Difference between revisions of "Expressing wasted efforts with "bai""
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白 (bái) doesn't only mean "white." When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect." | 白 (bái) doesn't only mean "white." When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect." | ||
− | == | + | == Basic Form with Just 白 == |
All you have to do is put 白 before the verb. One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 做, 学, 跑, etc. You should put a 地 after 白. | All you have to do is put 白 before the verb. One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 做, 学, 跑, etc. You should put a 地 after 白. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Structure === | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
− | |||
白 + Verb + 了 | 白 + Verb + 了 | ||
− | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * <em>白</em> 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。<span class="pinyin"><em>Bái</em> huā le yībǎi kuài qián, zhè jiàn | + | * <em>白</em> 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。<span class="pinyin"><em>Bái</em> huā le yībǎi kuài qián, zhè jiàn yīfu bù néng chuān.</span><span class="trans">I just wasted a hundred kuai. I can't even wear these clothes.</span> |
* 他 不 回来 吃饭 了?!我 这些 菜 <em>白</em> 做了。<span class="pinyin">Tā bù huílái chīfàn le?! Wǒ zhèxiē cài <em>bái</em> zuò le.</span><span class="trans">He's not coming back to eat?! I made all this food for nothing.</span> | * 他 不 回来 吃饭 了?!我 这些 菜 <em>白</em> 做了。<span class="pinyin">Tā bù huílái chīfàn le?! Wǒ zhèxiē cài <em>bái</em> zuò le.</span><span class="trans">He's not coming back to eat?! I made all this food for nothing.</span> | ||
* 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,<em>白</em> 学 了 这么 长 时间。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yījù Hànyǔ dōu bù huì shuō, <em>bái</em> xué le zhème cháng shíjiān.</span><span class="trans">You can't speak even one sentence in Chinese! All that time studying was a waste.</span> | * 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,<em>白</em> 学 了 这么 长 时间。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yījù Hànyǔ dōu bù huì shuō, <em>bái</em> xué le zhème cháng shíjiān.</span><span class="trans">You can't speak even one sentence in Chinese! All that time studying was a waste.</span> | ||
− | * 我 去 的 时候 他 不 在 家, 所以 我 <em>白</em> 跑 了 一 趟。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù de | + | * 我 去 的 时候 他 不 在 家, 所以 我 <em>白</em> 跑 了 一 趟。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù de shíhou tā bù zài jiā, suǒyǐ wǒ <em>bái</em> pǎo le yī tàng.</span><span class="trans">He wasn't home when I got there, so I wasted all of that time going over there.</span> |
− | * 不好意思, 让 你 <em>白</em> 忙 了 一 个 早上,我们 老板 今天 来 不了 了。<span class="pinyin">Bù hǎoyìsi, ràng nǐ <em>bái</em> máng le | + | * 不好意思, 让 你 <em>白</em> 忙 了 一 个 早上,我们 老板 今天 来 不了 了。<span class="pinyin">Bù hǎoyìsi, ràng nǐ <em>bái</em> máng le yī gè zǎoshang, wǒmen lǎobǎn jīntiān lái buliǎo le.</span><span class="trans">Sorry to make you work this whole morning for nothing. Our boss just said that he couldn't come today.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
− | == | + | == Form with 白白 == |
白 can also be replaced with 白白 with basically the same meaning, although 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 is also usually paired with a disyllabic verb, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地. | 白 can also be replaced with 白白 with basically the same meaning, although 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 is also usually paired with a disyllabic verb, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Structure === | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
+ | 白白 + Verb + 了 | ||
+ | </div> | ||
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
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* 他 没有 来,我 在 飞机场 <em>白白</em> 等 了 他 四 个 小时。<span class="pinyin">Tā méiyǒu lái, wǒ zài fēijīchǎng <em>báibái</em> děng le tā sì gè xiǎoshí.</span><span class="trans">He didn't come. I wasted four hours at the airport waiting for him.</span> | * 他 没有 来,我 在 飞机场 <em>白白</em> 等 了 他 四 个 小时。<span class="pinyin">Tā méiyǒu lái, wǒ zài fēijīchǎng <em>báibái</em> děng le tā sì gè xiǎoshí.</span><span class="trans">He didn't come. I wasted four hours at the airport waiting for him.</span> | ||
* 父母 <em>白白</em> 养 了 你 这么 多 年,你 一点 也不 关心 你 的 父母。<span class="pinyin">Fùmǔ <em>báibái </em> yǎng le nǐ zhème duō nián, nǐ yīdiǎn yě bù guānxīn nǐ de fùmǔ.</span><span class="trans">Your parents raised you for so many years, just for you not to care about them at all.</span> | * 父母 <em>白白</em> 养 了 你 这么 多 年,你 一点 也不 关心 你 的 父母。<span class="pinyin">Fùmǔ <em>báibái </em> yǎng le nǐ zhème duō nián, nǐ yīdiǎn yě bù guānxīn nǐ de fùmǔ.</span><span class="trans">Your parents raised you for so many years, just for you not to care about them at all.</span> | ||
− | * 她 <em>白白</em> 学 了 十 年 的 英语 。 她 | + | * 她 <em>白白</em> 学 了 十 年 的 英语 。 她 看 得 懂 英文,但是 连 简单 的 对话 都 不 会 说!<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>báibái</em> xué le shí nián de Yīngyǔ. Tā kàn de dǒng Yīngwén, dànshì lián jiǎndān de duìhuà dōu bù huì shuō!</span><span class="trans">She spent ten years fruitlessly studying English. She can read English, but she can't even hold a simple conversation!</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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[[Category:B2 grammar points]] | [[Category:B2 grammar points]] | ||
{{Basic Grammar|白|B2|白 + Verb|<em>白</em> 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。|grammar point|ASGTIMTS}} | {{Basic Grammar|白|B2|白 + Verb|<em>白</em> 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。|grammar point|ASGTIMTS}} | ||
+ | {{Rel char|白白}} | ||
{{Used for|Describing actions}} | {{Used for|Describing actions}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}} | {{Used for|Expressing attitude}} | ||
{{POS|Adverbs}} | {{POS|Adverbs}} |
Latest revision as of 09:31, 18 January 2021
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Keywords
白 (bái) doesn't only mean "white." When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect."
Contents
Basic Form with Just 白
All you have to do is put 白 before the verb. One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 做, 学, 跑, etc. You should put a 地 after 白.
Structure
白 + Verb + 了
Examples
- 白 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。I just wasted a hundred kuai. I can't even wear these clothes.
- 他 不 回来 吃饭 了?!我 这些 菜 白 做了。He's not coming back to eat?! I made all this food for nothing.
- 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,白 学 了 这么 长 时间。You can't speak even one sentence in Chinese! All that time studying was a waste.
- 我 去 的 时候 他 不 在 家, 所以 我 白 跑 了 一 趟。He wasn't home when I got there, so I wasted all of that time going over there.
- 不好意思, 让 你 白 忙 了 一 个 早上,我们 老板 今天 来 不了 了。Sorry to make you work this whole morning for nothing. Our boss just said that he couldn't come today.
Form with 白白
白 can also be replaced with 白白 with basically the same meaning, although 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 is also usually paired with a disyllabic verb, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地.
Structure
白白 + Verb + 了
Examples
- 明天 不 考 中文, 小王 白白 准备 了 一 天。There's no Chinese test tomorrow. Little Wang spent the whole day studying in vain.
- 他 还是 没有 听 我 的 建议, 我 白白 给 他 说 了 这么 长 时间。He still doesn't listen to my advice. I spent such a long time talking to him, all for nothing.
- 他 没有 来,我 在 飞机场 白白 等 了 他 四 个 小时。He didn't come. I wasted four hours at the airport waiting for him.
- 父母 白白 养 了 你 这么 多 年,你 一点 也不 关心 你 的 父母。Your parents raised you for so many years, just for you not to care about them at all.
- 她 白白 学 了 十 年 的 英语 。 她 看 得 懂 英文,但是 连 简单 的 对话 都 不 会 说!She spent ten years fruitlessly studying English. She can read English, but she can't even hold a simple conversation!
白 as "For Free"
There are a group of mono-syllabic verbs that combine with 白 in the same structure, but for these verbs, 白 means "for free." Think of these as set phrases. All relate to the senses or some form of "consumption." This list is not exhaustive:
- 白吃to eat for free
- 白喝to drink for free
- 白住to stay (overnight) for free