Difference between revisions of "Reference:A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法)"

(Created page with " Chapter One Introduction …………………….....................................................1 Chapter Two Parts of Speech……………………......................")
 
 
(26 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
<span class="plainlinks">[http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001J0ADWA&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001J0ADWA <img border="0" class="alignright" src="http://ec4.images-amazon.com/images/I/51-GsF2wG1L._SL500_AA300_.jpg" >]</span>
 +
[http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001J0ADWA&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001J0ADWA A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) ]  by 李德津, 程美珍
  
−
Chapter One  Introduction …………………….....................................................1
+
<blockquote>外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》是在原版基础之上的修订本。修订者根据学生和教师使用该书的情况以及对外汉语教学的发展，对原书进行了重要的、有价值的增删，使其得到了进一步的完善.《外国人实用汉语语法》初版于1988年，出版以来多次重印，产生了比较广泛的影响。《外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》语法讲解简明、细致、清晰，注重用简略的语言作直截了当的说明；内容方面，除了介绍最基本最实用的语法规则之外，还专门从对外汉语教学的角度出发，设立了“表示比较的方法”和“表示强调的方法”等较为实用的章节，使阅读和查找都非常方便；体例方面，每一节中都有一项“使用……要注意的问题”，具有很强的针对性；表格和例句（包括用于对比的错句）的编写非常充分、实用。《外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》既可用做汉语学习者的汉语语法教科书，也可用作日常学习查阅的语法手册。书中所有讲解都配有英语翻译，另配有练习册。
 +
</blockquote>
  
−
Chapter Two  Parts of Speech…………………….............................................11
+
== Grammar Points by Chapter ==
−
Words......................................................................................................................11
 
−
Classification of words..........................................................................................12
 
−
Conversion of parts of speech..............................................................................12
 
−
Section I Nouns...............................................................................................16
 
−
Section II Verbs...............................................................................................26
 
−
Section III Auxiliary verbs.................................................................................41
 
−
Section IV Adjectives........................................................................................48
 
−
Section V Numerals..........................................................................................58
 
−
Section VI Measure words................................................................................73
 
−
Section VII Pronouns..........................................................................................95
 
−
Section VIII Adverbs...........................................................................................105
 
−
Section IX Prepositions....................................................................................116
 
−
Section X Conjunctions....................................................................................123
 
−
Section XI Particles ..........................................................................................131
 
−
Section XII Interjections.....................................................................................146
 
−
Section XIII Onomatopes...................................................................................150
 
−
Table 1: Relationships Between the Parts of Speech
 
−
and the Elements of a Sentence..........................................................................154
 
  
−
Chapter Three Phrases.........................................................................................155
+
===Chapter One Introduction===
−
Phrases....................................................................................................................155
 
−
Classification of phrases........................................................................................155
 
−
The basis for classifying phrases..........................................................................156
 
−
Section I The coordinative phrase.................................................................157
 
−
Section II         The Subject – Predicate phrase....................................................165
 
−
Section III The Verb – Object phrase..............................................................170
 
−
Section IV The endocentric phrase..................................................................174
 
−
Section V The Numeral – Measure word phrase..........................................181
 
−
Section VI The complementary phrase...........................................................190
 
−
Section VII The phrase of locality......................................................................197
 
−
Section VIII The appositive phrase....................................................................205
 
−
Section IX The set phrase.................................................................................208
 
−
Section X The prepositional phrase................................................................213
 
−
Section XI The 的- phrase.................................................................................222
 
−
Table 2: Phrases and Their Functions..................................................................226
 
  
−
Chapter Four Sentence elements.........................................................................228
+
===Chapter Two Parts of Speech===
−
Section I The subject.......................................................................................229
 
−
Section II         The predicate...................................................................................235
 
−
Section III The object.........................................................................................243
 
−
Section IV The attributive...................................................................................253
 
−
Section V Adverbial adjuncts...........................................................................261
 
−
Section VI Complements..................................................................................271
 
−
Table 3: Relationship of Different Parts of Speech and
 
−
Phrases with Complements of Different Kinds....................................................328
 
−
...
 
−
Chapter Five  The Simple Sentence.....................................................................330
 
−
Definition..................................................................................................................330
 
−
The basic structure of the simple sentence..........................................................330
 
−
Functions of the simple sentence..........................................................................333
 
−
The classification of sentences.............................................................................333
 
−
Part One  Classification of sentences in terms of structure................................334
 
−
Section I Sentences with verbal predicates..................................................334
 
−
Section II         Sentences with adjectival predicates...........................................339
 
−
Section III Sentences with nominal predicates..............................................342
 
−
Section IV The sentence with an S-P phrase as the predicate.....................346
 
−
Table 4:          The Four Types of Subject-Predicate Sentence..........................352
 
−
Section V      The subjectless sentence...............................................................354
 
−
Section VI The one-word/phrase sentence.....................................................357
 
−
Section VII The elliptical sentence.....................................................................361
 
−
Table 5:          The Three Kinds of Non S-P Sentence.........................................363
 
−
Part Two Classification of sentences in terms of function............................365
 
−
Section VIII The declarative sentence................................................................365
 
−
Section IX The interrogative sentence.............................................................368
 
−
Table 6:          The Five Types of Questions..........................................................395
 
−
Section X      The imperative sentence.................................................................396
 
−
Section XI The exclamatory sentence..............................................................399
 
−
Table 7: The Four Kind of Sentence Classified in Terms of Function.......402
 
  
−
Chapter Six Aspects of an Action........................................................................403
+
*Words
−
Definition...................................................................................................................403
+
*Classification of words
−
Common ways to indicate the aspect of an action...............................................404
+
*Conversion of parts of speech
−
Section I The progressive aspect of an action..............................................405
+
*Section I Nouns
−
Section II The continuous aspect of an action................................................414
+
*Section II Verbs
−
Section III The perfect aspect of an action.......................................................423
+
*Section III Auxiliary verbs
−
Section IV The changing aspect of an action...................................................431
+
*Section IV Adjectives
−
Section V Actions as past experience.............................................................435
+
*Section V Numerals
−
Table 8: The Five Aspects of an Action..................................................................441
+
*Section VI Measure words
 +
*Section VII Pronouns
 +
*Section VIII Adverbs
 +
*Section IX Prepositions
 +
*Section X Conjunctions
 +
*Section XI Particles
 +
*Section XII Interjections
 +
*Section XIII Onomatopes
 +
*Table 1: Relationships Between the Parts of Speech
 +
and the Elements of a Sentence
  
−
Chapter Seven Sentences with Special Verbal Predicates............................445
+
===Chapter Three  Phrases===
−
Section I The 是-sentence................................................................................446
 
−
Section II The 有-sentence................................................................................455
 
−
Section III The 把-sentence................................................................................461
 
−
Section IV The 被-sentence................................................................................470
 
−
Section V Sentences with verbal constructions in series...............................477
 
−
Section VI Pivotal sentences..............................................................................485
 
−
Section VII Existential sentences........................................................................496
 
−
Table 9: Sentences with Special Verb Predicates...............................................505
 
  
−
Chapter Eight Ways of Expressing Comparison...........................................510
+
*Phrases
−
Section I Using 比 to express comparison....................................................511
+
*Classification of phrases
−
Section II         Using 跟 to express comparison....................................................525
+
*The basis for classifying phrases
−
Section III Using 有 to express comparison....................................................531
+
*Section I The coordinative phrase
−
Section IV Using 像 to express comparison....................................................537
+
*Section II         The Subject – Predicate phrase
−
Section V Using 不如 to express comparison................................................543
+
*Section III The Verb – Object phrase
−
Section VI Using 越来越 to express comparison............................................547
+
*Section IV The endocentric phrase
−
Table 10: Six Ways of Expressing Comparison............................................551
+
*Section V The Numeral – Measure word phrase
 +
*Section VI The complementary phrase
 +
*Section VII The phrase of locality
 +
*Section VIII The appositive phrase
 +
*Section IX The set phrase
 +
*Section X The prepositional phrase
 +
*Section XI The 的- phrase
 +
*Table 2: Phrases and Their Functions
  
−
Chapter Nine       Ways of Expressing Emphasis...............................................557
+
===Chapter Four  Sentence Elements===
−
Section I Using interrogative pronouns to express emphasis....................558
 
−
Section II Using 连….都（也）to express emphasis...................................562
 
−
Section III Using the adverb 是 to express emphasis...................................566
 
−
Section IV Using the adverb 就 to express emphasis...................................570
 
−
Section V Using double negation to express emphasis...............................572
 
−
Section VI Using 是….的 to express emphasis..............................................577
 
−
Table 11: Six Ways to Express Emphasis.....................................................580
 
  
−
Chapter Ten       Complex Sentences..................................................................583
+
*Section I The subject
−
Definition..................................................................................................................583
+
*Section II         The predicate
−
Grammatical features..............................................................................................583
+
*Section III The object
−
Types of complex sentences..................................................................................586
+
*Section IV The attributive
−
Section I Coordinate complex sentences.....................................................588
+
*Section V Adverbial adjuncts
−
Section II         Coordinate complex sentences and correlatives.........................595 
+
*Section VI Complements
−
Section III       Subordinate complex sentences....................................................608
+
*Table 3: Relationship of Different Parts of Speech and
−
Section IV     Subordinate complex sentences and correlatives.......................617
+
Phrases with Complements of Different Kinds
−
Section V The contracted sentence................................................................638
 
  
−
Appendix I Grammatical Terms.........................................................................646
+
===Chapter Five: The Simple Sentence===
−
Appendix II Reference Books.............................................................................652
+
 
 +
*Definition
 +
*The basic structure of the simple sentence
 +
*Functions of the simple sentence
 +
*The classification of sentences
 +
 
 +
====Part One: Classification of sentences in terms of structure====
 +
 
 +
*Section I Sentences with verbal predicates
 +
*Section II         Sentences with adjectival predicates
 +
*Section III Sentences with nominal predicates
 +
*Section IV The sentence with an S-P phrase as the predicate
 +
*Table 4:          The Four Types of Subject-Predicate Sentence
 +
*Section V      The subjectless sentence
 +
*Section VI The one-word/phrase sentence
 +
*Section VII The elliptical sentence
 +
*Table 5:          The Three Kinds of Non S-P Sentence
 +
 
 +
====Part Two: Classification of sentences in terms of function====
 +
 
 +
*Section VIII The declarative sentence
 +
*Section IX The interrogative sentence
 +
*Table 6:          The Five Types of Questions
 +
*Section X      The imperative sentence
 +
*Section XI The exclamatory sentence
 +
*Table 7: The Four Kind of Sentence Classified in Terms of Function
 +
 
 +
===Chapter Six: Aspects of an Action===
 +
 
 +
*Definition
 +
*Common ways to indicate the aspect of an action
 +
*Section I The progressive aspect of an action
 +
*Section II  The continuous aspect of an action
 +
*Section III The perfect aspect of an action
 +
*Section IV The changing aspect of an action
 +
*Section V Actions as past experience
 +
*Table 8          The five aspects of an action
 +
 
 +
===Chapter Seven Sentences with Special Verbal Predicates===
 +
 
 +
*Section I The 是-sentence
 +
*Section II The 有-sentence
 +
*Section III The 把-sentence
 +
*Section IV The 被-sentence
 +
*Section V      Sentences with verbal constructions in series
 +
*Section VI Pivotal sentences
 +
*Section VII Existential sentences
 +
*Table 9: Sentences with Special Verb Predicates
 +
 
 +
===Chapter Eight Ways of Expressing Comparison===
 +
 
 +
*Section I: Using 比 to express comparison
 +
*Section II: Using 跟 to express comparison
 +
*Section III: Using 有 to express comparison
 +
*Section IV: Using 像 to express comparison
 +
*Section V: Using 不如 to express comparison
 +
*Section VI: Using 越来越 to express comparison
 +
*Table 10: Six Ways of Expressing Comparison
 +
 
 +
===Chapter Nine: Ways of Expressing Emphasis===
 +
 
 +
*Section I Using interrogative pronouns to express emphasis
 +
*Section II Using 连….都（也）to express emphasis
 +
*Section III Using the adverb 是 to express emphasis
 +
*Section IV Using the adverb 就 to express emphasis
 +
*Section V Using double negation to express emphasis
 +
*Section VI Using 是….的 to express emphasis
 +
*Table 11: Six Ways to Express Emphasis
 +
 
 +
===Chapter Ten: Complex Sentences===
 +
 
 +
*Definition
 +
*Grammatical features
 +
*Types of complex sentences
 +
*Section I Coordinate complex sentences
 +
*Section II         Coordinate complex sentences and correlatives
 +
*Section III      Subordinate complex sentences
 +
*Section IV      Subordinate complex sentences and correlatives
 +
*Section V The contracted sentence
 +
 
 +
===Appendix I: Grammatical Terms===
 +
===Appendix II: Reference Books===
 +
 
 +
== Grammar Point References to This Book ==
 +
 
 +
{{Print Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)}}
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Grammar Index]]
 +
__FORCETOC__

Latest revision as of 02:21, 25 October 2017

A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) by 李德津, 程美珍

外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》是在原版基础之上的修订本。修订者根据学生和教师使用该书的情况以及对外汉语教学的发展，对原书进行了重要的、有价值的增删，使其得到了进一步的完善.《外国人实用汉语语法》初版于1988年，出版以来多次重印，产生了比较广泛的影响。《外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》语法讲解简明、细致、清晰，注重用简略的语言作直截了当的说明；内容方面，除了介绍最基本最实用的语法规则之外，还专门从对外汉语教学的角度出发，设立了“表示比较的方法”和“表示强调的方法”等较为实用的章节，使阅读和查找都非常方便；体例方面，每一节中都有一项“使用……要注意的问题”，具有很强的针对性；表格和例句（包括用于对比的错句）的编写非常充分、实用。《外国人实用汉语语法(修订本)(中英文对照)》既可用做汉语学习者的汉语语法教科书，也可用作日常学习查阅的语法手册。书中所有讲解都配有英语翻译，另配有练习册。

Grammar Points by Chapter

Chapter One Introduction

Chapter Two Parts of Speech

  • Words
  • Classification of words
  • Conversion of parts of speech
  • Section I Nouns
  • Section II Verbs
  • Section III Auxiliary verbs
  • Section IV Adjectives
  • Section V Numerals
  • Section VI Measure words
  • Section VII Pronouns
  • Section VIII Adverbs
  • Section IX Prepositions
  • Section X Conjunctions
  • Section XI Particles
  • Section XII Interjections
  • Section XIII Onomatopes
  • Table 1: Relationships Between the Parts of Speech

and the Elements of a Sentence

Chapter Three Phrases

  • Phrases
  • Classification of phrases
  • The basis for classifying phrases
  • Section I The coordinative phrase
  • Section II The Subject – Predicate phrase
  • Section III The Verb – Object phrase
  • Section IV The endocentric phrase
  • Section V The Numeral – Measure word phrase
  • Section VI The complementary phrase
  • Section VII The phrase of locality
  • Section VIII The appositive phrase
  • Section IX The set phrase
  • Section X The prepositional phrase
  • Section XI The 的- phrase
  • Table 2: Phrases and Their Functions

Chapter Four Sentence Elements

  • Section I The subject
  • Section II The predicate
  • Section III The object
  • Section IV The attributive
  • Section V Adverbial adjuncts
  • Section VI Complements
  • Table 3: Relationship of Different Parts of Speech and

Phrases with Complements of Different Kinds

Chapter Five: The Simple Sentence

  • Definition
  • The basic structure of the simple sentence
  • Functions of the simple sentence
  • The classification of sentences

Part One: Classification of sentences in terms of structure

  • Section I Sentences with verbal predicates
  • Section II Sentences with adjectival predicates
  • Section III Sentences with nominal predicates
  • Section IV The sentence with an S-P phrase as the predicate
  • Table 4: The Four Types of Subject-Predicate Sentence
  • Section V The subjectless sentence
  • Section VI The one-word/phrase sentence
  • Section VII The elliptical sentence
  • Table 5: The Three Kinds of Non S-P Sentence

Part Two: Classification of sentences in terms of function

  • Section VIII The declarative sentence
  • Section IX The interrogative sentence
  • Table 6: The Five Types of Questions
  • Section X The imperative sentence
  • Section XI The exclamatory sentence
  • Table 7: The Four Kind of Sentence Classified in Terms of Function

Chapter Six: Aspects of an Action

  • Definition
  • Common ways to indicate the aspect of an action
  • Section I The progressive aspect of an action
  • Section II The continuous aspect of an action
  • Section III The perfect aspect of an action
  • Section IV The changing aspect of an action
  • Section V Actions as past experience
  • Table 8 The five aspects of an action

Chapter Seven Sentences with Special Verbal Predicates

  • Section I The 是-sentence
  • Section II The 有-sentence
  • Section III The 把-sentence
  • Section IV The 被-sentence
  • Section V Sentences with verbal constructions in series
  • Section VI Pivotal sentences
  • Section VII Existential sentences
  • Table 9: Sentences with Special Verb Predicates

Chapter Eight Ways of Expressing Comparison

  • Section I: Using 比 to express comparison
  • Section II: Using 跟 to express comparison
  • Section III: Using 有 to express comparison
  • Section IV: Using 像 to express comparison
  • Section V: Using 不如 to express comparison
  • Section VI: Using 越来越 to express comparison
  • Table 10: Six Ways of Expressing Comparison

Chapter Nine: Ways of Expressing Emphasis

  • Section I Using interrogative pronouns to express emphasis
  • Section II Using 连….都（也）to express emphasis
  • Section III Using the adverb 是 to express emphasis
  • Section IV Using the adverb 就 to express emphasis
  • Section V Using double negation to express emphasis
  • Section VI Using 是….的 to express emphasis
  • Table 11: Six Ways to Express Emphasis

Chapter Ten: Complex Sentences

  • Definition
  • Grammatical features
  • Types of complex sentences
  • Section I Coordinate complex sentences
  • Section II Coordinate complex sentences and correlatives
  • Section III Subordinate complex sentences
  • Section IV Subordinate complex sentences and correlatives
  • Section V The contracted sentence

Appendix I: Grammatical Terms

Appendix II: Reference Books

Grammar Point References to This Book

Retrieved from "https://resources.allsetlearning.com/gramwiki/?title=Reference:A_Practical_Chinese_Grammar_For_Foreigners_(外国人实用汉语语法)&oldid=36103"