Advanced potential complements

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Verb with 不了 and 得了

Structure

This is used to talk about whether or not you are able to do something." It is subtly different from using 不能 because 不了 usually suggests some external factor out of one's control.

Verb + 得 / 不 + 了

Examples

  • 这么 多 饭 , 你 吃 了 吗 ? Zhème duō fàn, nǐ chī de liǎo ma?
  • 今晚 我 有 事 , 去 了 。 Jīnwǎn wǒ yǒu shì, qù bu liǎo.
  • 这 件 衣服 太 小 了 , 我 穿 了 。 Zhè jiàn yīfu tài xiǎo le, wǒ chuān bu liǎo.
  • 这 件 事情 只 有 你 帮 了 我 。 Zhè jiàn shìqing zhī yǒu nǐ bāng de liǎo wǒ.
  • 明天 的 会议 老板 参加 了 。 Míngtiān de huìyì lǎobǎn cānjiā bu liǎo.

Verb with 不下 and 得下

Structure

This is used to talk about whether or not something will fit or go somewhere. 经常搭配的动词是"放、坐、拿、吃、住"等。

Verb + 得 / 不 + 下

Examples

  • 我 的 车 太 小 ,坐 不 下 五 个 人 。 Wǒ de chē tài xiǎo, zuò bu xià wǔ gè rén.My car is too small. Five people can't fit in here.
  • 她 拿 得 下 那么 多 东西 吗 ?Tā ná de xià nàme duō dōngxi ma?
  • 你 家 住 得 下 这么 多 人 吗 ? Nǐ jiā zhù de xià zhème duō rén ma?
  • 我 吃 饱 了 , 真的 吃 不 下 了 。Wǒ chī bǎo le, zhēnde chī bu xià le.

Verb with 不下 and 得下

Structure

The potential complement 不动 is used to express lack of physical ability to do something. This can be used not only with actions like walking, running or climbing, but even actions like eating and chewing.

Verb + 得 / 不 + 动

Examples

  • 我 走 不 动 了,我们 休息 一下 吧 !Literally, "try to walk but can't move"Wǒ zǒu bu dòng le, děi xiūxi yīxià! I can't keep going. I need to rest a bit.
  • 等等 我,我 爬 不 动 了!Literally, "try to climb but can't move"Děng děng wǒ, wǒ pá bu dòng le!Wait for me. I can't keep climbing.
  • 你 才 九十 多 斤 ,我 背 得 动 你 。Nǐ cái jiǔshí duō jīn, wǒ bèi de dòng nǐ..
  • 这个 箱子 里 只 有 一些 衣服 ,我 拿 得 动Zhège xiāngzi lǐ zhǐ yǒu yīxiē yīfu, wǒ ná de dòng.There are only a few clothes in the suitcase. I can carry it.
  • 这么 重 ,他 一个人 搬 得 动 吗 ?Zhème zhòng, tā yī gèrén bān de dòng ma? It's so heavy. Will he be able to move it?