Difference between revisions of "Comparing "zongsuan" and “zhongyu""
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| − | {{Grammar Box}} | + | {{Grammar Box}} |
| + | [[Adverb]]s is 总算 (zǒngsuàn) and 终于 (zhōngyú) both can be translated as "finally" or "in the end," but they subtly different in tone. | ||
| − | + | == Same Grammatical Structure == | |
| − | + | Grammatically, 总算 and 终于 are used basically the same way. They are both adverbs, and they can be placed before the subject or after the subject. However, in comparison to 终于, 总算 is seldom used ''before'' the subject. In the simple sentences given below, however, they are fully interchangeable. | |
| − | |||
| − | Grammatically, 总算 and 终于 are basically | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | Subj. + 总算 / 终于 + Verb | |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | == Examples == | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *你<em>总算</em> | + | *你 <em>总算</em> 来了 ！<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>zǒngsuàn</em> lái le!</span><span class="trans">You finally came!</span> |
| − | *你<em> | + | *我 <em>终于</em> 懂 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhōngyú</em> dǒng le.</span><span class="trans">I finally understood it.</span> |
| + | *雨 <em>总算</em> 停 了 。<span class="pinyin">Yǔ <em>zǒngsuàn</em> tíng le.</span><span class="trans">The rain finally stopped.</span> | ||
| + | *我 <em>终于</em> 找到 你 了 ！<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zhōngyú</em> zhǎodào nǐ le!</span><span class="trans">I finally found you!</span> | ||
| + | *飞机 <em>总算</em> 起飞 了 ！<span class="pinyin">Fēijī <em>zǒngsuàn</em> qǐfēi le!</span><span class="trans">The plane is finally taking off!</span> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == 总算 is | + | == 总算 is More Informal and Impatient == |
Both 总算 and 终于 express that an action has ''finally'' happened after a long wait, however 总算 implies that the speaker had a bit of an agonizing wait, and it has a heavier tone better suited to complaints. | Both 总算 and 终于 express that an action has ''finally'' happened after a long wait, however 总算 implies that the speaker had a bit of an agonizing wait, and it has a heavier tone better suited to complaints. | ||
| − | + | == Examples == | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * 谢天谢地，你 <em>总算</em> 来 了。<span class="trans">Thank God, you ''finally'' came.</span> | + | * 谢天谢地，你 <em>总算</em> 来 了。<span class="pinyin">Xiè tiān xiè dì, nǐ <em>zǒngsuàn</em> lái le.</span><span class="trans">Thank God, you ''finally'' came.</span> |
| − | * <em>总算</em> 没 迟到。<span class="trans">You ''finally'' didn't arrive late.</span> | + | * <em>总算</em> 没 迟到。<span class="pinyin"><em>Zǒngsuàn</em> méi chídào.</span><span class="trans">You ''finally'' didn't arrive late.</span> |
| − | * 她 的 感冒 <em>总算</em> 好 了。<span class="trans">She ''finally'' got over her cold.</span> | + | * 她 的 感冒 <em>总算</em> 好 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā de gǎnmào <em>zǒngsuàn</em> hǎo le.</span><span class="trans">She ''finally'' got over her cold.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
== 终于 is more formal and objective == | == 终于 is more formal and objective == | ||
| − | 终于 is more formal than 总算 (in other words, 总算 is more for spoken Chinese), and it also has a more objective feel (meaning that there was indeed a long wait for this thing that ''finally'' happened). | + | 终于 is more formal than 总算 (in other words, 总算 is more for spoken Chinese), and it also has a more objective feel (meaning that the speaker isn't just being impatient and there was indeed a very long wait for this thing that ''finally'' happened). |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * <em>终于</em> | + | *你 <em>终于</em> 决定 了！<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>zhōngyú</em> juédìng le!</span><span class="trans">You finally decided!</span> |
| − | * | + | *<em>终于</em> 要 放假 了，开心 吧？<span class="pinyin"><em>Zhōngyú</em> yào fàngjià le, kāixīn ba?</span><span class="trans">You're finally going on vacation. You're happy about it, aren't you?</span> |
| − | + | *你们 合作 的 项目 <em>终于</em> 成功 了!<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen hézuò de xiàngmù <em>zhōngyú</em> chénggōng le!</span><span class="trans">This project you've been working on together has finally succeeded!</span> | |
</div> | </div> | ||
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=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|现代汉语八百词（增订本）|687}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|现代汉语虚词例释| 653}} | |
| − | |||
| − | + | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|18}} | |
=== Dictionaries === | === Dictionaries === | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | {{Source|现代汉语词典（第5版）|1814, 1767}} | ||
=== Websites === | === Websites === | ||
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[[Category:grammar comparison]] | [[Category:grammar comparison]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|总算| | + | {{Basic Grammar|总算|B2|总算 vs 终于|今天 的 会 <em>终于</em> 开 完 了！你 <em>总算</em> 来 了。|grammar point|ASGT8AUA}} |
{{Rel char|终于}} | {{Rel char|终于}} | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Similar|Expressing "finally" with "zhongyu"}} |
{{Used for|Describing actions}} | {{Used for|Describing actions}} | ||
{{Comparison|Auxiliary Words}} | {{Comparison|Auxiliary Words}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:21, 4 January 2021
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
Adverbs is 总算 (zǒngsuàn) and 终于 (zhōngyú) both can be translated as "finally" or "in the end," but they subtly different in tone.
Contents
Same Grammatical Structure
Grammatically, 总算 and 终于 are used basically the same way. They are both adverbs, and they can be placed before the subject or after the subject. However, in comparison to 终于, 总算 is seldom used before the subject. In the simple sentences given below, however, they are fully interchangeable.
Subj. + 总算 / 终于 + Verb
Examples
- 你 总算 来了 ！You finally came!
- 我 终于 懂 了 。I finally understood it.
- 雨 总算 停 了 。The rain finally stopped.
- 我 终于 找到 你 了 ！I finally found you!
- 飞机 总算 起飞 了 ！The plane is finally taking off!
总算 is More Informal and Impatient
Both 总算 and 终于 express that an action has finally happened after a long wait, however 总算 implies that the speaker had a bit of an agonizing wait, and it has a heavier tone better suited to complaints.
Examples
- 谢天谢地，你 总算 来 了。Thank God, you finally came.
- 总算 没 迟到。You finally didn't arrive late.
- 她 的 感冒 总算 好 了。She finally got over her cold.
终于 is more formal and objective
终于 is more formal than 总算 (in other words, 总算 is more for spoken Chinese), and it also has a more objective feel (meaning that the speaker isn't just being impatient and there was indeed a very long wait for this thing that finally happened).
- 你 终于 决定 了！You finally decided!
- 终于 要 放假 了，开心 吧？You're finally going on vacation. You're happy about it, aren't you?
- 你们 合作 的 项目 终于 成功 了!This project you've been working on together has finally succeeded!
Sources and further reading
Books
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 687) [ →buy]
- 现代汉语虚词例释 (pp. 653) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (pp. 1814, 1767) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
Websites
- Chinesegrammar.info: A blog with some information on 终于 by comparing it to 最后.
