 方面 都 有 共同点 。In certain aspects, Chinese and Western culture have a lot in common.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 191) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 264, 325) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4) (pp. 40-1, 164-5, 185) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 (pp. 42, 145) 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 →buy