Idiomatic phrases with "zai"
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Keywords
You probably already know how to express location with "在". In this article, we'll go more in depth as to how you can make idiomatic phrases using that construction. This kind of form is actually similar to some that we have in English, so it won't be too difficult.
Contents
Used with 上
This construction can be translated as "on the topic of" or "in regards to." It can be used to comment on an idea or concept. The examples below will help.
Structure
在 + Topic + 上 ,Subj. ⋯⋯
Note that the subject can also be put before 在.
Examples
- 在 这 个 问题 上 ,我们 的 看法 是 一样 的 。In regards to this problem, our opinions are the same.
- 在美国 历史 上 ,谁 是 最 重要 的 总统 ?In American history, who is the most important president?
- 这个 句子 在 语法 上 没 什么 问题 ,但是 不 太 自然 。This sentence is okay to say in terms of grammar, it's just not very natural.
- 南方人 和 北方人 在 生活 习惯 上 有 很多 差异 。There are many differences between northern and southern people on the topic of living habits.
Used with 下
This construction can be translated (rather directly) as "under" and expresses conditions that affected the comment that comes after.
Structure
在 ⋯⋯ 下 ,Result/Comment
Examples
- 在 这样 的 环境 下 长大 ,孩子 会 快乐 吗 ?Do you think kids will be happy growing up in this kind of environment?
- 在 这 种 情况下 ,你们 会 怎么 做 ?In this situation, what would you do?
- 在 那样 困难 的 条件 下 ,她 还是 坚持 让 孩子们 都 上学 。She still insisted that the children should all go to school under the difficult financial condition.
- 在 老师 的 鼓励 下 ,我们 班 有 一半 的 人 都 参加 了 演讲 比赛 。With the encouragement of the teacher, half of our class singed up for the speech contest.
Used with 方面
This construction is similar to the 在⋯⋯上 above, which translates to "in relation to" or "on the topic of."
Examples
- 在 事业 方面 ,他 很 成功 。On the topic of career, he's very successful.
- 在 管理 方面 ,你 是 专家 。On the topic of management, you're an expert.
- 在 技术 方面 ,我 没有 你 懂 得 多 。On the topic of technology, my knowledge is a lot less than yours.
- 我们 公司 在 这个 方面 的 服务 会 越来越 好 。Our company's service related to this part will be better and better.
- 中 西方 文化 在 很多 方面 都 有 共同点 。In certain aspects, Chinese and Western culture have a lot in common.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 191) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 264, 325) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4) (pp. 40-1, 164-5, 185) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 (pp. 42, 145) 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 →buy