Difference between revisions of "Potential complements"
m (ChenShishuang moved page Positive and negative potential complements to Potential complements) |
|||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
*门 太 小 了 ，我 的 车 进 <em>不</em> 去 。<span class="pinyin">Mén tài xiǎo le, wǒ de chē jìn <em>bu</em> qù.</span><span class="trans"> .</span> | *门 太 小 了 ，我 的 车 进 <em>不</em> 去 。<span class="pinyin">Mén tài xiǎo le, wǒ de chē jìn <em>bu</em> qù.</span><span class="trans"> .</span> | ||
*这么 高 的 山 ，你 爬 <em>得</em> 上去 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhème gāo de shān, nǐ pá <em>de</em> shàngqù ma? </span><span class="trans"> .</span> | *这么 高 的 山 ，你 爬 <em>得</em> 上去 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhème gāo de shān, nǐ pá <em>de</em> shàngqù ma? </span><span class="trans"> .</span> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
== Sources and and further reading == | == Sources and and further reading == | ||
Revision as of 09:14, 24 July 2017
[[|
]]
]]-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
Verbs can take potential complements that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place.
Contents
Basic Potential Complement
Structurally, potential complements are closely related to both result complements and direction complements, so it helps to be familiar with those first. The most important and commonly used potential complements are derived from other complements such as the following:
- Verb + 见 e.g. 看见, 听见 (result complements)
- Verb + 懂 e.g. 看懂, 听懂 (result complements)
- Verb + 完 e.g. 吃完, 做完, 用完, 花完 (result complements)
- Verb + Adj. e.g. 看清楚, 听明白, 洗干净 (result complements)
- Verb + 到 e.g. 找到, 买到, 收到 (result complements)
- Verb + direction e.g. 上来, 下去, 进去, 起来, 走过去, 爬上去 (direction complements)
Structure
Potential complements can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something can happen or that it can't.
Verb + 得 / 不 + [Complement]
Here the complement is the second part of the potential complement after 得 (positive).
Examples
- 大家 都 看 不 懂 这 句 话 。 .
- 你 的 声音 太 小 了 ，我们 听 不 见 。 .
- 他 一个人 吃 得 完 这么 多 饭 吗 ？ .
- 我 找 不 到 我 的 手机 了 。 .
- 我 没 戴 眼镜 ，看 不 清楚 。 .
- 这 件 衣服 太 脏 了 ，我 洗 不 干净 。 .
- 在 上海 买 得 到 这 个 牌子 的 手表 吗 ？ ?
- 我 总是 收 不 到 你 的 邮件 。 .
- 门 太 小 了 ，我 的 车 进 不 去 。 .
- 这么 高 的 山 ，你 爬 得 上去 吗 ？ .
See also
Sources and and further reading
Books
- Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 71) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 191) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (pp. 197) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (pp. 291) →buy
- Practicing HSK Grammar (语法精讲精炼) (pp. 125) →buy
- Contemporary Chinese 2 (当代中文2) (pp. 63) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 99) →buy
Websites
Yale
