Difference between revisions of "Expressing "before" and "after" with "zhiqian" and "zhihou""
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Before and after can be expressed using 之前 (zhīqián) and 之后 (zhīhòu). They are in relatively the same vein as 以前/以后, except that these two are adverbs, while 之前/之后 are prepositions. Don't forget that these two are talking about before and after in terms of '''time'''. | Before and after can be expressed using 之前 (zhīqián) and 之后 (zhīhòu). They are in relatively the same vein as 以前/以后, except that these two are adverbs, while 之前/之后 are prepositions. Don't forget that these two are talking about before and after in terms of '''time'''. | ||
| − | == Used | + | == Used as a Preposition== |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == Used | + | == Used as a Time Word == |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | ⋯⋯ ，之前 / 之后 ⋯⋯ | |
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *他 在 英国 读 完 了 大学 | + | *他 在 英国 读 完 了 大学 ，<em>之后</em> 回 上海 了 。<span class="pinyin">Tā zài Yīngguó dú wán le dàxué, <em>zhīhòu</em> huí Shànghǎi le.</span><span class="trans">He finished college in England. Afterwards, he returned to Shanghai.</span> |
*她 当 汉语 老师 四 年 多 了 ，<em>之前</em> 是 教 英语 的 。<span class="pinyin">Tā dāng Hànyǔ lǎoshī sì nián duō le, <em>zhīqián</em> shì jiāo Yīngyǔ de.</span><span class="trans">She's been a Chinese teacher for more than four years. She used to be an English teacher.</span> | *她 当 汉语 老师 四 年 多 了 ，<em>之前</em> 是 教 英语 的 。<span class="pinyin">Tā dāng Hànyǔ lǎoshī sì nián duō le, <em>zhīqián</em> shì jiāo Yīngyǔ de.</span><span class="trans">She's been a Chinese teacher for more than four years. She used to be an English teacher.</span> | ||
*老板 刚刚 回来 工作 ，<em>之前</em> 一直 在 休假 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn gānggāng huílái gōngzuò, <em>zhīqián</em> yīzhí zài xiūjià.</span><span class="trans">The boss just came back to work. He was on vocation before.</span> | *老板 刚刚 回来 工作 ，<em>之前</em> 一直 在 休假 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn gānggāng huílái gōngzuò, <em>zhīqián</em> yīzhí zài xiūjià.</span><span class="trans">The boss just came back to work. He was on vocation before.</span> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == See | + | == See also == |
*[[Sequencing past events with "houlai"]] | *[[Sequencing past events with "houlai"]] | ||
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{{Source|Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide|}} | {{Source|Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide|}} | ||
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|93-4}} | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|93-4}} | ||
| − | |||
[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
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{{Similar|Comparing "yihou" and "zhihou"}} | {{Similar|Comparing "yihou" and "zhihou"}} | ||
{{Similar|In the future in general}} | {{Similar|In the future in general}} | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|之前|B1|之前 / 之后|出国 <em>之前</em> ，他 和 女朋友 分手了 。|grammar point|ASGTD3L3}} | + | {{Basic Grammar|之前|B1|[Verb Phrase] + 之前 / 之后 ，⋯⋯ |出国 <em>之前</em> ，他 和 女朋友 分手了 。|grammar point|ASGTD3L3}} |
{{Rel char|之后}} | {{Rel char|之后}} | ||
{{Rel char|前}} | {{Rel char|前}} | ||
Revision as of 02:00, 20 December 2017
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
Before and after can be expressed using 之前 (zhīqián) and 之后 (zhīhòu). They are in relatively the same vein as 以前/以后, except that these two are adverbs, while 之前/之后 are prepositions. Don't forget that these two are talking about before and after in terms of time.
Contents
Used as a Preposition
Structure
[Verb Phrase] + 之前 / 之后 ，⋯⋯
Examples
- 来 中国 之前 ，我 的 汉语 很 一般 。Before I came to China, my Chinese was so so.
- 下班 之后 给 我 打 个 电话 。Give me a call after you get off work.
- 吃 完 饭 之后 去 看 电影 吧 。Let's go to the movie after we finish dinner.
- 出国 之前 ，他 和 女朋友 分手了 。Before he went abroad, he broke up with his girlfriend.
- 她 每天 放学 之后 都 要 去 上 钢琴 课 。She needs to go to piano class every day after school is over.
Used as a Time Word
Structure
⋯⋯ ，之前 / 之后 ⋯⋯
Examples
- 他 在 英国 读 完 了 大学 ，之后 回 上海 了 。He finished college in England. Afterwards, he returned to Shanghai.
- 她 当 汉语 老师 四 年 多 了 ，之前 是 教 英语 的 。She's been a Chinese teacher for more than four years. She used to be an English teacher.
- 老板 刚刚 回来 工作 ，之前 一直 在 休假 。The boss just came back to work. He was on vocation before.
- 我们 都 不知道 ，他 之前 什么 也 没 说 。None of us knows. He didn't say anything before.
- 我 明早 要 见 客户 ，之后 要 去 机场 接 一 个 朋友 。I need to meet the client tomorrow morning. After that I need to go to the airport to pick up a friend.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- Home With Kids2 (家有儿女2) (pp. 167) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 93-4) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
