Difference between revisions of "Placement of "le" with objects"

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<li class="x"> 我 买 了<em>了</em> 五本 有意思的 书 <em>了</em> 。<span class="trans">I‘ve made more than ten phone calls to him.</span></li>
 
<li class="x"> 我 买 了<em>了</em> 五本 有意思的 书 <em>了</em> 。<span class="trans">I‘ve made more than ten phone calls to him.</span></li>
  
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* 我已经下班<em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I‘m off work now.</span>
 
* 我已经下班<em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I‘m off work now.</span>
 
* 我下<em>了</em>班就去见你。<span class="trans">I‘ll see you as soon as I get off work.</span>
 
* 我下<em>了</em>班就去见你。<span class="trans">I‘ll see you as soon as I get off work.</span>

Revision as of 09:23, 29 June 2015

(training summary)

"了"有两个,这里我们主要讨论的是“了1”的用法。“了1”用在动词后主要表示动作或者状态的完成、实现,可以独立成句。

Structure

V.+了+O.

Examples

  • 他今天去见 朋友。He went to see my friends today.
  • 我 刚 吃早饭。I just had my breakfast.
  • 妈妈 找 到 新 工作。Mom found a new job.
  • 你 买iPhone!You bought an iPhone6!
  • 昨天 我 给 你 打电话。I called you yesterday.

注:动词后的宾语如果只是一个简单的宾语,句子不能自足,语气也不完整。宾语一般都要有说明性成分,如数量短语、形容词、限定性短语或者句中有说明时间、地点、原因及方式的状语成分。


如果句末再加一个“了”,则表示加强肯定语气,这时宾语因为是特指的,所以可能就是非常简单的。

Examples

  • 我做 作业 ,你 要 看 吗?I did finish my homework .You wanna have a check?
  • 我们 来 这儿 以前 吃 We did have our dinner before we came here .
  • 他问经理 ,经理说行。He did asked the manager and he said yes.

如果宾语前面有数量短语修饰,“了”一般都在紧跟在动词后面。既表示动作的完成,又表示事态有所变化。此时的宾语其实是特指的对象。

Structure

V.+了+数量短语(名量)+O.

Examples

  • 我 买 五 本 他的书。I bought five of his books.
  • 他们 昨天 看 两 场 电影。 They went to see two movies yesterday .
  • 他 午饭 花 两千多块。He spent more than two thousand on his lunch.
  • 你 请 几个 朋友?How many friends have you invited?
  • 老师 问 五个 问题 .The teacher asked five questions.

如果在句末再加一个“了”则有两层含义:一是强调或暗示数量多;二是表示“还有可能继续”。

  • 我 给 他 打 十 几 个 电话I‘ve made more than ten phone calls to him.
  • 他 帮 几十个 农村 的 孩子 He's helped a few dozens poor kids from the rural area.
  • 我哥哥 换 三个 女朋友 My elder brother has changed three brothers.

如果宾语前既有数量短语限定,也有一般性形容词做修饰成分,则不适用于这种情况。

  • 我 买 了 五本 有意思的 书 I‘ve made more than ten phone calls to him.


动宾结构的动词作谓语时,需注意。如“结婚”,“结婚了”表示动作或者状态的完成;“结了婚”表示句子还没说完,还有后续的分句补充。

  • 我已经下班I‘m off work now.
  • 我下班就去见你。I‘ll see you as soon as I get off work.
  • 他 去年 离婚He got a divorce last year.
  • 他 去年 离 婚 以后 又 找 了 一个 女人。After the divorce last year,he found another woman.