Difference between revisions of "Ending a non-exhaustive list with "shenme de""
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== Sources and further reading == | == Sources and further reading == | ||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
− | * | + | *[http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ 汉语语法百项讲练]pp.304-307 |
− | * Integrated Chinese, | + | * [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276792 Integrated Chinese: Simplified and Traditional Characters Textbook, Level 2, Part 1] p.121 |
Revision as of 02:15, 11 November 2011
什么的(shénme de) is an informal way to express etc.(formally expressed using 等), and used to end a list of things when it is obvious to the listener what class of things the speaker is talking about. It can also be used after a single item if it is obvious enough what might follow. It can sound a little offhand, a bit like "you know, that kind of thing".
Here are some examples:
- 欧洲 有 哪 些 国家? 法国,英国,德国 什么 的. 反正 都 是 些 小 国家!
- 像 数学 啊,化学 啊,英语 啊 什么的,我 都 觉得 超级 无聊,不 想 学!
- 游泳 什么的 对 身体 有 好处。
Its can be a little impolite to use 什么的 after a list of peoples names, in which case 等 can be used in place of 什么的. When referring to a list of friends in informal contexts there is no problem using 什么的.
When listing things, 啊 can be added to each noun, as in the first and second example sentences.