Difference between revisions of "Using the verb "xing""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
− | The verb 姓 (xìng) literally means "to be surnamed" or "to have the surname." | + | The verb 姓 (xìng) literally means "to be surnamed" or "to have the surname." It may seem awkward at first that there's a verb just for this, but you'll find that it's used quite often in Chinese. |
== Giving One's Surname == | == Giving One's Surname == | ||
− | + | 姓 (xìng) is used most often to tell someone your own surname ("family name" or "last name"), or to ask the surname of someone else. | |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
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<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
− | + | Subj. + 姓 + [Surname] | |
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * 我 <em>姓</em> 王。<span class="trans">My | + | *我 <em>姓</em> 王。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>xìng</em> Wáng.</span><span class="trans">My family name is Wang.</span> |
− | * | + | *你 老板 <em>姓</em> 李 吗?<span class="pinyin"> Nǐ lǎobǎn <em>xìng</em> Lǐ ma?</span><span class="trans">Is your boss's last name Li?</span> |
− | * 那 个 帅哥 <em>姓</em> 张。<span class="trans">That handsome guy's last name is Zhang.</span> | + | *那 个 帅哥 <em>姓</em> 张。<span class="pinyin">Nàge shuàigē <em>xìng</em> Zhāng.</span><span class="trans">That handsome guy's last name is Zhang.</span> |
− | * 我 爸爸 <em>姓</em> 周,我 妈妈 <em>姓</em> 林. | + | *我 爸爸 <em>姓</em> 周,我 妈妈 <em>姓</em> 林 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ bàba <em>xìng</em> Zhōu, wǒ māma <em>xìng</em> Lín.</span><span class="trans">My father's family name is Zhou. My mother's family name is Lin.</span> |
− | * | + | *他 女朋友 <em>姓</em> 钱。<span class="pinyin">Tā nǚpéngyou <em>xìng</em> Qián.</span><span class="trans">His girlfriend's last name is Qian.</span> |
− | * 你好,我 <em>姓</em> 毛。<span class="trans">Hello. My last name is Mao. </span> | + | *你好,我 <em>姓</em> 毛。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ hǎo, wǒ <em>xìng</em> Máo.</span><span class="trans">Hello. My last name is Mao.</span> |
− | * 我 <em>姓</em> | + | *我 <em>姓</em> 赵,我 太太 也 <em>姓</em> 赵。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>xìng</em> Zhào, wǒ tàitai yě <em>xìng</em> Zhào.</span><span class="trans">My last name is Zhao. My wife's last name is also Zhao.</span> |
− | * 我 <em>姓</em> | + | *我 的 中文 老师 <em>姓</em> 陈。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de Zhōngwén lǎoshī <em>xìng</em> Chén.</span><span class="trans">My Chinese teacher's surname is Chen.</span> |
− | * | + | *你 奶奶 也 <em>姓</em> 陈 吗 ?<span class="pinyin"> Nǐ nǎinai yě <em>xìng</em> Chén ma?</span><span class="trans">Is your grandma's family name also Chen?</span> |
− | * | + | *他们 都 <em>姓</em> 李。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen dōu <em>xìng</em> Lǐ.</span><span class="trans">All of their surnames are Li.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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== Asking Someone's Surname == | == Asking Someone's Surname == | ||
− | You can also use 姓 to ask people their surnames. You could do this quite directly by saying: | + | You can also use 姓 (xìng) to ask people their surnames. You could do this quite directly by saying: |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * 你 姓 什么 ? <span class="trans">What is your last name?</span> | + | * 你 姓 什么? <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xìng shénme?</span><span class="trans">What is your last name?</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * 您 贵 姓 ?<span class="trans">What is your | + | * 您 贵 姓 ?<span class="pinyin">Nín guì xìng?</span><span class="trans">What is your honorable surname?</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
− | *[[Using the verb jiao]] | + | *[[Using the verb "jiao"]] |
*[[Introducing people]] | *[[Introducing people]] | ||
== Sources and further reading == | == Sources and further reading == | ||
− | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 2|83}} | |
− | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)|22-3}} | |
− | + | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)|39}} | |
+ | {{Source|Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition|49}} | ||
[[Category:A1 grammar points]] | [[Category:A1 grammar points]] | ||
+ | {{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}} | ||
[[Category:Verbs]] | [[Category:Verbs]] | ||
{{Used for|Introducing people}} | {{Used for|Introducing people}} | ||
− | {{Basic Grammar|姓|A1|姓 + | + | {{Basic Grammar|姓|A1|姓 + Surname|你 <em>姓</em> 什么 ?|grammar point|ASGPS9NY}} |
{{Similar|Using the verb jiao}} | {{Similar|Using the verb jiao}} | ||
{{Similar|Introducing people}} | {{Similar|Introducing people}} | ||
+ | {{Rel char|姓}} | ||
{{POS|Verbs}} | {{POS|Verbs}} | ||
{{Subprop|Verbs}} | {{Subprop|Verbs}} | ||
{{Translation|call}} | {{Translation|call}} |
Latest revision as of 08:55, 21 April 2021
The verb 姓 (xìng) literally means "to be surnamed" or "to have the surname." It may seem awkward at first that there's a verb just for this, but you'll find that it's used quite often in Chinese.
Contents
Giving One's Surname
姓 (xìng) is used most often to tell someone your own surname ("family name" or "last name"), or to ask the surname of someone else.
Structure
Subj. + 姓 + [Surname]
Examples
- 我 姓 王。My family name is Wang.
- 你 老板 姓 李 吗?Is your boss's last name Li?
- 那 个 帅哥 姓 张。That handsome guy's last name is Zhang.
- 我 爸爸 姓 周,我 妈妈 姓 林 。My father's family name is Zhou. My mother's family name is Lin.
- 他 女朋友 姓 钱。His girlfriend's last name is Qian.
- 你好,我 姓 毛。Hello. My last name is Mao.
- 我 姓 赵,我 太太 也 姓 赵。My last name is Zhao. My wife's last name is also Zhao.
- 我 的 中文 老师 姓 陈。My Chinese teacher's surname is Chen.
- 你 奶奶 也 姓 陈 吗 ?Is your grandma's family name also Chen?
- 他们 都 姓 李。All of their surnames are Li.
Asking Someone's Surname
You can also use 姓 (xìng) to ask people their surnames. You could do this quite directly by saying:
- 你 姓 什么? What is your last name?
However, the formal way to ask has a set form:
- 您 贵 姓 ?What is your honorable surname?
Literally this means "What is your honorable surname?" Use this form to be polite when asking people their surnames.