Difference between revisions of "Expressing "already" with "dou""
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| − | *饭 <em>都</em> 凉 < | + | *饭 <em>都</em> 凉 <strong>了</strong> ，快 吃 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Fàn <em>dōu</em> liáng <strong>le</strong>. Kuài chī ba.</span><span class="trans">The food is cold already. Let's eat.</span> |
| − | *牛奶 <em>都</em> 坏< | + | *牛奶 <em>都</em> 坏 <strong>了</strong> ，扔掉 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Niúnǎi <em>dōu</em> huài <strong>le</strong>, rēngdiào ba.</span><span class="trans">The milk's gone bad. You should throw it away.</span> |
| − | *我 <em>都</em> 说 了 三 遍 < | + | *我 <em>都</em> 说 了 三 遍 <strong>了</strong> ，别 来 烦 我 ！<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>dōu</em> shuō le sān biàn <strong>le</strong>, Bié lāi fán wǒ!</span><span class="trans">I've said it three times already. Leave me alone!</span> |
| − | *这个 电影 你 <em>都</em> 看 过 < | + | *这个 电影 你 <em>都</em> 看 过 <strong>了</strong> ，看 别的 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège diànyǐng nǐ <em>dōu</em> kàn <strong>guo le</strong>, kàn biéde bā.</span><span class="trans">You've seen this movie already. Let's watch something else.</span> |
| − | *他 <em>都</em> 道歉 < | + | *他 <em>都</em> 道歉 <strong>了</strong> ，你 别 生气 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>dōu</em> dàoqiàn <strong>le</strong>, nǐ bié shēngqì le.</span><span class="trans">He's made an apology. Stop being so mad at him.</span> |
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Revision as of 04:05, 25 December 2017
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Level
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Used for
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Keywords
都⋯⋯了 (dōu... le) is a pattern used to express that something has already happened, similar to "已经⋯⋯了." However, 都⋯⋯了 is used more emphatically, implying that the speaker holds some sort of attitude in relation to the event, and is not merely objectively stating the facts, as with "已经⋯⋯ 了." The two options can actually also be combined in the pattern "都已经⋯⋯ 了." Here the meaning is the same as "都⋯⋯ 了."
Contents
Used before Time
Structure
用在句子的开头，后面常常跟"还"或者"还在"连用，表示对方应该停止某种行为了。
都 + Time + 了
Examples
- 都 九点 了 ，快点 起床 ！It's already nine o'clock. Get out of bed!
- 都 十二 点 了 ，你 还 不 睡 ？It's already 12am. Aren't you going to bed?
- 都 二十一 世纪 了 ，你 还 这么 想 ？It's already the 21st century and you still think this way?
- 都 一 个 小时 了 ，他 还 在 厕所 里 。It's already been an hour. He's still in the bathroom.
- 都 一个 星期 了 ，还 在 下雨 。It's been raining for a week and it's still raining.
Used before Predicate
Structure
Subj. + 都 + Predicate + 了
The predicate part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective.
Examples
- 饭 都 凉 了 ，快 吃 吧 。The food is cold already. Let's eat.
- 牛奶 都 坏 了 ，扔掉 吧 。The milk's gone bad. You should throw it away.
- 我 都 说 了 三 遍 了 ，别 来 烦 我 ！I've said it three times already. Leave me alone!
- 这个 电影 你 都 看 过 了 ，看 别的 吧 。You've seen this movie already. Let's watch something else.
- 他 都 道歉 了 ，你 别 生气 了。He's made an apology. Stop being so mad at him.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (pp. 97-99) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 178) [ →buy]
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (pp. 329 ) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
