Difference between revisions of "Comparing "fan'er" and “xiangfan""
m (Text replace - "(\r?\n){2}" to "\r\n") |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | {{Grammar Box}} | + | {{Grammar Box}} |
| − | + | ||
| + | The differences between 反而 (fǎn'ér) and 相反 (xiāngfǎn) are pretty clear. 反而 is an [[adverb]], while 相反 is an [[adjective]], and this determines how they are used grammatically. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Position in a Sentence == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | 相反 normally starts a sentence, and when used should be followed with a comma. As an adverb, 反而 is not so set apart from the rest of the sentence, and should not be followed by a comma. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
A，相反，B | A，相反，B | ||
| − | </div> | + | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
A，反而B | A，反而B | ||
| − | </div> | + | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
* 这 个 方法 对 他 来说 没用，<em>相反</em>，对 我 有用。<span class="trans">According to him, this method isn't useful, but for me, I think it is.</span> | * 这 个 方法 对 他 来说 没用，<em>相反</em>，对 我 有用。<span class="trans">According to him, this method isn't useful, but for me, I think it is.</span> | ||
* 吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处，<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。<span class="trans">Not only does eating fruit not benefit him, it actually is bad for him.</span> | * 吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处，<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。<span class="trans">Not only does eating fruit not benefit him, it actually is bad for him.</span> | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| + | |||
| + | == Differences in Meaning == | ||
| + | |||
| + | 反而 is used in the context of the speaker expecting some kind of turning point. 相反 is for similar things that have a different aspect. 反而 conveys that the difference between what was expected and what actually happened was quite large. 相反 isn't as strong. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
expectation，相反，non-expectation | expectation，相反，non-expectation | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
expectation，反而 + opposite of expectation | expectation，反而 + opposite of expectation | ||
| − | </div> | + | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
* 好 好 工作 就 会 升职，<em>相反</em>，不 好 好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。<span class="trans">In a good job, you can move up the ranks, but in a bad job, you can't.</span> | * 好 好 工作 就 会 升职，<em>相反</em>，不 好 好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。<span class="trans">In a good job, you can move up the ranks, but in a bad job, you can't.</span> | ||
* 老板 没有 生气，<em>反而</em> 让 我 提 了 更 多 的 建议。<span class="trans">The boss didn't get angry. Instead, he gave me a lot of suggestions.</span> | * 老板 没有 生气，<em>反而</em> 让 我 提 了 更 多 的 建议。<span class="trans">The boss didn't get angry. Instead, he gave me a lot of suggestions.</span> | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| − | === Structure === | + | |
| + | == 相反 can act as an attribute == | ||
| + | |||
| + | 相反 is an adjective, and of course it can also be an attribute. Just make sure to add a 的 after it. 反而 cannot be used this way. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
相反 + 的 + Noun. | 相反 + 的 + Noun. | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
* 这 是 两 个 完全 <em>相反</em> 的 结果。<span class="trans">These are two completely opposite results.</span> | * 这 是 两 个 完全 <em>相反</em> 的 结果。<span class="trans">These are two completely opposite results.</span> | ||
* 你 应该 朝 <em>相反</em>的 方向 走。<span class="trans">You should go down a different path.</span> | * 你 应该 朝 <em>相反</em>的 方向 走。<span class="trans">You should go down a different path.</span> | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| − | === Structure === | + | |
| + | == 相反 can be the predicate == | ||
| + | |||
| + | 相反, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence. Sometimes you can also say 正好相反. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
Subject + 相反 | Subject + 相反 | ||
| − | </div> | + | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
* 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">These two art pieces have completely different forms.</span> | * 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">These two art pieces have completely different forms.</span> | ||
* 我们 的 看法 是 <em>相反</em> 的。<span class="trans">Our perspectives are not the same.</span> | * 我们 的 看法 是 <em>相反</em> 的。<span class="trans">Our perspectives are not the same.</span> | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| + | |||
| + | == 相反 can also be a short phrase == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
A 跟/和 B 相反 | A 跟/和 B 相反 | ||
| − | </div> | + | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
* 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.</span> | * 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.</span> | ||
* 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The views of today are different from what they were in the past.</span> | * 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 <em>相反</em>。<span class="trans">The views of today are different from what they were in the past.</span> | ||
| − | </div> | + | </div> |
| − | *[[对外汉语教学语法释疑201例]] (相反 vs 反而 p.184) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语八百词（增订本）]] (反而p.199 相反p.574) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语虚词例释]] (反而p.172 相反p.504)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[卓越汉语－公司实战篇]] (pp. 19-20) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1 →buy] | + | |
| − | * [[现代汉语词典（第5版）]] (相反p.1484 反而p.377) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy] | + | == See also == |
| + | |||
| + | == Sources and further reading == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Books === | ||
| + | *[[对外汉语教学语法释疑201例]] (相反 vs 反而 p.184) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语八百词（增订本）]] (反而p.199 相反p.574) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[现代汉语虚词例释]] (反而p.172 相反p.504)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]\r\n*[[卓越汉语－公司实战篇]] (pp. 19-20) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1 →buy] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Dictionaries === | ||
| + | * [[现代汉语词典（第5版）]] (相反p.1484 反而p.377) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy] | ||
| + | |||
[[Category:grammar comparison]] | [[Category:grammar comparison]] | ||
{{Basic Grammar|反而|B2|反而 vs 相反|吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处，<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。|grammar point|ASGFNS52}} | {{Basic Grammar|反而|B2|反而 vs 相反|吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处，<em>反而</em> 有 坏处。 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 <em>相反</em>。|grammar point|ASGFNS52}} | ||
Revision as of 01:57, 11 July 2016
The differences between 反而 (fǎn'ér) and 相反 (xiāngfǎn) are pretty clear. 反而 is an adverb, while 相反 is an adjective, and this determines how they are used grammatically.
Contents
Position in a Sentence
Structure
相反 normally starts a sentence, and when used should be followed with a comma. As an adverb, 反而 is not so set apart from the rest of the sentence, and should not be followed by a comma.
A，相反，B
A，反而B
Examples
- 这 个 方法 对 他 来说 没用，相反，对 我 有用。According to him, this method isn't useful, but for me, I think it is.
- 吃 水果 不但 对 他 没 好处，反而 有 坏处。Not only does eating fruit not benefit him, it actually is bad for him.
Differences in Meaning
反而 is used in the context of the speaker expecting some kind of turning point. 相反 is for similar things that have a different aspect. 反而 conveys that the difference between what was expected and what actually happened was quite large. 相反 isn't as strong.
Structure
expectation，相反，non-expectation
expectation，反而 + opposite of expectation
Examples
- 好 好 工作 就 会 升职，相反，不 好 好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。In a good job, you can move up the ranks, but in a bad job, you can't.
- 老板 没有 生气，反而 让 我 提 了 更 多 的 建议。The boss didn't get angry. Instead, he gave me a lot of suggestions.
相反 can act as an attribute
相反 is an adjective, and of course it can also be an attribute. Just make sure to add a 的 after it. 反而 cannot be used this way.
Structure
相反 + 的 + Noun.
Examples
- 这 是 两 个 完全 相反 的 结果。These are two completely opposite results.
- 你 应该 朝 相反的 方向 走。You should go down a different path.
相反 can be the predicate
相反, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence. Sometimes you can also say 正好相反.
Structure
Subject + 相反
Examples
- 这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 相反。These two art pieces have completely different forms.
- 我们 的 看法 是 相反 的。Our perspectives are not the same.
相反 can also be a short phrase
Structure
A 跟/和 B 相反
Examples
- 老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 相反。The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.
- 现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 相反。The views of today are different from what they were in the past.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- 对外汉语教学语法释疑201例 (相反 vs 反而 p.184) →buy\r\n*现代汉语八百词（增订本） (反而p.199 相反p.574) →buy\r\n*现代汉语虚词例释 (反而p.172 相反p.504)→buy\r\n*卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (pp. 19-20) →buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (相反p.1484 反而p.377) →buy
