Difference between revisions of "Potential complements"
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Verbs can take [[potential complement]]s that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place. | Verbs can take [[potential complement]]s that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place. | ||
| − | + | == Basic Potential Complement == | |
| − | == | + | 从结构上来看，可能补语和"结果补语"和"趋向补语"的关系很密切。可能补语有三种，其中最重要也是最常见的的一种就是由"结果补语"和"趋向补语"构成的。常见的这类补语有： |
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
[[Potential complement]]s can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something ''can'' happen or that it ''can't''. | [[Potential complement]]s can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something ''can'' happen or that it ''can't''. | ||
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<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | Verb + 得 + [Complement] | + | Verb + 得 / 不 + [Complement] |
</div> | </div> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == Negative Pattern == |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
Revision as of 04:02, 5 April 2017
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Verbs can take potential complements that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place.
Contents
Basic Potential Complement
从结构上来看，可能补语和"结果补语"和"趋向补语"的关系很密切。可能补语有三种，其中最重要也是最常见的的一种就是由"结果补语"和"趋向补语"构成的。常见的这类补语有：
Structure
Potential complements can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something can happen or that it can't.
Verb + 得 / 不 + [Complement]
Here the complement is the second part of the potential complement after 得 (positive).
Examples
- 我 做 得 完。I can finish it all.
- 我 做 不 完。I can't do it all.
- 我 听 得 懂。I can understand.
- 我 听 不 懂。I can't understand.
- 我 买 不 起 那 套 房子 。I can't afford (to buy) that apartment.
- 我 买 得 起 那 套 房子 。I can afford (to buy) that apartment.
- 我 吃 得 下。I can eat more.
- 我 吃 不 下 了。I can't eat any more.
Negative Pattern
Verb + 不 + [Complement]
Here the complement is the second part of the potential complement after 不 (negative).
See also
Sources and and further reading
Books
- Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 71) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 191) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (pp. 197) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (pp. 291) →buy
- Practicing HSK Grammar (语法精讲精炼) (pp. 125) →buy
- Contemporary Chinese 2 (当代中文2) (pp. 63) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 99) →buy
Websites
Yale
