Difference between revisions of "Expressing "even more" with "geng" or "hai""
Jacobleeliu (talk | contribs) |
|||
| (11 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | When used in a comparison, 更 (gèng) or 还 (hái) | + | When used in a comparison, 更 (gèng) or 还 (hái) can kick up an adjective to an even higher degree. For example, New York City is America's biggest city with a population of around 9 million. Shanghai is China's biggest city, with a population of more than 20 million. So even though NYC's population is big, Shanghai's is even bigger. You'd use 更 or 还 to express this in Chinese. |
| − | |||
| − | For example, New York is America's biggest city with a population of | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| Line 17: | Line 13: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *我 妹妹 <em>比</em> 我 <strong>更</strong> 瘦 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ mèimei <em>bǐ</em> wǒ <strong>gèng</strong> shòu.</span><span class="trans">My younger sister is even | + | *上海 <em>比</em> 纽约 人口 <strong>更</strong> 多 。<span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi <em>bǐ</em> Niǔyuē rénkǒu <strong>gèng</strong> duō.</span><span class="trans">Shanghai's population is even bigger than New York's.</span> |
| − | *我 的 猫 <em>比</em> 我 的 狗 <strong>更</strong> 淘气 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de māo <em>bǐ</em> wǒ de gǒu <strong>gèng</strong> táoqì.</span><span class="trans">My cat is even | + | *我 妹妹 <em>比</em> 我 <strong>更</strong> 瘦 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ mèimei <em>bǐ</em> wǒ <strong>gèng</strong> shòu.</span><span class="trans">My younger sister is even skinnier than me.</span> |
| + | *我 的 猫 <em>比</em> 我 的 狗 <strong>更</strong> 淘气 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de māo <em>bǐ</em> wǒ de gǒu <strong>gèng</strong> táoqì.</span><span class="trans">My cat is even naughtier than my dog.</span> | ||
*有时候 动物 <em>比</em> 人类 <strong>更</strong> 聪明 。<span class="pinyin">Yǒushíhou dòngwù <em>bǐ</em> rénlèi <strong>gèng</strong> cōngming.</span><span class="trans">Sometimes animals are even smarter than human beings.</span> | *有时候 动物 <em>比</em> 人类 <strong>更</strong> 聪明 。<span class="pinyin">Yǒushíhou dòngwù <em>bǐ</em> rénlèi <strong>gèng</strong> cōngming.</span><span class="trans">Sometimes animals are even smarter than human beings.</span> | ||
| − | * | + | *大 城市 的 工作 机会 <em>比</em> 我 老家 <strong>更</strong> 多 。<span class="pinyin">Dà chéngshì de gōngzuò jīhuì <em>bǐ</em> wǒ lǎojiā <strong>gèng</strong> duō.</span><span class="trans">There are even more job opportunities in big cities than in my hometown.</span> |
*他 <em>比</em> 姚明 <strong>还</strong> 高 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bǐ</em> Yáo Míng <strong>hái</strong> gāo.</span><span class="trans">He is even taller than Yao Ming.</span> | *他 <em>比</em> 姚明 <strong>还</strong> 高 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bǐ</em> Yáo Míng <strong>hái</strong> gāo.</span><span class="trans">He is even taller than Yao Ming.</span> | ||
| − | *昨天 38 度 ，今天 <em>比</em> 昨天<strong>还</strong> 热 。<span class="pinyin">Zuótiān | + | *昨天 38 度 ，今天 <em>比</em> 昨天<strong>还</strong> 热 。<span class="expl">38 ºC = 100 ºF</span><span class="pinyin">Zuótiān sānshí-bā dù, jīntiān <em>bǐ</em> zuótiān <strong>hái</strong> rè.</span><span class="trans">It was 38 degrees yesterday, and it's even hotter today.</span> |
| − | *这个 | + | *这个 外国人 的 汉语 说 得 <em>比</em> 中国 人 <strong>还</strong> 地道 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège wàiguó rén de Hànyǔ shuō de <em>bǐ</em> Zhōngguó rén <strong>hái</strong> dìdao.</span><span class="trans">This foreigner speaks even more authentic Chinese than native speakers do.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | 还 has a more intense tone, and it usually carries a tone of surprise and skepticism. Therefore, using the form of a rhetorical question with 还 can be understood as "how can it be?" | + | 还 has a more intense tone, and it usually carries a tone of surprise and skepticism. Therefore, using the form of a rhetorical question with 还 can be understood as "how can it be?" |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
Also note that 更 can be used with 了 in this pattern, indicating change of situation or state, while 还 can't be used in this way. | Also note that 更 can be used with 了 in this pattern, indicating change of situation or state, while 还 can't be used in this way. | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
| − | <li class=" | + | <li class="x">这个 地方 <em>比</em> 以前 <strong>还</strong> 热闹 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège dìfang <em>bǐ</em> yǐqián <strong>hái</strong> rènao <strong>le</strong>.</span></li> |
| − | <li class=" | + | <li class="o">这个 地方 <em>比</em> 以前 <strong>更</strong> 热闹 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège dìfang <em>bǐ</em> yǐqián <strong>gèng</strong> rènao <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">This place is even livelier than before.</span></li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| Line 60: | Line 48: | ||
{{Basic Grammar|比|B1|Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + 更 / 还 + Adj. |他 <em>比</em> 姚明 <strong>还</strong> 高 。|grammar point|ASG64E96}} | {{Basic Grammar|比|B1|Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + 更 / 还 + Adj. |他 <em>比</em> 姚明 <strong>还</strong> 高 。|grammar point|ASG64E96}} | ||
| + | {{HSK|HSK3}} | ||
{{Rel char|更}} | {{Rel char|更}} | ||
{{Rel char|还}} | {{Rel char|还}} | ||
| Line 71: | Line 60: | ||
{{Used for|Expressing degree}} | {{Used for|Expressing degree}} | ||
{{Structure|Sentence Patterns}} | {{Structure|Sentence Patterns}} | ||
| + | {{Subprop|Comparison Patterns}} | ||
{{Translation|even more}} | {{Translation|even more}} | ||
| + | {{Translation|even}} | ||
| + | {{Translation|more}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:25, 22 April 2019
-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
When used in a comparison, 更 (gèng) or 还 (hái) can kick up an adjective to an even higher degree. For example, New York City is America's biggest city with a population of around 9 million. Shanghai is China's biggest city, with a population of more than 20 million. So even though NYC's population is big, Shanghai's is even bigger. You'd use 更 or 还 to express this in Chinese.
Structure
Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + 更 / 还 + Adj.
Examples
- 上海 比 纽约 人口 更 多 。Shanghai's population is even bigger than New York's.
- 我 妹妹 比 我 更 瘦 。My younger sister is even skinnier than me.
- 我 的 猫 比 我 的 狗 更 淘气 。My cat is even naughtier than my dog.
- 有时候 动物 比 人类 更 聪明 。Sometimes animals are even smarter than human beings.
- 大 城市 的 工作 机会 比 我 老家 更 多 。There are even more job opportunities in big cities than in my hometown.
- 他 比 姚明 还 高 。He is even taller than Yao Ming.
- 昨天 38 度 ，今天 比 昨天还 热 。38 ºC = 100 ºFIt was 38 degrees yesterday, and it's even hotter today.
- 这个 外国人 的 汉语 说 得 比 中国 人 还 地道 。This foreigner speaks even more authentic Chinese than native speakers do.
还 has a more intense tone, and it usually carries a tone of surprise and skepticism. Therefore, using the form of a rhetorical question with 还 can be understood as "how can it be?"
Also note that 更 can be used with 了 in this pattern, indicating change of situation or state, while 还 can't be used in this way.
- 这个 地方 比 以前 还 热闹 了 。
- 这个 地方 比 以前 更 热闹 了 。This place is even livelier than before.
See also
- Expressing "a bit too"
- Basic comparisons with "bi"
- Basic comparisons with "bu bi"
- Expressing "compared with" with "gen"
- Expressing comparable degree with "you"
Sources and further reading
Books
