Difference between revisions of "Expressing "already" with "yijing""
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== Basic Pattern == | == Basic Pattern == | ||
− | === Structure === | + | === 已经 with Verb Phrase === |
+ | |||
+ | ==== Structure ==== | ||
The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase. | The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase. | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Examples ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="liju"> | ||
+ | |||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 吃 饭 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 去 过 那里 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 宝宝 <em>已经</em> 会 说话 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 我们 <em>已经</em> 做 完 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 他 <em>已经</em> 回来 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 上 飞机 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 他 <em>已经</em> 走 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb)</span><span class="trans">He has already left.</span> | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 有 男朋友 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already have a boyfriend.</span> | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 知道 这 件 事 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already know about this matter.</span> | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 离开 那 家 公司 <em>了</em>。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I've already left that company.</span> | ||
+ | |||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 已经 with Adjective === | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Structure ==== | ||
Sometimes [[adjective]]s or even [[time noun]]s are used instead of a typical verb phrase: | Sometimes [[adjective]]s or even [[time noun]]s are used instead of a typical verb phrase: | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Examples ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="liju"> | ||
+ | |||
+ | * 你 <em>已经</em> 很 漂亮 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 很 烦 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 爸爸 妈妈 <em>已经</em> 老 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 我们 <em>已经</em> 很 忙 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * <em>已经</em> 很 便宜 <em>了</em>。 | ||
+ | * 天 <em>已经</em> 黑 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already dark.</span> | ||
+ | * 你 的 感冒 <em>已经</em> 好 <em>了</em> 吗 ? <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">Is your cold better already?</span> | ||
+ | * 你 <em>已经</em> 很 瘦 <em>了</em>,你 不 能 再 不 吃饭 了 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">You're already really thin. You can't not eat again.</span> | ||
+ | * 我 <em>已经</em> 饿 <em>了</em> 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">I'm hungry already.</span> | ||
+ | * <em>已经</em> 很 晚 <em>了</em> , 我们 走 吧 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already really late. Let's go.</span> | ||
+ | |||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === 已经 with Time noun === | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Structure ==== | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
− | 已经 + [Time | + | 已经 + [Time noun] + 了 |
</div> | </div> | ||
− | === Examples === | + | ==== Examples ==== |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * | + | * <em>已经</em> 11点 了,女儿 还 没 回来。 |
− | * | + | * 你 <em>已经</em> 十 五 岁 了。 |
− | *<em>已经</em> | + | * 今天 <em>已经</em> 星期 五 了。 |
− | * | + | * <em>已经</em> 半 个 小时 了。 |
− | *我 <em>已经</em> | + | * 我 学习 中文 <em>已经</em> 一 年 了。 |
− | * | + | * 他 去 北京 <em>已经</em> 两 天 了。 |
− | * | + | * <em>已经</em> 十 分钟 了。 |
− | * | + | * <em>已经</em> 很 长 时间 了。 |
*我 的 女儿 <em>已经</em> 两 岁 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an age)</span><span class="trans">My daughter is already two.</span> | *我 的 女儿 <em>已经</em> 两 岁 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an age)</span><span class="trans">My daughter is already two.</span> | ||
− | * | + | *<em>已经</em> 一 个 月 <em>了</em>。 <span class="expl">(with a time)</span><span class="trans"></span> |
− | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | *我 <em>已经</em> 不 | + | *我 <em>已经</em> 不 认识 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't know him anymore.</span> |
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 爱 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't love him anymore.</span> | *我 <em>已经</em> 不 爱 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't love him anymore.</span> | ||
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 开心 <em>了</em>,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 <span class="trans">He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.</span> | *他 <em>已经</em> 不 开心 <em>了</em>,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 <span class="trans">He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.</span> | ||
− | *你 <em>已经</em> 不 年轻 <em>了</em> | + | *你 <em>已经</em> 不 年轻 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">You're not young anymore.</span> |
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 需要 父母 的 钱 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">I don't need my parents' money anymore.</span> | *我 <em>已经</em> 不 需要 父母 的 钱 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">I don't need my parents' money anymore.</span> | ||
*在 我 心 里,他 <em>已经</em> 不 重要 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">In my heart, he's no longer important.</span> | *在 我 心 里,他 <em>已经</em> 不 重要 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">In my heart, he's no longer important.</span> | ||
*你 <em>已经</em> 不 在 Google 工作 <em>了</em> 吗? <span class="trans">You don't work at Google anymore?</span> | *你 <em>已经</em> 不 在 Google 工作 <em>了</em> 吗? <span class="trans">You don't work at Google anymore?</span> | ||
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.</span> | *他 <em>已经</em> 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.</span> | ||
− | * | + | *现在 我 <em>已经</em> 不 想 去 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">Now I don't want to go anymore.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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[[Category:A2 grammar points]] | [[Category:A2 grammar points]] | ||
{{Similar|"Already" with "dou…le"}} | {{Similar|"Already" with "dou…le"}} | ||
− | {{Basic Grammar|已经|A2|已经……了|我 <em>已经</em> | + | {{Basic Grammar|已经|A2|已经……了|我 <em>已经</em> 吃 饭 <em>了</em>。|grammar point|ASGNXI27}} |
{{Rel char|了}} | {{Rel char|了}} | ||
{{POS|Adverbs}} | {{POS|Adverbs}} | ||
{{Used for|Emphasizing}} | {{Used for|Emphasizing}} | ||
{{Translation|already}} | {{Translation|already}} |
Revision as of 09:46, 17 February 2014
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Level
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Used for
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Keywords
已经……了 (yǐjing... le) is the basic pattern used to express "already" in Chinese. Strictly speaking, the 了 here is not absolutely mandatory, but it's usually there in spoken Chinese, so it's best to think of the 了 as a part of the pattern.
Contents
Basic Pattern
已经 with Verb Phrase
Structure
The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase.
已经 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
Examples
- 我 已经 吃 饭 了。
- 我 已经 去 过 那里 了。
- 宝宝 已经 会 说话 了。
- 我们 已经 做 完 了。
- 他 已经 回来 了。
- 我 已经 上 飞机 了。
- 他 已经 走 了 。 (with a verb)He has already left.
- 我 已经 有 男朋友 了 。 (with a verb phrase)I already have a boyfriend.
- 我 已经 知道 这 件 事 了 。 (with a verb phrase)I already know about this matter.
- 我 已经 离开 那 家 公司 了。 (with a verb phrase)I've already left that company.
已经 with Adjective
Structure
Sometimes adjectives or even time nouns are used instead of a typical verb phrase:
已经 + Adj + 了
Examples
- 你 已经 很 漂亮 了。
- 我 已经 很 烦 了。
- 爸爸 妈妈 已经 老 了。
- 我们 已经 很 忙 了。
- 已经 很 便宜 了。
- 天 已经 黑 了 。 (with an adjective)It's already dark.
- 你 的 感冒 已经 好 了 吗 ? (with an adjective)Is your cold better already?
- 你 已经 很 瘦 了,你 不 能 再 不 吃饭 了 。 (with an adjective)You're already really thin. You can't not eat again.
- 我 已经 饿 了 。(with an adjective)I'm hungry already.
- 已经 很 晚 了 , 我们 走 吧 。(with an adjective)It's already really late. Let's go.
已经 with Time noun
Structure
已经 + [Time noun] + 了
Examples
- 已经 11点 了,女儿 还 没 回来。
- 你 已经 十 五 岁 了。
- 今天 已经 星期 五 了。
- 已经 半 个 小时 了。
- 我 学习 中文 已经 一 年 了。
- 他 去 北京 已经 两 天 了。
- 已经 十 分钟 了。
- 已经 很 长 时间 了。
- 我 的 女儿 已经 两 岁 了 。 (with an age)My daughter is already two.
- 已经 一 个 月 了。 (with a time)
Negative Form
Structure
The negative structure simply adds a 不 after 已经, and before the verb (or possibly adjective).
已经 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
Examples
Generally this negative 已经 structure is translated into English as "not... anymore" rather than using the word "already."
- 我 已经 不 认识 他 了。I don't know him anymore.
- 我 已经 不 爱 他 了。I don't love him anymore.
- 他 已经 不 开心 了,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.
- 你 已经 不 年轻 了。 You're not young anymore.
- 我 已经 不 需要 父母 的 钱 了。 I don't need my parents' money anymore.
- 在 我 心 里,他 已经 不 重要 了。 In my heart, he's no longer important.
- 你 已经 不 在 Google 工作 了 吗? You don't work at Google anymore?
- 他 已经 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 了。 He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.
- 现在 我 已经 不 想 去 了。Now I don't want to go anymore.
Sources and further reading
Books
- 现代汉语八百词(增订本) (p. 612) →buy
- Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (都 vs 已经 p. 97)→buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典(第5版) (p.1609) →buy