Difference between revisions of "Comparing "changchang" and "jingchang""

 
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{{Grammar Box}}  
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
  
Both 常常 (chángcháng) and 经常 (jīngcháng) express similar concepts, though using them properly requires attention to some small details.  
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Both 常常 (chángcháng) and 经常 (jīngcháng) are [[adverb]]s expressing the idea of "often," though their usage differs in some small details.  
  
 
== Used as an Adverb ==
 
== Used as an Adverb ==
  
常常 and 经常 both can be used to express frequency, meaning "often," and that the time between each time it happens is very short. In this case, they are interchangeable.
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常常 and 经常 both can be used to express frequency, meaning "often," and that the time between each instance something happens is very short. In this case, they are interchangeable.  
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*我 <em>常常</em> 收到 垃圾 短信 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>chángcháng</em> shōudào lājī duǎnxìn.</span><span class="trans">I often receive junk messages.</span>
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*我 <em>常常</em> 收到 垃圾 短信 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>chángcháng</em> shōudào lājī duǎnxìn.</span><span class="trans">I often receive spam texts.</span>
*你们 <em>经常</em> 加班 吗 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>jīngcháng</em> jiābān ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you often work late?</span>
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*你们 <em>经常</em> 加班 吗 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>jīngcháng</em> jiābān ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you guys often work overtime?</span>
*他们 <em>常常</em> 吵架 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>chángcháng</em> chǎojià.</span><span class="trans">They often fight.</span>
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*他们 <em>常常</em> 吵架 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>chángcháng</em> chǎojià.</span><span class="trans">They often argue.</span>
*他 <em>经常</em> 不 吃 早 饭。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>jīngcháng</em> bù chī zǎo fàn.</span><span class="trans">He often skips breakfast.</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
However, 常常 can be shorten for 常 while you can't do this with 经常.
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Neither 常常 nor 经常 can be placed before the subject:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
*你们 会 <em></em> 来 看 我 吗 ?<span class="trans">Will you often come to visit me?</span>
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<ul>
*<em></em> 联系 !<span class="trans">Let's keep in touch!</span>
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<li class="x"><em>常常</em> 他 不 吃 早饭 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Chángcháng</em> tā bù chī zǎo fàn.</span></li>
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<li class="x"><em>经常</em> 他 不 吃 早饭 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Jīngcháng</em> tā bù chī zǎo fàn.</span></li>
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<li class="o">他 <em>经常</em> 不 吃 早饭 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>jīngcháng</em> bù chī zǎo fàn.</span><span class="trans">He often skips breakfast.</span></li>
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</ul>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
Note that 经常 is also a little more formal than 常常 as an adverb when it comes to written language. But it won't make a difference colloquially.
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Note that 常 (by itself) is used for ''future'' frequent actions in colloquial Chinese.
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<div class="liju">
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*<em>常</em> 来 玩 !<span class="pinyin"><em>Cháng</em> lái wán!</span><span class="trans">Come hang out often!</span>
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*<em>常</em> 联系 !<span class="pinyin"><em>Cháng</em> liánxì!</span><span class="trans">Let's keep in touch!</span>
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</div>
  
 
== Used as an Adjective ==
 
== Used as an Adjective ==
  
经常 can also be used an adjective referring to things that happens very frequently. You can't use 常常 this way.
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Although not so commonly used in this way, 经常 can also be used as an adjective referring to things that happens very frequently. 常常 can't be used this way.
 
 
=== Structure ===
 
 
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
经常 + 的 + Noun
 
</div>
 
  
=== Examples ===
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A simple example:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*她 忘 带 钥匙 是 <em>经常</em> 的 事情 。<span class="trans">Her forgetting to bring a key is a frequent occurrence.</span>
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*她 忘 带 钥匙 是 <em>经常</em> 的 事情 。<span class="pinyin">Tā wàng dài yàoshi shì <em>jīngcháng</em> de shìqing.</span><span class="trans">It's a regular thing for her to forget to bring her keys.</span>
* <em>经常</em> 的  。<span class="trans">Her forgetting to bring a key is a frequent occurrence.</span>
 
*对 我们 来 说 ,处理 顾客 的 投诉 是<em>经常性</em> 工作。<span class="trans">Dealing with customers' complaints is a common job for us.</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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== Negative Form ==
 
== Negative Form ==
  
经常 and 常常 can share the same negative form '''不常'''. For 经常, you can also simply use 不经常 to negate.
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经常 and 常常 can share the same negative form '''不常'''. You can also simply use to negate both 经常 and 常常, although 不常常 is not super common.
  
=== Examples ===
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A few examples:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
*<em>不 经常</em> 看 电视 。<span class="trans">I don't watch television very often.</span>
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*<em>不 </em> 抽烟 。<span class="pinyin"><em>bù cháng</em> chōuyān.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't smoke very often.</span>
*他 <em>不 常</em> 抽烟 。<span class="trans">He doesn't smoke very often.</span>
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*我 妈妈 <em>不 经常</em> 网购 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ māma <em>bù jīngcháng</em> wǎng gòu.</span><span class="trans">My mother doesn't often shop online.</span>
*我 妈妈 <em>不 </em> 网购 。<span class="trans">My mother doesn't do online shopping often.</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 5上|119}}
  
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
{{Basic Grammar|常常|B1|常常 vs 经常|我 <em>不 常</em>  运动 ,我 需要 <em>经常</em> 运动 。|grammar point|ASGE8FLP}}
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{{HSK|HSK5}}
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{{Basic Grammar|常常|B1|常常 vs. 经常|我 <em>不 常</em>  运动 ,我 需要 <em>经常</em> 运动 。|grammar point|ASGE8FLP}}
 
{{Rel char|经常}}
 
{{Rel char|经常}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing frequency}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing frequency}}
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{{Used for|Referring to habitual actions}}
 
{{Used for|Referring to habitual actions}}
 
{{Similar|Comparing "pingshi" and "pingchang"}}
 
{{Similar|Comparing "pingshi" and "pingchang"}}
{{Comparison|Time Words}}
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{{Similar|Comparing "jingchang" and "wangwang"}}
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{{Translation|often}}
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{{Comparison|Adverbs}}

Latest revision as of 07:34, 9 July 2021

Both 常常 (chángcháng) and 经常 (jīngcháng) are adverbs expressing the idea of "often," though their usage differs in some small details.

Used as an Adverb

常常 and 经常 both can be used to express frequency, meaning "often," and that the time between each instance something happens is very short. In this case, they are interchangeable.

Structure

常常 / 经常 + Verb

Examples

  • 常常 收到 垃圾 短信 。chángcháng shōudào lājī duǎnxìn.I often receive spam texts.
  • 你们 经常 加班 吗 ?Nǐmen jīngcháng jiābān ma?Do you guys often work overtime?
  • 他们 常常 吵架 。Tāmen chángcháng chǎojià.They often argue.

Neither 常常 nor 经常 can be placed before the subject:

  • 常常 他 不 吃 早饭 。Chángcháng tā bù chī zǎo fàn.
  • 经常 他 不 吃 早饭 。Jīngcháng tā bù chī zǎo fàn.
  • 经常 不 吃 早饭 。jīngcháng bù chī zǎo fàn.He often skips breakfast.

Note that 常 (by itself) is used for future frequent actions in colloquial Chinese.

  • 来 玩 !Cháng lái wán!Come hang out often!
  • 联系 !Cháng liánxì!Let's keep in touch!

Used as an Adjective

Although not so commonly used in this way, 经常 can also be used as an adjective referring to things that happens very frequently. 常常 can't be used this way.

A simple example:

  • 她 忘 带 钥匙 是 经常 的 事情 。Tā wàng dài yàoshi shì jīngcháng de shìqing.It's a regular thing for her to forget to bring her keys.

Negative Form

经常 and 常常 can share the same negative form 不常. You can also simply use 不 to negate both 经常 and 常常, although 不常常 is not super common.

A few examples:

  • 不 常 抽烟 。bù cháng chōuyān.He doesn't smoke very often.
  • 我 妈妈 不 经常 网购 。Wǒ māma bù jīngcháng wǎng gòu.My mother doesn't often shop online.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books