Expressing "in the end" with "jiujing"
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When someone asks you "what on earth are you doing?," "究竟 (jiūjìng)" is used by the speaker to intensify the question. In this case, 究竟 is similar to 到底, but a bit more formal.
Contents
Using 究竟 in Questions
Using 究竟 in Targeted Questions
These questions are aimed at finding out a specific piece of info, such as a name or time.
Structure
究竟 + Question Word
Examples
- 这 个 人 究竟 是 谁？Who on earth is this guy?
- 你 究竟 是 做 什么 的？What exactly is it that you do?
- 他们 究竟 什么 时候 到？When exactly are they arriving?
- 我们 究竟 还 要 等 多久？How much longer do we still need to wait?
- 你们 究竟 想 让 我 怎么 做？What on earth do you want me to do?
Using 究竟 in Yes/No Questions
Structure
究竟 ＋ Verb ＋ 没 / 不 ＋ Verb
Examples
- 你 究竟 来 不 来？Are you coming or not?
- 你们 究竟 能 不 能 帮 我？Can you guys help me or not?
- 她 究竟 是 不 是 你 女朋友？So, is she your girlfriend or not?
- 你 究竟 喜 不 喜欢 我？So, do you like me or not?
- 经理 究竟 同 不 同意？Did the manager agree or not?
Using 究竟 in Affirmative Sentences
究竟 can also be used with 是 for an emphasis of a fact, which is similar to 毕竟, meaning "after all."
Structure
Fact ＋ 究竟 + 是 ＋ Fact，……
Examples
- 孩子 究竟 是 孩子，总是 想 着 怎么 玩。Kids are kids after all, always thinking about how to have fun.
- 上海 究竟 是 上海，生活 成本 就是 高。Shanghai is Shanghai after all. The living expenses here are just high.
- 年轻 人 究竟 是 年轻 人，精力 真 好。Young people are young, after all. They are so full of energy.
- 生意人 究竟 是 生意人，对 他们 来说，赚钱 是 最 重要 的 。Businessmen are businessmen, after all. The most important thing to them is making money.
- 家人 究竟 是 家人，也许 你 不 喜欢 他们，但 你 还是 会 爱 他们。Family is family, after all. You may not like them, but you still love them.
See Also
Sources and further reading
- How to Use the Adverb 究竟? (Transparent Language Chinese Blog)
